[en] We evaluate modelled Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) near-surface climate, surface mass balance (SMB) and surface energy balance (SEB) from the updated polar version of the regional atmospheric climate model, RACMO2 (1979-2016). The updated model, referred to as RACMO2.3p2, incorporates upper-air relaxation, a revised topography, tuned parameters in the cloud scheme to generate more precipitation towards the AIS interior and modified snow properties reducing drifting snow sublimation and increasing surface snowmelt.</p><p>Comparisons of RACMO2 model output with several independent observational data show that the existing biases in AIS temperature, radiative fluxes and SMB components are further reduced with respect to the previous model version. The model-integrated annual average SMB for the ice sheet including ice shelves (minus the Antarctic Peninsula, AP) now amounts to 2229ĝ€Gtĝ€yĝ'1, with an interannual variability of 109ĝ€Gtĝ€yĝ'1. The largest improvement is found in modelled surface snowmelt, which now compares well with satellite and weather station observations. For the high-resolution ( ĝ1/4 ĝ€5.5ĝ€km) AP simulation, results remain comparable to earlier studies.</p><p>The updated model provides a new, high-resolution data set of the contemporary near-surface climate and SMB of the AIS; this model version will be used for future climate scenario projections in a forthcoming study.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Melchior Van Wessem, Jan; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Jan Van De Berg, Willem; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Noël, Brice ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géographie > Climatologie et Topoclimatologie ; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Van Meijgaard, Erik ; Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Netherlands
Amory, Charles ; Department of Geography, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
Birnbaum, Gerit; Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Jakobs, Constantijn L. ; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Krüger, Konstantin; Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Lenaerts, Jan T.M. ; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
Lhermitte, Stef ; Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
Ligtenberg, Stefan R. M.; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Medley, Brooke ; Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States
Reijmer, Carleen H. ; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Van Tricht, Kristof; KU Leuven, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
Trusel, Luke D. ; Department of Geology, Rowan University, Glassboro, United States
Van Ulft, Lambertus H. ; Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, Netherlands
Wouters, Bert; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Wuite, Jan ; ENVEO IT GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
Van Den Broeke, Michiel R. ; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
NWO - Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek [NL]
Funding text :
Acknowledgements. We acknowledge financial contributions made by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (grant 866.15.201) and the Netherlands Earth System Science Center (NESSC). We thank the ECMWF for the use of their supercomputing facilities. Drifting snow observations in Adélie Land (Charles Amory) would not have been possible without the financial and logistical support of the French Polar Institute IPEV (programme CALVA-1013) Graphics and calculations were made using the NCAR Command Language (version 6.3.0, 2017).
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