[en] Acute and/or chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). It is a multisystemic inflammatory and/or fibrotic disease that occurs when the immune cells derived from the graft (and therefore originating from the donor) recognize recipient's healthy tissues as foreign and react against them. Acute GVHD is one of the main causes of non-relapse mortality after alloHSCT. Chronic GVHD can be very disabling in its severe form and can also be responsible for late mortality, mainly due to long-term immune deficiency and opportunistic infections. In contrast, GVHD can be associated with certain beneficial effects in patients transplanted for hematological malignancies, through simultaneous «graft versus tumour» positive effects. Therefore, one of the challenges of alloHSCT is the prevention and treatment of severe forms of GVHD without losing the beneficial anti-tumour effects of the graft. [fr] : La maladie du greffon contre l’hôte («greffe-versus-hôte», GVH) aiguë et/ou chronique est une complication sérieuse de l’allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH). Elle correspond à des manifestations inflammatoires et/ou fibrotiques multisystémiques qui se produisent lorsque les cellules immunitaires dérivées de la greffe (et donc originaires du donneur) reconnaissent les tissus sains du receveur comme étrangers et réagissent contre eux. La GVH aiguë est l’une des principales causes de mortalité hors rechute post-greffe. La GVH chronique peut être très invalidante dans sa forme sévère et peut également être responsable d’une mortalité tardive, principalement due à un déficit immunitaire à long terme et à des infections opportunistes. À l’opposé, la GVH est associée à certains effets bénéfiques chez les patients transplantés pour des hémopathies malignes, par les effets simultanés favorables du «greffon contre la tumeur». Par conséquent, l’un des défis de l’allogreffe de CSH est la prévention et le traitement des formes sévères de GVH, sans perdre les effets bénéfiques anti-tumoraux du greffon.
Disciplines :
Hematology
Author, co-author :
BARZIN, Adrien ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service d'hématologie clinique
Geurten, Claire ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service de pédiatrie
WILLEMS, Evelyne ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service d'hématologie clinique
Baron, Frédéric ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service d'hématologie clinique
Beguin, Yves ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service d'hématologie clinique
Servais, Sophie ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service d'hématologie clinique
Language :
French
Title :
Maladie du greffon contre l’hôte aiguë et chronique après allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques.
Alternative titles :
[en] Acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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