Caterpillars consumed in Masi-Manimba territory (Kwilu), Democratic Republic of the Congo

Caterpillars are a favourite traditional food that potentially represents the largest proportion of total animal protein consumed by people in Masi-Manimba, Kwilu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. However, caterpillars are becoming increasingly scarce, with no inventory data existing for this region. This study aims to contribute to the valorisation of edible caterpillars in Masi-Manimba through their inventory and identification. A questionnaire was completed by 212 people representing the four main ethnic groups in the territory and seven peripheral sectors. The caterpillars were collected in 2020 and 2021 in the township. Eighty two species were listed by the four main ethnic groups but only 63 species were scientifically confirmed at least to the family level. The main family was Saturniidae, followed by Notodontidae and Sphingidae. The genus Imbrasia is the most represented in the territory. Overall, 46% of caterpillars are found in forests, 19% in savannah, and 35% across multiple habitats. Surveyed people considered 64% of caterpillars to be very tasty. Large numbers were harvested during the rainy season (November and January). Respondents observed that there has been a major decline in caterpillars, with just 22% of species being readily available. Due to this major decline in caterpillars, it is urgent to study their biology and relationship with food plants, to farm them successfully.