Article (Scientific journals)
Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Intervertebral Disc Cells.
Bermudez-Lekerika, Paola; Crump, Katherine B; Tseranidou, Sofia et al.
2022In Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 10, p. 924692
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Keywords :
GWAS; agent-based model (ABM); artificial intelligence–AI; catabolism; immune-privileged microenvironment; inflammation; intervertebral disc degeneration; low back pain; Developmental Biology; Cell Biology
Abstract :
[en] Low back pain is a highly prevalent, chronic, and costly medical condition predominantly triggered by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). IDD is often caused by structural and biochemical changes in intervertebral discs (IVD) that prompt a pathologic shift from an anabolic to catabolic state, affecting extracellular matrix (ECM) production, enzyme generation, cytokine and chemokine production, neurotrophic and angiogenic factor production. The IVD is an immune-privileged organ. However, during degeneration immune cells and inflammatory factors can infiltrate through defects in the cartilage endplate and annulus fibrosus fissures, further accelerating the catabolic environment. Remarkably, though, catabolic ECM disruption also occurs in the absence of immune cell infiltration, largely due to native disc cell production of catabolic enzymes and cytokines. An unbalanced metabolism could be induced by many different factors, including a harsh microenvironment, biomechanical cues, genetics, and infection. The complex, multifactorial nature of IDD brings the challenge of identifying key factors which initiate the degenerative cascade, eventually leading to back pain. These factors are often investigated through methods including animal models, 3D cell culture, bioreactors, and computational models. However, the crosstalk between the IVD, immune system, and shifted metabolism is frequently misconstrued, often with the assumption that the presence of cytokines and chemokines is synonymous to inflammation or an immune response, which is not true for the intact disc. Therefore, this review will tackle immunomodulatory and IVD cell roles in IDD, clarifying the differences between cellular involvements and implications for therapeutic development and assessing models used to explore inflammatory or catabolic IVD environments.
Disciplines :
Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology
Author, co-author :
Bermudez-Lekerika, Paola;  Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone and Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Crump, Katherine B;  Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone and Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Tseranidou, Sofia;  BCN MedTech, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Nüesch, Andrea;  Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
Kanelis, Exarchos;  ProtATonce Ltd., Athens, Greece ; School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
Alminnawi, Ahmad  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'aérospatiale et mécanique > Génie biomécanique ; Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Baumgartner, Laura;  BCN MedTech, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Muñoz-Moya, Estefano;  BCN MedTech, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Compte, Roger;  Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
Gualdi, Francesco;  Institut Hospital Del Mar D'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
Alexopoulos, Leonidas G;  ProtATonce Ltd., Athens, Greece ; School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
Geris, Liesbet  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'aérospatiale et mécanique > Génie biomécanique ; Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium ; Biomechanics Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Wuertz-Kozak, Karin;  Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States ; Spine Center, Schön Klinik München Harlaching Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg (Austria), Munich, Germany
Le Maitre, Christine L;  Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
Noailly, Jérôme;  BCN MedTech, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Gantenbein, Benjamin;  Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone and Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
More authors (6 more) Less
Language :
English
Title :
Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Intervertebral Disc Cells.
Publication date :
2022
Journal title :
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
eISSN :
2296-634X
Publisher :
Frontiers Media S.A., Switzerland
Volume :
10
Pages :
924692
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
EC - European Commission [BE]
Funding text :
Financial support was received from the Marie Skłodowska Curie International Training Network (ITN) “disc4all” ( https://disc4all.upf.edu , accessed on 10 May 2022) grant agreement #955735 ( https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/955735 , accessed on 10 May 2022).We thank the Marie Skłodowska Curie International Training Network (ITN) “disc4all” for financial support. Furthermore, we thank the entire disc4all consortium for enabling this review.
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since 21 December 2022

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