chemical binder; compressed earth blocks; compressive strength; high temperature; pozzolanic reaction; wetting–drying cycles; Architecture; Civil and Structural Engineering; Building and Construction; Automotive Engineering; Transportation; Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous); Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality; Safety Research; Computer Science Applications
Abstract :
[en] The environmental durability of earthen materials is among the main factors that limit their widespread acceptance in the contemporary building sector. This study assesses the performances of compressed earth blocks (CEBs) before and after exposure to the wetting–drying (WD) cycles and high temperature. The CEBs were produced from kaolinite-rich earth material stabilized with lime-rich residue (5%–25%) or the lime substituted with rice husk ash, lime:ash (20:0%–12:8%) or cement (4%–8%), with respect to the mass of dry earth. The CEBs were cured for 28–45 days and at the ambient temperature of a laboratory of 30±5°C and the moisture of production, necessary for the reactivity of the binders and improvement of the performances of CEBs. The CEBs were dried before testing their initial compressive strength. Their compressive strength was also tested after exposure to 12 cycles of wetting in water for 6 hours at 30±5°C and drying in the oven for 42 hours at 70±5°C. Additionally, it was tested after exposure to the elevated temperature of 150–600°C. After exposure to the WD cycles, the compressive strength of CEBs relatively increased, by up to 49% (4.6 to 6.8 MPa) for CEBs stabilized with lime (15%) and by up to 40% (4.4 to 6.2 MPa) with lime:ash (20:0%), with respect to their strength before the WD cycles. The maximum increase of the strength was observed for CEBs containing a higher amount of lime, related to the reaction of excess lime which resulted in the formation of more cementitious products and improvement of the strength of CEBs. Nevertheless, the compressive strength decreased by 55% (12.5 to 5.5 MPa) for the CEBs stabilized with cement (4%), resulting from the degradation of the initial cementitious products. However, the strength increased by up to 58% (4.2 to 6.6 MPa) for the CEBs stabilized with cement (8%) after exposure to 600°C. This implies that the stabilization of CEBs with lime-rich binder is more resilient to the WD cycles than cement. It also shows that the cement stabilized CEBs would at least retain their strength after exposure to high temperature.
Disciplines :
Civil engineering
Author, co-author :
Nshimiyimana, Philbert ; Université de Liège - ULiège ; Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats Durables, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement, Burkina Faso
Hema, Cesaire; Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats Durables, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement, Burkina Faso
Sore, Seick Omar; Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats Durables, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement, Burkina Faso ; Département Génie Civil de l’Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université Nazi BONI, Burkina Faso
Zoungrana, Ousmane ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Université de Liège - ULiège ; Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats Durables, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement, Burkina Faso
Messan, Adamah; Laboratoire Eco-Matériaux et Habitats Durables, Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement, Burkina Faso
Courard, Luc ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Matériaux de construction non métalliques du génie civil
Language :
English
Title :
DURABILITY PERFORMANCES OF COMPRESSED EARTH BLOCKS EXPOSED TO WETTING–DRYING CYCLES AND HIGH TEMPERATURE
Publication date :
20 September 2022
Event name :
WIT Transactions on The Built Environment
Event place :
Virtual, Online, Prt
Event date :
12-07-2022 => 14-07-2022
Audience :
International
Main work title :
Eco-Architecture IX: Harmonisation between Architecture and Nature
PRD Amélioration d ela qualité de l'habitat en BTC au Burkina Faso
Funders :
ARES CCD - Académie de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur. Coopération au Développement
Funding text :
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Académie de la Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur” of the “Fédération Wallonie – Bruxelles (Belgium) – Commission de la Coopération au Développement” (ARES-CCD) provided the financial support as part of an international research and development project “Amélioration de la qualité de l’habitat en terre crue au Burkina Faso (Improving the quality of earth-based habitats in Burkina Faso) PRD2016-2021”. Burkina Industrial Gas (BIG) is acknowledged for generously providing the lime residue. International Journal of Energy Production and Management; International Journal of Environmental Impacts; WIT Transactions on the Built Environment
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