Determination and analysis of time series of CFC-11 (CCl3F) from FTIR solar spectra, in situ observations, and model data in the past 20 years above Jungfraujoch (46°N), Lauder (45°S), and Cape Grim (40°S) stations
FTIR; CFC-11; NDACC; Trends; Stratospheric Ozone; Montreal Protocol
Abstract :
[en] The atmospheric concentration of CFC-11 (CCl3F) has declined in response to the phase-out of its production by the Montreal Protocol. Nevertheless, this atmospheric
concentration decline suffered a slow-down around 2012 due to emissions from non-reported production. Since CFC-11 is one of the most important ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), its continuous monitoring is essential. We present the CFC-11 total column time series (2000–2020) retrieved in a consistent way from groundbased
high-resolution solar absorption Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. These observations were recorded at two remote stations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): the Jungfraujoch station (Northern Hemisphere) and the Lauder station (Southern Hemisphere). These time series are new. They were produced using improved line parameters and merged considering the instrument changes and setup modifications. Afterwards, they were compared with Cape Grim station in situ surface observations conducted within the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) network and with total column datasets calculated by the TOMCAT/SLIMCAT 3-D chemical transport model. Trend analyses were performed, using an advanced statistical tool, in order to identify the timing and magnitude of the trend change in both hemispheres. The observations are consistent with the model results and confirm the slowdown in the CFC-11 atmospheric concentration decay, since ≈2011 in the Northern Hemisphere, and since ≈2014 in the Southern Hemisphere.
Mahieu, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe infra-rouge de physique atmosphérique et solaire (GIRPAS)
Chipperfield, Martyn P.; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK ; National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Smale, Dan; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Lauder, New Zealand
Hannigan, James W.; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80305-5602, USA
Friedrich, Marina; Department of Econometrics and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Fraser, Paul; Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia
Krummel, Paul ; Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia
Prignon, Maxime ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe infra-rouge de physique atmosphérique et solaire (GIRPAS) ; Department of Earth, Space and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
Makkor, Jamal; Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, 28359, Germany
Servais, Christian ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe infra-rouge de physique atmosphérique et solaire (GIRPAS)
Robinson, John; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Lauder, New Zealand
Language :
English
Title :
Determination and analysis of time series of CFC-11 (CCl3F) from FTIR solar spectra, in situ observations, and model data in the past 20 years above Jungfraujoch (46°N), Lauder (45°S), and Cape Grim (40°S) stations
F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [BE] ULiège - Université de Liège [BE] NERC - Natural Environment Research Council [GB] NSF - National Science Foundation [US-VA] [US-VA] BOM - Bureau of Meteorology [AU] MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology [US-MA] [US-MA] CSA - Canadian Space Agency [CA] CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Australia New Zealand's Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment Strategic Science Investment Fund. GAW-CH program (MeteoSwiss)
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