Drop-in biofuels production from microalgae to hydrocarbons: Microalgal cultivation and harvesting, conversion pathways, economics and prospects for aviation
[en] In the last few years, governments all around the world have agreed upon migrating towards carbon-neutral economies as a strategy for restraining the effects of climate change. A major obstacle limiting this achievement is greenhouse gases emissions, for which the aviation sector is a key contributor because of its dependence on fossil fuels. As an alternative, biofuels with similar characteristics to current fossil-fuels and fully compatible with the existing petroleum infrastructure (i.e., drop-in biofuels) are being developed. In this regard, microalgae are a promising feedstock thanks to, among other aspects, their potential for lipid accumulation. This review outlines the development status, opportunities, and challenges of different technologies that are capable of or applicable to transform microalgae into aviation fuels. To this effect, a baseline of the existing jet fuels and the requirements for potential aviation biofuels is initially presented. Then, microalgae production and valorization techniques are discussed with an emphasis on the thermochemical pathways. Finally, an assessment of the present techno-economic feasibility of microalgae-derived aviation fuels is discussed, along with the authors’ point of view on the suitability of these techniques. Further developments are needed to reduce the costs of cultivation and harvesting of microalgae, and a biorefinery approach might improve the economics of the overall process. In addition, while each of the conversion routes described has its advantages and drawbacks, they converge upon the need of optimizing the deoxygenation techniques and the proportion of the suitable type of hydrocarbons that match fuel requirements.
Breitenstein, Antoine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech > Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech
Nimmegeers, Philippe; UA - University of Antwerp [BE] > Department of Engineering Management ; UA - University of Antwerp [BE] > Faculty of Applied Engineering > Intelligence in Processes, Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS) ; VCCM, Flanders Make
Perez Saura, Pablo ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Integrative Biological Sciences (InBioS) ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la vie > Génétique et physiologie des microalgues
Hai, Bingxin; UAlberta - University of Alberta [CA] > Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science
Asomaning, Justice; UAlberta - University of Alberta [CA] > Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science
Alizadeh Eslami, Ali; Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) > Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN)
Billen, Peter; UA - University of Antwerp [BE] > Faculty of Applied Engineering > Intelligence in Processes, Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS)
Van Passel, Steven; UA - University of Antwerp [BE] > Department of Engineering Management ; VCCM, Flanders Make ; Nanolab Centre of Excellence
Bressler, David C.; UAlberta - University of Alberta [CA] > Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science
Debecker, Damien P.; Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) > Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN)
Remacle, Claire ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la vie > Génétique et physiologie des microalgues ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Integrative Biological Sciences (InBioS)
Richel, Aurore ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Smart Technologies for Food and Biobased Products (SMARTECH)
Drop-in biofuels production from microalgae to hydrocarbons: Microalgal cultivation and harvesting, conversion pathways, economics and prospects for aviation
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