Quantification of the Hardened Cement Paste Content in Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregates by Means of Salicylic Acid Dissolution

Zhao, Zengfeng; Xiao, Jianzhuang; Damidot, Denis; Rémond, Sébastien; Bulteel, David; Courard, Luc

doi:10.3390/ma15093384

Article (Scientific journals)

Quantification of the Hardened Cement Paste Content in Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregates by Means of Salicylic Acid Dissolution

Zhao, Zengfeng; Xiao, Jianzhuang; Damidot, Denis et al.

2022 • In Materials, 15 (9), p. 3384

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2268/292133

DOI
10.3390/ma15093384

Files (1)Send to Details Statistics Bibliography Similar publications

Files

Full Text

materials-15-03384 Zhao.pdf

Author postprint (4.58 MB)

Download

All documents in ORBi are protected by a user license.

Send to

RIS BibTex APA Chicago Permalink X Linkedin

Details

Keywords :

hardened cement paste content (HCPC); recycled concrete aggregates (RCA); salicylic acid; water absorption; X-ray Diffraction; density

Abstract :

[en] Adherent hardened cement paste attached to recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) generally presents a higher porosity than natural aggregates, which induces a lower porosity in the properties of RCA. The characterization of the adherent hardened cement paste content (HCPC) in the fine RCA would promote better applications of RCA in concrete, but the determination of HCPC in fine RCA is not well established. A simple method based on salicylic acid dissolution was specifically developed to quantify the HCPC in RCA, especially for RCA containing limestone aggregates. The results demonstrated that the soluble fraction in salicylic acid (SFSA) was equal to the HCPC for white cement and slightly lower for grey Portland cement, which was also confirmed by a theoretical approach using modelling the hydration of cement paste with the chemical equations and the stoichiometric ratios. The physical and mechanical properties of RCA (e.g., water absorption) were strongly correlated to the SFSA. For industrial RCA, SFSA did not give the exact value of HCPC, but it was sufficient to correlate HCPC with the other properties of RCA. The water absorption could be estimated with good accuracy for very fine RCA (laboratory-manufactured RCA or industrial RCA) by extrapolating the relationship between water absorption and HCPC, which is very important for concrete formulation.

Disciplines :

Civil engineering

Author, co-author :

Zhao, Zengfeng ; Tongji University > Department of Structural Engineering > Research Group for Recycled Concrete Structures and Construction

Xiao, Jianzhuang ; Tongji University > Department of Structural Engineering > Research Group for Recycled Concrete Structures and Construction

Damidot, Denis; IMT Nord Europe

Rémond, Sébastien; Université d'Orléans

Bulteel, David ; IMT Nord Europe

Courard, Luc ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Urban and Environmental Engineering

Language :

English

Title :

Quantification of the Hardened Cement Paste Content in Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregates by Means of Salicylic Acid Dissolution

Publication date :

09 May 2022

Journal title :

Materials

eISSN :

1996-1944

Publisher :

MDPI AG

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

3384

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Development Goals :

9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Additional URL :

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/9/3384/pdf

Funders :

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Available on ORBi :

since 13 June 2022

Statistics

Number of views

111 (3 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

97 (6 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

Bibliography

Eurostat Generation of Waste by Economic Activity. Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE Rev.2): Construction. Available online: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ten00106/default/bar?lang= en (accessed on 28 January 2022).
UEPG. European Aggregates Association—Annual Review 2019–2020; UEPG: Brussels, Belgium, 2020.
Xiao, J.; Li, W.; Fan, Y.; Huang, X. An overview of study on recycled aggregate concrete in China (1996–2011). Constr. Build. Mater. 2012, 31, 364–383. [CrossRef]
Zhao, Z.; Courard, L.; Groslambert, S.; Jehin, T.; Léonard, A.; Xiao, J. Use of recycled concrete aggregates from precast block for the production of new building blocks: An industrial scale study. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 2020, 157, 104786. [CrossRef]
Xiao, J.; Xie, H.; Zhang, C. Investigation on building waste and reclaim in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 2012, 61, 109–117. [CrossRef]
Batayneh, M.; Marie, I.; Asi, I. Use of selected waste materials in concrete mixes. Waste Manag. 2007, 27, 1870–1876. [CrossRef]
Zaharieva, R.; Buyle-Bodin, F.; Wirquin, E. Frost resistance of recycled aggregate concrete. Cem. Concr. Res. 2004, 34, 1927–1932. [CrossRef]
Etxeberria, M.; Vázquez, E.; Marí, A.; Barra, M. Influence of amount of recycled coarse aggregates and production process on properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Cem. Concr. Res. 2007, 37, 735–742. [CrossRef]
Katz, A. Properties of concrete made with recycled aggregate from partially hydrated old concrete. Cem. Concr. Res. 2003, 33, 703–711. [CrossRef]
Pedro, D.; de Brito, J.; Evangelista, L. Structural concrete with simultaneous incorporation of fine and coarse recycled concrete aggregates: Mechanical, durability and long-term properties. Constr. Build. Mater. 2017, 154, 294–309. [CrossRef]
Manzi, S.; Mazzotti, C.; Bignozzi, M.C. Short and long-term behavior of structural concrete with recycled concrete aggregate. Cem. Concr. Compos. 2013, 37, 312–318. [CrossRef]
Zhao, Z.; Remond, S.; Damidot, D.; Courard, L.; Michel, F. Improving the properties of recycled concrete aggregates by accelerated carbonation. Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Constr. Mater. 2018, 171, 126–132. [CrossRef]
Zhao, Z.; Courard, L.; Michel, F.; Remond, S.; Damidot, D. Influence of granular fraction and origin of recycled concrete aggregates on their properties. Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 2018, 22, 1457–1467. [CrossRef]
Kou, S.C.; Poon, C.S. Properties of concrete prepared with crushed fine stone, furnace bottom ash and fine recycled aggregate as fine aggregates. Constr. Build. Mater. 2009, 23, 2877–2886. [CrossRef]
Padmini, A.K.; Ramamurthy, K.; Mathews, M.S. Influence of parent concrete on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 2009, 23, 829–836. [CrossRef]
Hansen, T.C. Recycled aggregates and recycled aggregate concrete second state-of-the-art report developments 1945–1985. Mater. Struct. 1986, 19, 201–246. [CrossRef]
Kou, S.C.; Poon, C.S. Enhancing the durability properties of concrete prepared with coarse recycled aggregate. Constr. Build. Mater. 2012, 35, 69–76. [CrossRef]
Thomas, C.; Setién, J.; Polanco, J.A.; Alaejos, P.; De Juan, M.S. Durability of recycled aggregate concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 2013, 40, 1054–1065. [CrossRef]
Sagoe-Crentsil, K.K.; Brown, T.; Taylor, A.H. Performance of concrete made with commercially produced coarse recycled concrete aggregate. Cem. Concr. Res. 2001, 31, 707–712. [CrossRef]
Kwan, W.H.; Ramli, M.; Kam, K.J.; Sulieman, M.Z. Influence of the amount of recycled coarse aggregate in concrete design and durability properties. Constr. Build. Mater. 2012, 26, 565–573. [CrossRef]
Olorunsogo, F.T.; Padayachee, N. Performance of recycled aggregate concrete monitored by durability indexes. Cem. Concr. Res. 2002, 32, 179–185. [CrossRef]
Wagih, A.M.; El-Karmoty, H.Z.; Ebid, M.; Okba, S.H. Recycled construction and demolition concrete waste as aggregate for structural concrete. HBRC J. 2013, 9, 193–200. [CrossRef]
Khatib, J.M. Properties of concrete incorporating fine recycled aggregate. Cem. Concr. Res. 2005, 35, 763–769. [CrossRef]
Evangelista, L.; de Brito, J. Durability performance of concrete made with fine recycled concrete aggregates. Cem. Concr. Compos. 2010, 32, 9–14. [CrossRef]
de Juan, M.S.; Gutiérrez, P.A. Study on the influence of attached mortar content on the properties of recycled concrete aggregate. Constr. Build. Mater. 2009, 23, 872–877. [CrossRef]
Abbas, A.; Fathifazl, G.; Fournier, B.; Isgor, O.B.; Zavadil, R.; Razaqpur, A.G.; Foo, S. Quantification of the residual mortar content in recycled concrete aggregates by image analysis. Mater. Charact. 2009, 60, 716–728. [CrossRef]
Topçu, I.B.; Şengel, S. Properties of concretes produced with waste concrete aggregate. Cem. Concr. Res. 2004, 34, 1307–1312. [CrossRef]
Hansen, T.C.; Narud, H. Strength of recycled concrete made from crushed concrete coarse aggregate. Concr. Int. 1983, 5, 79–83.
Ulsen, C.; Contessotto, R.; dos Santos Macedo, R.; Kahn, H. Quantification of the cement paste and phase’s association in fine recycled aggregates by SEM-based image analysis. Constr. Build. Mater. 2022, 320, 126206. [CrossRef]
dos Santos Macedo, R.; Ulsen, C.; Mueller, A. Quantification of residual cement paste on recycled concrete aggregates containing limestone by selective dissolution. Constr. Build. Mater. 2019, 229, 116875. [CrossRef]
Yagishita, F.; Sano, M.; Yamada, M. Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Containing Recycled Coarse Aggregate. Demolition and Reuse of Concrete and Masonry; CRC Press: London, UK, 1994.
Nagataki, S.; Gokce, A.; Saeki, T.; Hisada, M. Assessment of recycling process induced damage sensitivity of recycled concrete aggregates. Cem. Concr. Res. 2004, 34, 965–971. [CrossRef]
Ulsen, C.; Tseng, E.; Angulo, S.C.; Landmann, M.; Contessotto, R.; Balbo, J.T.; Kahn, H. Concrete aggregates properties crushed by jaw and impact secondary crushing. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 2019, 8, 494–502. [CrossRef]
Lu, B.; Shi, C.; Zhang, J.; Wang, J. Effects of carbonated hardened cement paste powder on hydration and microstructure of Portland cement. Constr. Build. Mater. 2018, 186, 699–708. [CrossRef]
van de Wouw, P.M.F.; Florea, M.V.A.; Brouwers, H.J.H.J. Methods for determining and tracking the residual cement paste content of recycled concrete. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Sustainable Building Materials (ICSBM 2019), Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 12–15 August 2019; pp. 226–233.
Poon, C.S.; Shui, Z.H.; Lam, L.; Fok, H.; Kou, S.C. Influence of moisture states of natural and recycled aggregates on the slump and compressive strength of concrete. Cem. Concr. Res. 2004, 34, 31–36. [CrossRef]
Théréné, F.; Keita, E.; Nael-Redolfi, J.; Boustingorry, P.; Bonafous, L.; Roussel, N. Water absorption of recycled aggregates: Measurements, influence of temperature and practical consequences. Cem. Concr. Res. 2020, 137, 106196. [CrossRef]
Bouarroudj, M.E.; Rémond, S.; Bulteel, D.; Potier, G.; Michel, F.; Zhao, Z.; Courard, L. Use of grinded hardened cement pastes as mineral addition for mortars. J. Build. Eng. 2021, 34, 101863. [CrossRef]
Taboada, G.L.; Seruca, I.; Sousa, C.; Pereira, Á. Exploratory data analysis and data envelopment analysis of construction and demolitionwaste management in the European economic area. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4995. [CrossRef]
Zhang, C.; Hu, M.; Di Maio, F.; Sprecher, B.; Yang, X.; Tukker, A. An overview of the waste hierarchy framework for analyzing the circularity in construction and demolition waste management in Europe. Sci. Total Environ. 2022, 803, 149892. [CrossRef]
Fang, X.; Xuan, D.; Zhan, B.; Li, W.; Poon, C.S. A novel upcycling technique of recycled cement paste powder by a two-step carbonation process. J. Clean. Prod. 2021, 290, 125192. [CrossRef]
Zhao, Z.; Remond, S.; Damidot, D.; Xu, W. Influence of fine recycled concrete aggregates on the properties of mortars. Constr. Build. Mater. 2015, 81, 179–186. [CrossRef]
CEN EN 1097; Tests for Mechanical and Physical Properties of Aggregates-Part 6: Determination of Particle Density and Water Absorption. British Standard Institution: London, UK, 2014.
ASTM C 128; Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate. ASTM International: West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2004.
IFSTTAR Test N◦ 78; Tests on Granulates in Concrete: Measurement of Total Water Absorption of Crushed Sand. Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de L’améNagement et des Réseaux: Paris, France, 2011.
Djerbi Tegguer, A. Determining the water absorption of recycled aggregates utilizing hydrostatic weighing approach. Constr. Build. Mater. 2012, 27, 112–116. [CrossRef]
Tam, V.W.Y.; Gao, X.F.; Tam, C.M.; Chan, C.H. New approach in measuring water absorption of recycled aggregates. Constr. Build. Mater. 2008, 22, 364–369. [CrossRef]
CEN EN 197-1; Cement–Part 1: Composition, Specifications and Conformity Criteria for Common Cements. CEN: Brussels, Belgium, 2011.
Zhao, Z.; Remond, S.; Damidot, D.; Xu, W. Influence of hardened cement paste content on the water absorption of fine recycled concrete aggregates. J. Sustain. Cem. Mater. 2013, 2, 186–203. [CrossRef]
de Larrard, F.; Colina, H. The French National Project Recybéton: To Bring the Concrete World into Circular Economy. Available online: https://www.pnrecybeton.fr/en/(accessed on 9 April 2019).
Luke, K.; Glasser, F. Selective dissolution of hydrated blast furnace slag cements. Cem. Concr. Res. 1987, 17, 273–282. [CrossRef]
Gutteridge, W.A. On the dissolution of the interstitial phases in Portland cement. Cem. Concr. Res. 1979, 9, 319–324. [CrossRef]
Ohsawa, S.; Asaga, K.; Goto, S.; Daimon, M. Quantitative determination of fly ash in the hydrated fly ash—CaSO4·2H2O-Ca(OH)2 system. Cem. Concr. Res. 1985, 15, 357–366. [CrossRef]
Zhao, Z. Re-Use of Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregates for the Manufacture of Mortars. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Lille, Lille, France, 2014.
CEN EN 196; Methods of testing cement–Part 1: Determination of strength. European Committee for Standardization. CEN: Brussels, Belgium, 2005.
Zhao, Z.; Remond, S.; Damidot, D.; Courard, L. Toward the quantification of the cement paste content of fine recycled concrete aggregates by salicylic acid dissolution corrected by a theoretical approach. In Proceedings of the 14th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement, Beijing, China, 13 October 2015.
Thiery, M.; Villain, G.; Dangla, P.; Platret, G. Investigation of the carbonation front shape on cementitious materials: Effects of the chemical kinetics. Cem. Concr. Res. 2007, 37, 1047–1058. [CrossRef]
Shi, Z.; Lothenbach, B.; Geiker, M.R.; Kaufmann, J.; Leemann, A.; Ferreiro, S.; Skibsted, J. Experimental studies and thermodynamic modeling of the carbonation of Portland cement, metakaolin and limestone mortars. Cem. Concr. Res. 2016, 88, 60–72. [CrossRef]
Grabiec, A.M.; Klama, J.; Zawal, D.; Krupa, D. Modification of recycled concrete aggregate by calcium carbonate biodeposition. Constr. Build. Mater. 2012, 34, 145–150. [CrossRef]
Ngala, V.T.; Page, C.L. Effects of carbonation on pore structure and diffusional properties of hydrated cement pastes. Cem. Concr. Res. 1997, 27, 995–1007. [CrossRef]
Lawrence, R.M.; Mays, T.J.; Rigby, S.P.; Walker, P.; D’Ayala, D. Effects of carbonation on the pore structure of non-hydraulic lime mortars. Cem. Concr. Res. 2007, 37, 1059–1069. [CrossRef]