Biodiversity; Blue economy; Ecological forecasting; Essential ocean variables; Marine biological data; Sustainable; Aquatic Science; Environmental Science (all); Economics and Econometrics; Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law; Law; General Environmental Science
Abstract :
[en] Marine biodiversity is a fundamental characteristic of our planet that depends on and influences climate, water quality, and many ocean state variables. It is also at the core of ecosystem services that can make or break economic development in any region. Our purpose is to highlight the need for marine biological observations to inform science and conservation management and to support the blue economy. We provide ten recommendations, applicable now, to measure and forecast biological Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) as part of economic monitoring efforts. The UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030) provides a timely opportunity to implement these recommendations to benefit humanity and enable the USD 3 trillion global ocean economy expected by 2030.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Estes, Maurice ; University of Alabama in Huntsville/NASA Ecological Forecasting Program, Huntsville, United States
Anderson, Clarissa ; Scripps Institution of Oceanography/Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System, United States
Appeltans, Ward; Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, IOC Project Office for IODE, Oostende, Belgium
Bax, Nic ; CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Bednaršek, Nina; Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, United States
Canonico, Gabrielle ; NOAA, US Integrated Ocean Observing System, Silver Spring, United States
Djavidnia, Samy; GEO Blue Planet and European Maritime Safety Agency, Lisbon, Portugal
Escobar, Elva; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Ciencias del Mary Limnología, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
Grégoire, Marilaure ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS)
Hazen, Elliott; NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Environmental Research Division, Monterey, United States
Kavanaugh, Maria; College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, United States
Lejzerowicz, Franck; Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
Lombard, Fabien; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche,Villefranche-sur-Mer, France, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
Miloslavich, Patricia ; Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR), College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of Delaware, Newark, United States
Möller, Klas O.; Institute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany
Monk, Jacquomo ; Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Montes, Enrique; University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, Saint Petersburg, United States
Moustahfid, Hassan ; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Integrated Ocean Observing System, Silver Spring, United States
Muelbert, Monica M.C.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMar/UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
Muller-Karger, Frank; University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, Saint Petersburg, United States
Peavey Reeves, Lindsey E.; NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries and National Marine Sanctuary Foundation, Silver Spring, United States
Satterthwaite, Erin V.; California Sea Grant, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, SanDiego, La Jolla, CA, United States and National Center for Ecological Analysisand Synthesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States
Schmidt, Jörn O.; International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Science Committee, Copenhagen V, Denmark
Sequeira, Ana M.M.; UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
Turner, Woody; Earth Science Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, United States
Weatherdon, Lauren V.; UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
NSF - National Science Foundation [US-VA] [US-VA] NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration [US-DC] [US-DC] NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [US-DC] [US-DC] CAR - Center for Automotive Research [US-MI] [US-MI]
Funding text :
We are grateful for the support of the NASA Applied Sciences Office, Biodiversity & Ecological Forecasting Program to Maurice G. Estes, Jr, Grant NNM11AA01A, for funding support for the Ecosystem Health and Biodiversity session at OceanObs19, manuscript preparation and publication charges. Frank Muller-Karger and Enrique Montes received partial support from NOAA Grant NA19NOS0120199, NASA Grants NNX14AP62A and 80NSSC20K0017, NSF Grants 1762493 and 1728913 and the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System. Ana M.M. Sequeira was supported by a 2020 Pew Fellowship in Marine Conservation and an ARC DP210103091. Jacquomo Monk and Nina Bednar?ek were supported by the Australian Government's National Environmental Science Program Marine Biodiversity Hub. The authors also appreciate the support from colleagues that contributed to the manuscript content and provided editorial suggestions including; Margaret Leinen/Scripps Institute of Oceanography, Minhan Dai/Xiamen University, Nick Rome/Consortium for Ocean Leadership, Mitch Roffer/retired ? Roffers Ocean Forecasting and Fishing Service, Brendal Townsend/Dalhousie University, Gary Geller/NASA Applied Sciences, Sophie Clayton/Old Dominion University, Raphael Kudela/University of California, Santa Cruz, David Obura/Coastal Oceans Research and Development ? Indian Ocean, Emmett Duffy/Smithsonian's Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, Emmanuel Boss/University of Maine and Carlo Fezzi/University of Trento. This is the first publication of the UN Decade Program ? Marine Life 2030 (ML2030/1).We are grateful for the support of the NASA Applied Sciences Office, Biodiversity & Ecological Forecasting Program to Maurice G. Estes, Jr, Grant NNM11AA01A , for funding support for the Ecosystem Health and Biodiversity session at OceanObs19, manuscript preparation and publication charges. Frank Muller-Karger and Enrique Montes received partial support from NOAA Grant NA19NOS0120199 , NASA Grants NNX14AP62A and 80NSSC20K0017 , NSF Grants 1762493 and 1728913 and the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System. Ana M.M. Sequeira was supported by a 2020 Pew Fellowship in Marine Conservation and an ARC DP210103091 . Jacquomo Monk and Nina Bednaršek were supported by the Australian Government’s National Environmental Science Program Marine Biodiversity Hub . The authors also appreciate the support from colleagues that contributed to the manuscript content and provided editorial suggestions including; Margaret Leinen/Scripps Institute of Oceanography, Minhan Dai/Xiamen University, Nick Rome/Consortium for Ocean Leadership, Mitch Roffer/retired – Roffers Ocean Forecasting and Fishing Service, Brendal Townsend/Dalhousie University, Gary Geller/NASA Applied Sciences, Sophie Clayton/Old Dominion University, Raphael Kudela/University of California, Santa Cruz, David Obura/Coastal Oceans Research and Development – Indian Ocean, Emmett Duffy/Smithsonian’s Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, Emmanuel Boss/University of Maine and Carlo Fezzi/University of Trento. This is the first publication of the UN Decade Program – Marine Life 2030 (ML2030/1).
Golden, J.S., Virdin, J., Nowacek, D., Halpin, P., Bennear, L., Patil, P.G., Making sure the blue economy is green. Nat. Ecol. Evol., 1, 2017, 17, 10.1038/s41559-016-0017.
OECD, Rethinking Innovation for a Sustainable Ocean Economy. 2019, OECD Publishing, Paris, 10.1787/9789264311053-en.
Leach, K., Grigg, A., O'Connor, B., Brown, C., Vause, J., Gheyssens, J., Weatherdon, L., Halle, M., Burgess, N.D., Fletcher, R., Bekker, S., King, S., Jones, M., A common framework of natural capital assets for use in public and private sector decision making. Ecosyst. Serv., 36, 2019, 100899, 10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.100899.
Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, IPBES. Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services (Version summary for policy makers). Zenodo, 2019. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3553579.
FAO, The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in Action, 2020, FAO, Rome, 10.4060/ca9229en.
IPCC, IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, M. Tignor, E. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Nicolai, A. Okem, J. Petzold, B. Rama, N.M. Weyer (eds.)], 2019.
Levin, L.A., Amon, D.J., Lily, H., Challenges to the sustainability of deep-seabed mining. Nat. Sustain. 3 (2020), 784–794.
Ryabinin, V., The UN decade of ocean science for sustainable development. Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00470.
Bax, N.J., Miloslavich, P., Muller-Karger, F.E., Allain, V., Appeltans, W., Batten, S.D., Benedetti-Cecchi, L., Buttigieg, P.L., Chiba, S., Costa, D.P., Duffy, J.E., Dunn, D.C., Johnson, C.R., Kudela, R.M., Obura, D., Rebelo, L.M., Shin, Y.J., Simmons, S.E., Tyack, P.L., A response to scientific and societal needs for marine biological observations. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(395), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00395.
Canonico, G., Buttigieg, P.L., Montes, E., Muller-Karger, F.E., Stepien, C., Wright, D., Benson, A., Helmuth, B., Costello, M., Sousa-Pinto, I., Saeedi, H., Newton, J., Appeltans, W., Bednaršek, N., Bodrossy, L., Best, B.D., Brandt, A., Goodwin, K.D., Iken, K., Marques, A.C., Miloslavich, P., Ostrowski, M., Turner, W., Achterberg, E.P., Barry, T., Defeo, O., Bigatti, G., Henry, L.A., Ramiro-Sánchez, B., Durán, P., Morato, T., Roberts, J.M., García-Alegre, A., Cuadrado, M.S., Murton, B., Global observational needs and resources for marine biodiversity. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(367), 2019 〈https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00367〉.
Mackenzie, B., Celliers, L., Assad, L.P.F., Heymans, J.J., Rome, N., Thomas, J., Anderson, C., Behrens, J., Calverley, M., Desai, K., DiGiacomo, P.M., Djavidnia, S., dos Santos, F., Eparkhina, D., Ferrari, J., Hanly, C., Houtman, B., Jeans, G., Landau, L., Larkin, K., Legler, D., Le Traon, P.Y., Lindstrom, E., Loosley, D., Nolan, G., Petihakis, G., Pellegrini, J., Roberts, Z., Siddorn, J.R., Smail, E., Sousa-Pinto, I., Terrill, E., The role of stakeholders in creating societal value from coastal and ocean observations. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(137), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00137.
Miloslavich, P., Bax, N.J., Simmons, S.E., Klein, E., Appeltans, W., Aburto-Oropeza, O., Andersen Garcia, M., Batten, S.D., Benedetti-Cecchi, L., Checkley, D.M., Chiba, S., Duffy, J.E., Dunn, D.C., Fischer, A., Gunn, J., Kudela, R., Marsac, F., Muller-Karger, F.E., Obura, D., Shin, Y.J., Essential ocean variables for global sustained observations of biodiversity and ecosystem changes. Glob. Change Biol. 24:6 (2018), 2416–2433, 10.1111/gcb.14108.
GOOS, The Global Ocean Observing System 2030 Strategy. IOC, Paris, 2019, IOC Brochure 2019–5 (IOC/BRO/2019/5 rev.2), GOOS Report No.239, 2019.
Tanhua, T., McCurdy, A., Fischer, A., Appeltans, W., Bax, N., Currie, K., et al. What we have learned from the framework for ocean observing: evolution of the global ocean observing system. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(AUG), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00471.
Pearlman, J., Bushnell, M., Coppola, L., Karstensen, J., Buttigieg, P.L., Pearlman, F., Simpson, P., Barbier, M., Muller-Karger, F.E., Munoz-Mas, C., Pissierssens, P., Chandler, C., Hermes, J., Heslop, E., Jenkyns, R., Achterberg, E.P., Bensi, M., Bittig, H.C., Blandin, J., Bosch, J., Bourles, B., Bozzano, R., Buck, J., Burger, E.F., Cano, D., Cardin, V., Llorens, M.C., Cianca, A., Chen, H., Cusack, C., Delory, E., Garello, R., Giovanetti, G., Harscoat, V., Hartman, S., Heitsenrether, R., Jirka, S., Lara-Lopez, A., Lantéri, N., Leadbetter, A., Manzella, G., Maso, J., McCurdy, A., Moussat, E., Ntoumas, M., Pensieri, S., Petihakis, G., Pinardi, N., Pouliquen, S., Przeslawski, R., Roden, N.P., Silke, J., Tamburri, M.N., Tang, H., Tanhua, T., Telszewski, M., Testor, P., Thomas, J., Waldmann, C., Whoriskey, F., Evolving and sustaining ocean best practices and standards for the next decade. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(277), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00277.
Benson, A., Brooks, C.M., Canonico, G., Duffy, E., Muller-Karger, F., Sosik, H.M., Miloslavich, P., Klein, E., Integrated observations and informatics improve understanding of changing marine ecosystems. Front. Mar. Sci., 5(428), 2018, 10.3389/fmars.2018.00428.
Wilkinson, M.D., Dumontier, M., Aalbersberg, I.J., Appleton, G., Axton, M., Baak, A., Blomberg, N., Boiten, J.W., da Silva Santos, L.B., Bourne, P.E., Bouwman, J., Brookes, A.J., Clark, T., Crosas, M., Dillo, I., Dumon, O., Edmunds, S., Evelo, C.T., Finkers, R., Gonzalez-Beltran, A., Gray, A.J., Groth, P., Goble, C., Grethe, J.S., Heringa, J., 't Hoen, P.A., Hooft, R., Kuhn, T., Kok, R., Kok, J., Lusher, S.J., Martone, M.E., Mons, A., Packer, A.L., Persson, B., Rocca-Serra, P., Roos, M., van Schaik, R., Sansone, S.A., Schultes, E., Sengstag, T., Slater, T., Strawn, G., Swertz, M.A., Thompson, M., van der Lei, J., van Mulligen, E., Velterop, J., Waagmeester, A., Wittenburg, P., Wolstencroft, K., Zhao, J., Mons, B., The FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship. Sci. Data, 3, 2016, 160018, 10.1038/sdata.2016.18.
Boss, E., Waite, A., Muller‐Karger, F., Yamazaki, H., Wanninkhof, R., Uitz, J., Thomalla, S., Sosik, H., Sloyan, B., Richardson, A., Miloslavich, P., Karstensen, J., Grégori, G., Fennel, K., Claustre, H., Cornejo, M., Berman‐Frank, I., Batten, S., Acinas, S., Beyond chlorophyll fluorescence: the time is right to expand biological measurements in ocean observing programs. Limnol. Oceanogr. Bull. 27 (2018), 89–90, 10.1002/lob.10243.
Lombard, F., Boss, E., Waite, A.M., Vogt, M., Uitz, J., Stemmann, L., Sosik, H.M., Schulz, J., Romagnan, J.B., Picheral, M., Pearlman, J., Ohman, M.D., Niehoff, B., Möller, K.O., Miloslavich, P., Lara-Lpez, A., Kudela, R., Lopes, R.M., Kiko, R., Karp-Boss, L., Jaffe, J.S., Iversen, M.H., Irisson, J.O., Fennel, K., Hauss, H., Guidi, L., Gorsky, G., Giering, S., Gaube, P., Gallager, S., Dubelaar, G., Cowen, R.K., Carlotti, F., Briseño-Avena, C., Berline, L., Benoit-Bird, K., Bax, N., Batten, S., Ayata, S.D., Artigas, L.F., Appeltans, W., Globally consistent quantitative observations of planktonic ecosystems. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(196), 2019.
SCOR WG 154, Recommendations for plankton measurements on the GO-SHIP program with relevance to other sea-going expeditions. SCOR Working Group 154 GO-SHIP Report. Sci. Comm. Ocean. Res., 2020, 70, 10.25607/OBP-718.
Pendleton, L., Evans, K., Visbeck, M., Opinion: We need a global movement to transform ocean science for a better world. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 117:18 (2020), 9652–9655, 10.1073/pnas.2005485117.
Brett, A., Leape, J., Abbott, M., Sakaguchi, H., Cao, L., Chand, K., Golbuu, Y., Martin, T.J., Mayorga, J., Myksvoll, M.S., Ocean data need a sea change to help navigate the warming world. Nature 582 (2020), 181–183, 10.1038/d41586-020-01668-z.
Muller-Karger, F.E., Miloslavich, P., Bax, N., Simmons, S., Costello, M.J., Pinto, I.S., et al. Advancing marine biological observations and data requirements of the complementary Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) and Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) frameworks. Front. Mar. Sci., 5(JUN), 2018, 10.3389/fmars.2018.00211.
Schmidt, J.O., Bograd, S.J., Arrizabalaga, H., Azevedo, J.L., Barbeaux, S.J., Barth, J.A., Boyer, T., Brodie, S., Cárdenas, J.J., Cross, S., Druon, J.N., Fransson, A., Hartog, J., Hazen, E.L., Hobday, A., Jacox, M., Karstensen, J., Kupschus, S., Lopez, J., Madureira, L., Martinelli Filho, J.E., Miloslavich, P., Santos, C.P., Scales, K., Speich, S., Sullivan, M.B., Szoboszlai, A., Tommasi, D., Wallace, D., Zador, S., Zawislak, P.A., Future ocean observations to connect climate, fisheries and marine ecosystems. Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00550.
Falkowski, P.G., Barber, R.T., Smetacek, V., Biogeochemical controls and feedbacks on ocean primary production. Science 281:200 (1998), 200–207, 10.1126/science.281.5374.200.
J. Beardall, S. Slobodanka, S. Larsen, 2009, Living in a high CO2 world: impacts of global climate change on marine phytoplankton, Plant Ecology & Diversity, 2:2, 2009: pp. 191–205, DOI: 10.1080/17550870903271363.
Murphy, G.E.P., Romanuk, T.N., Worm, B., Cascading effects of climate change on plankton community structure. Ecol. Evol. 10:4 (2020), 2170–2181, 10.1002/ece3.6055.
Breitburg, D., Levin, L.A., Oschlies, A., Grégoire, M., Chavez, F.P., Conley, D.J., Garçon, V., Gilbert, D., Gutiérrez, D., Isensee, K., Jacinto, G.S., Limburg, K.E., Montes, I., Naqvi, S., Pitcher, G.C., Rabalais, N.N., Roman, M.R., Rose, K.A., Seibel, B.A., Telszewski, M., Yasuhara, M., Zhang, J., Declining oxygen in the global ocean and coastal waters. Science, 359, 2018, 10.1126/science.aam7240 eaam7240.
World Economic Forum, 2018. 〈https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/dead-zones-in-our-oceans-have-increased-dramatically-since-1950-and-we-re-to-blame/〉.
Platt, T., Fuentes-Yaco, C., Frank, K., Spring algal bloom and larval fish survival. Nature 423 (2003), 398–399.
Asch, R.G., Stock, C.A., Sarmiento, J.L., Climate change impacts on mismatches between phytoplankton blooms and fish spawning phenology. Glob. Change Biol. 25 (2019), 2544–2559, 10.1111/gcb.14650.
Grémillet, D., Boulinier, T., Spatial ecology and conservation of seabirds facing global climate change: a review. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 391 (2009), 121–137, 10.3354/meps08212.
Pendleton, D., Pershing, A., Brown, M., Mayo, C., Kenney, R., Record, N., Cole, T., Regional-scale mean copepod concentration indicates relative abundance of North Atlantic right whales. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 378 (2009), 211–225, 10.3354/meps07832.
FAO, Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 361. Edited by Patrick Lavens and Patrick Sorgeloos, 1996. ISBN 92–5-103934–8. 〈http://www.fao.org/3/W3732E/w3732e00.htm〉.
Anderson, C.R., Berdalet, E., Kudela, R.M., Cusack, C.K., Silke, J., O'Rourke, E., et al. Scaling up from regional case studies to a global harmful algal bloom observing system. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(250), 2019 DOI=10.3389/fmars.2019.00250 (2019).
Pauly, D., Zeller, D., Catch reconstructions reveal that global marine fisheries catches are higher than reported and declining. Nat. Commun., 7(10244), 2016, 10244.
D. Pauly, D. Zeller, M.L.D. Palomares (Editors), Sea Around Us Concepts, Design and Data (seaaroundus.org), 2020.
Stuart-Smith, R.D., Brown, C.J., Ceccarelli, D.M., Edgar, G.J., Ecosystem restructuring along the Great Barrier Reef following mass coral bleaching. Nature 560 (2018), 92–96, 10.1038/s41586-018-0359-9.
Heather, F.J., Blanchard, J.L., Edgar, G.J., Trebilco, R., Stuart-Smith, R.D., ‘Globally consistent reef size spectra integrating fishes and invertebrates’. Ecol. Lett. 24:3 (2021), 572–579, 10.1111/ele.13661.
Strain, E.M.A., Edgar, G.J., Ceccarelli, D., Stuart-Smith, R.D., Hosack, G.R., Thomson, R.J., A global assessment of the direct and indirect benefits of marine protected areas for coral reef conservation. Divers. Distrib., 2018, 10.1111/ddi.12838.
D. Checkley, Y. Shin, Essential Ocean Variables (EOV) for Biology and Ecosystems: Fish abundance and distribution. Last updated Version 2017.02.07, 2017. 〈https://www.goosocean.org/components/com_oe/oe.php?task=download&id=38714&version=1.0&lang=1&format=1〉.
Mazzoldi, C., Bearzi, G., Brito, C., Carvalho, I., Desiderà, E., Endrizzi, L., From sea monsters to charismatic megafauna: changes in perception and use of large marine animals. PLOS One, 14, 2019, 0226810, 10.1371/journal.pone.0226810.
Vianna, G.M.S., Meekan, M.G., Rogers, A.A., Kragt, M.E., Alin, J.M., Zimmerhackel, J.S., Shark-diving tourism as a financing mechanism for shark conservation strategies in Malaysia. Mar. Policy 94 (2018), 220–226, 10.1016/j.marpol.2018.05.008.
Harcourt, R., Sequeira, A.M.M., Zhang, X., Roquet, F., Komatsu, K., Heupel, M., McMahon, C., Whoriskey, F., Meekan, M., Carroll, G., Brodie, S., Simpfendorfer, C., Hindell, M., Jonsen, I., Costa, D.P., Block, B., Muelbert, M., Woodward, B., Weise, M., Aarestrup, K., Biuw, M., Boehme, L., Bograd, S.J., Cazau, D., Charrassin, J.B., Cooke, S.J., Cowley, P., de Bruyn, P., Jeanniard du Dot, T., Duarte, C., Eguíluz, V.M., Ferreira, L.C., Fernández-Gracia, J., Goetz, K., Goto, Y., Guinet, C., Hammill, M., Hays, G.C., Hazen, E.L., Hückstädt, L.A., Huveneers, C., Iverson, S., Jaaman, S.A., Kittiwattanawong, K., Kovacs, K.M., Lydersen, C., Moltmann, T., Naruoka, M., Phillips, L., Picard, B., Queiroz, N., Reverdin, G., Sato, K., Sims, D.W., Thorstad, E.B., Thums, M., Treasure, A.M., Trites, A.W., Williams, G.D., Yonehara, Y., Fedak, M.A., Animal-borne telemetry: an integral component of the ocean observing toolkit. Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 2019.
Sequeira, A.M.M., O'Toole, M., Keates, T.R., McDonnell, L.H., Braun, C.D., Hoenner, X., Jaine, F., Jonsen, I.D., Newman, P., Pye, J., Bograd, S.J., Hays, G.C., Hazen, E.L., Holland, M., Tsontos, V.M., Blight, C., Cagnacci, F., Davidson, S.C., Dettki, H., Duarte, C.M., Dunn, D.C., Eguíluz, V.M., Fedak, M., Gleiss, A.C., Hammerschlag, N., Hindell, M.A., Holland, K., Janekovic, I., McKinzie, M.K., Muelbert, M., Pattiaratchi, C., Rutz, C., Sims, D.W., Simmons, S.E., Townsend, B., Whoriskey, F., Woodward, B., Costa, D.P., Heupel, M.R., McMahon, C.R., Harcourt, R., Weise, M., A standardisation framework for bio-logging data to advance ecological research and conservation. Methods Ecol. Evol. 12 (2021), 996–1007, 10.1111/2041-210X.13593.
Tyack, P.L., Developing an essential ocean variable for the acoustic environment. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 141, 2017, 3525, 10.1121/1.4987432.
Mooney, T.A., Di Iorio, L., Lammers, M., Lin, T.-H., Nedelec, S.L., Parsons, M., Radford, C., Urban, E., Stanley, J., Listening forward: approaching marine biodiversity assessments using acoustic methods. R. Soc. Open Sci., 7, 2020, 201287, 10.1098/rsos.201287.
Monczak, A., McKinney, B., Mueller, C., Montie, E.W., What's all that racket! Soundscapes, phenology, and biodiversity in estuaries. PLoS ONE, 15(9), 2020, 0236874, 10.1371/journal.pone.0236874.
Pieretti, N., Lo Martire, M., Farina, A., Danovaro, R., Marine soundscape as an additional biodiversity monitoring tool: a case study from the Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Ecol. Indic. 83 (2017), 13–20, 10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.07.011.
Duarte, C.M., Chapuis, L., Collin, S.P., Costa, D.P., Devassy, R.P., Eguiluz, V.M., Erbe, C., Gordon, T., Halpern, B.S., Harding, H.R., Havlik, M.N., Meekan, M., Merchant, N.D., Miksis-Olds, J.L., Parsons, M., Predragovic, M., Radford, A.N., Radford, C.A., Simpson, S.D., Slabbekoorn, H., Staaterman, E., Van Opzeeland, I.C., Winderen, J., Zhang, X., Juanes, F., The soundscape of the Anthropocene ocean. Science, 371, 2021, 10.1126/science.aba4658.
Roca, I.T., Opzeeland, I.V., Using acoustic metrics to characterize underwater acoustic biodiversity in the Southern Ocean. Remote Sens. Ecol. Conserv., 6, 2020, 262–273 〈https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/rse2.129〉.
Levin, L.A., Bett, B.J., Gates, A.R., Heimbach, P., Howe, B.M., Janssen, F., McCurdy, A., Ruhl, H.A., Snelgrove, P., Stocks, K.I., Bailey, D., Baumann-Pickering, S., Beaverson, C., Benfield, M.C., Booth, D.J., Carreiro-Silva, M., Colaço, A., Eblé, M.C., Fowler, A.M., Gjerde, K.M., Jones, D., Katsumata, K., Kelley, D., Le Bris, N., Leonardi, A.P., Lejzerowicz, F., Macreadie, P.I., McLean, D., Meitz, F., Morato, T., Netburn, A., Pawlowski, J., Smith, C.R., Sun, S., Uchida, H., Vardaro, M.F., Venkatesan, R., Weller, R.A., Global observing needs in the deep ocean. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(241), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00241.
Benoit-Bird, K.J., Gareth, L.L., Ecological insights from pelagic habitats acquired using active acoustic techniques. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 8:1 (2016), 463–490, 10.1146/annurev-marine-122414-034001.
Benoit-Bird, K.J., Patrick Welch, T., Waluk, C.M., Barth, J.A., Wangen, I., McGill, P., et al. Equipping an underwater glider with a new echosounder to explore ocean ecosystems. Limnol. Oceano Methods 16 (2018), 734–749, 10.1002/lom3.10278.
Gottesman, B., Sprague, J., Kushner, D., Bellisario, K., Savage, D., McKenna, M., Conlin, D.L., DiDonato, E., Barkaszi, M.J., Halvorsen, M.B., Pijanowski, B.C., Soundscapes indicate kelp forest condition. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 654 (2020), 35–52, 10.3354/meps13512.
Ryan, J.P., Joseph, J.E., Margolina, T., Hatch, L.T., Azzara, A., Reyes, A., Southall, B.L., DeVogelaere, A., Peavey Reeves, L.E., Zhang, Y., Cline, D.E., Jones, B., McGill, P., Baumann-Pickering, S., Stimpert, A.K., Reduction of low-frequency vessel noise in monterey bay national marine sanctuary during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front. Mar. Sci., 8, 2021, 10.3389/fmars.2021.656566.
Howe, B.M., Miksis-Olds, J., Rehm, E., Sagen, H., Worcester, P.F., Haralabus, G., Observing the oceans acoustically. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(426), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00426.
Lamarche, G., Lurton, X., Recommendations for improved and coherent acquisition and processing of backscatter data from seafloor-mapping sonars. Mar. Geophys Res. 39 (2018), 5–22, 10.1007/s11001-017-9315-6.
Mayer, L., Jakobsson, M., Allen, G., Dorschel, B., Falconer, R., Ferrini, V., Lamarche, G., Snaith, H., Weatherall, P., The Nippon Foundation—GEBCO Seabed 2030 project: the quest to see the world's oceans completely mapped by 2030. Geosciences, 8(2), 2018, 63.
Duffy, J.E., Benedetti-Cecchi, L., Trinanes, J., Muller-Karger, F.E., Ambo-Rappe, R., Boström, C., Buschmann, A.H., Byrnes, J., Coles, R.G., Creed, J., Cullen-Unsworth, L.C., Diaz-Pulido, G., Duarte, C.M., Edgar, G.J., Fortes, M., Goni, G., Hu, C., Huang, X., Hurd, C.L., Johnson, C., Konar, B., Krause-Jensen, D., Krumhansl, K., Macreadie, P., Marsh, H., McKenzie, L.J., Mieszkowska, N., Miloslavich, P., Montes, E., Nakaoka, M., Norderhaug, K.M., Norlund, L.M., Orth, R.J., Prathep, A., Putman, N.F., Samper-Villarreal, J., Serrao, E.A., Short, F., Pinto, I.S., Steinberg, P., Stuart-Smith, R., Unsworth, R., van Keulen, M., van Tussenbroek, B.I., Wang, M., Waycott, M., Weatherdon, L.V., Wernberg, T., Yaakub, S.M., Toward a coordinated global observing system for seagrasses and marine macroalgae. Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00317.
United Nations Environment Programme. Emissions Gap Report 2020. Nairobi, 2020.
Costanza, R., Pérez-Maqueo, O., Martinez, M.L., Sutton, P., Anderson, S.J., Mulder, K., The value of coastal wetlands for hurricane protection. AMBIO: A J. Hum. Environ. 37:4 (2008), 241–248, 10.1579/0044-7447(2008)37[241:TVOCWF]2.0.CO;2.
Wernberg, T., Krumhansl, K., Filbee-Dexter, K., Pedersen, M.F., Status and trends for the world's kelp forests. Sheppard, C., (eds.) World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation., 2019, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 57–78.
Dugan, J., Maciel, J.E., et al. Marine Macrophytes. 2019, Excelic Press, Lewes, DE.
Ortega, A., Geraldi, N.R., Alam, I., Kamau, A.A., Acinas, S.G., Logares, R., Gasol, J.M., Massana, R., Krause-Jensen, D., Duarte, C.M., Important contribution of macroalgae to oceanic carbon sequestration. Nat. Geosci. 12 (2019), 748–754, 10.1038/s41561-019-0421-8.
Wang, M., Hu, C., Barnes, B.B., Mitchum, G., Lapointe, B., Montoya, J.P., The great Atlantic Sargassum belt. Science 365 (2019), 83–87.
Johns, E.M., Lumpkin, R., Putman, N.F., Smith, R.H., Muller-Karger, F.E., Rueda-Roa, D.T., et al. The establishment of a pelagic Sargassum population in the tropical Atlantic: biological consequences of a basin-scale long distance dispersal event. Prog. Oceanogr., 2020, 10.1016/j.pocean.2020.102269.
Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Reviving the Ocean Economy: the Case for Action - 2015. 2015, WWF International, Gland, Geneva, 60.
Obura, D.O., Aeby, G., Amornthammarong, N., Appeltans, W., Bax, N., Bishop, J., Brainard, R.E., Chan, S., Fletcher, P., Gordon, T., Gramer, L., Gudka, M., Halas, J., Hendee, J., Hodgson, G., Huang, D., Jankulak, M., Jones, A., Kimura, T., Levy, J., Miloslavich, P., Chou, L.M., Muller-Karger, F., Osuka, K., Samoilys, M., Simpson, S.D., Tun, K., Wongbusarakum, S., Coral reef monitoring, reef assessment technologies, and ecosystem-based management. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(580), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00580.
Pomponi, S.A., Jevitt, A., Patel, J., Diaz, M.C., Sponge hybridomas: applications and implications. Integr. Comp. Biol. 53 (2013), 524–530, 10.1093/icb/ict032.
Sipkema, D., Osinga, R., Schatton, W., Mendola, D., Tramper, J., Wijffels, R.H., Large‐scale production of pharmaceuticals by marine sponges: sea, cell, or synthesis?. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 90 (2005), 201–222, 10.1002/bit.20404.
Hao, H., Lei, W., Danyun, O., Weiwen, L., Fangfang, K., Cai, L., Xuebao, H., Lina, A., Weobo, W., A preliminary evaluation of some elements for designation of preservation and impact reference zones in deep sea in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone: a case study of the China ocean mineral resources association contract area. Ocean Coast. Manag., 188, 2020, 105135.
Williams, J., Althaus, F., Maguire, K., Green, M., Untiedt, C., Alderslade, P., et al. The fate of deep-sea coral reefs on seamounts in a fishery-seascape: what are the impacts, what remains, and what is protected?. Front. Mar. Sci., 7(798), 2020, 10.3389/fmars.2020.567002.
Howell, K.L., Hilário, A., Allcock, A.L., Bailey, D.M., Baker, M., Clark, M.R., Colaço, A., Copley, J., Cordes, E.E., Danovaro, R., Dissanayake, A., Escobar, E., Esquete, P., Gallagher, A.J., Gates, A.R., Gaudron, S.M., German, C.R., Gjerde, K.M., Higgs, N.D., Le Bris, N., Levin, L.A., Manea, E., McClain, C., Menot, L., Mestre, N.C., Metaxas, A., Milligan, R.J., Muthumbi, A., Narayanaswamy, B.E., Ramalho, S.P., Ramirez-Llodra, E., Robson, L.M., Rogers, A.D., Sellanes, J., Sigwart, J.D., Sink, K., Snelgrove, P., Stefanoudis, P.V., Sumida, P.Y., Taylor, M.L., Thurber, A.R., Vieira, R.P., Watanabe, H.K., Woodall, L.C., Xavier, J.R., A Blueprint for an Inclusive, Global Deep-Sea Ocean Decade Field Program. Front. Mar. Sci., 7, 2020, 10.3389/fmars.2020.584861.
Ocean Decade Actions, Announcement of the results of the first endorsed Decade Actions following Call for Decade Actions No. 01/2020,. 〈https://www.oceandecade.org/resource/166/Announcement-of-the-results-of-the-first-endorsed-Decade-Actions-following-Call-for-Decade-Actions-No-012020〉.
Kavanaugh, M.T., Oliver, M.J., Chavez, F.P., Letelier, R.M., Muller-Karger, F.E., Doney, S.C., Seascapes as a new vernacular for pelagic ocean monitoring, management and conservation!Abstract. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 73 (2016), 1839–1850, 10.1093/icesjms/fsw086.
Montes, E., Djurhuus, A., Muller-Karger, F.E., Otis, D., Kelble, C.R., Kavanaugh, M.T., Dynamic satellite seascapes as a biogeographic framework for understanding phytoplankton assemblages in the florida keys national marine sanctuary, United States!Data_Sheet_1.pdf!Image_1.JPEG!Image_2.JPEG!Image_3.JPEG!Image_4.JPEG. Front. Mar. Sci., 7, 2020, 10.3389/fmars.2020.00575.
Sayre, R., Wright, D., Breyer, S., Butler, K., Van Graafeiland, K., Costello, M., Harris, P., Goodin, K., Guinotte, J., Basher, Z., Kavanaugh, M., Halpin, P., Monaco, M., Cressie, N., Aniello, P., Frye, C., Stephens, D., A three- dimensional mapping of the ocean based on environmental data. Oceanography 30:1 (2017), 90–103, 10.5670/oceanog.2017.116.
McCarthy, M.J., Colna, K.E., El-Mezayen, M.M., Laureano-Rosario, A.E., Méndez-Lázaro, P., Otis, D.B., Toro-Farmer, G., Vega-Rodriguez, M., Muller-Karger, F.E., Satellite remote sensing for coastal management: a review of successful applications. Environ. Manag. 60 (2017), 323–339, 10.1007/s00267-017-0880-x.
Muller-Karger, F.E., Hestir, E., Ade, C., Turpie, K., Roberts, D.A., Siegel, D., Miller, R.J., Humm, D., Izenberg, N., Keller, M., Morgan, F., Frouin, R., Dekker, A.G., Gardner, R., Goodman, J., Schaeffer, B., Franz, B.A., Pahlevan, N., Mannino, A.G., Concha, J.A., Ackleson, S.G., Cavanaugh, K.C., Romanou, A., Tzortziou, M., Boss, E.S., Pavlick, R., Freeman, A., Rousseaux, C.S., Dunne, J., Long, M.C., Klein, E., McKinley, G.A., Goes, J., Letelier, R., Kavanaugh, M., Roffer, M., Bracher, A., Arrigo, K.R., Dierssen, H., Zhang, X., Davis, F.W., Best, B., Guralnick, R., Moisan, J., Sosik, H.M., Kudela, R., Mouw, C.B., Barnard, A.H., Palacios, S., Roesler, C., Drakou, E.G., Appeltans, W., Jetz, W., Satellite sensor requirements for monitoring essential bio6diversity variables of coastal ecosystems. Ecol. Appl. 28 (2018), 749–760, 10.1002/eap.1682.
Bracher, A., Bouman, H.A., Brewin, R.J.W., Bricaud, A., Brotas, V., Ciotti, A.M., et al. Obtaining phytoplankton diversity from ocean color: a scientific roadmap for future. Dev., Front. Mar. Sci., 4(55), 2017, 10.3389/fmars.2017.00055.
Behrenfeld, M.J., Gaube, P., Della Penna, A., O'malley, R.T., Burt, W.J., Hu, Y., Bontempi, P.S., Steinberg, D.K., Boss, E.S., Siegel, D.A., Hostetler, C.A., Tortell, P.D., Doney, S.C., Global satellite-observed daily vertical migrations of ocean animals. Nature 576 (2019), 257–261, 10.1038/s41586-019-1796-9.
Loisel, H., Duforet, L., Dessailly, D., Chami, M., Dubuisson, P., Investigation of the variations in the water leaving polarized reflectance from the POLDER satellite data over two biogeochemical contrasted oceanic areas. Opt. Express 16 (2008), 12905–12918, 10.1364/OE.16.012905.
Djurhuus, A., Closek, C.J., Kelly, R.P., Pitz, K.J., Michisaki, R.P., Starks, H.A., Walz, K.R., Andruszkiewicz, E.A., Olesin, E., Hubbard, K., Montes, E., Otis, D., Muller-Karger, F.E., Chavez, F.P., Boehm, A.B., Breitbart, M., Environmental DNA reveals seasonal shifts and potential interactions in a marine community. Nat. Commun., 11(254), 2020, 254, 10.1038/s41467-019-14105-1.
K.D. Goodwin, F.E. Muller-Karger, A. Djurhuus, L.Z. Allen, A.E. Allen, J.P. McCrow, G. Canonico-Hyde, Chapter 32. Molecular Approaches for an Operational Marine Biodiversity Observation Network. In: World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation, Vol. III: Ecological Issues and Environmental Impacts. 2nd Edition. Charles Sheppard (editor), 2019. 〈https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/msc_facpub/630〉.
Yilmaz, P., Kottmann, R., Field, D., Knight, R., Cole, J.R., Amaral-Zettler, L., Gilbert, J.A., Karsch-Mizrachi, I., Johnston, A., Cochrane, G., Vaughan, R., Hunter, C., Park, J., Morrison, N., Rocca-Serra, P., Sterk, P., Arumugam, M., Bailey, M., Baumgartner, L., Birren, B.W., Blaser, M.J., Bonazzi, V., Booth, T., Bork, P., Bushman, F.D., Buttigieg, P.L., Chain, P.S., Charlson, E., Costello, E.K., Huot-Creasy, H., Dawyndt, P., DeSantis, T., Fierer, N., Fuhrman, J.A., Gallery, R.E., Gevers, D., Gibbs, R.A., San Gil, I., Gonzalez, A., Gordon, J.I., Guralnick, R., Hankeln, W., Highlander, S., Hugenholtz, P., Jansson, J., Kau, A.L., Kelley, S.T., Kennedy, J., Knights, D., Koren, O., Kuczynski, J., Kyrpides, N., Larsen, R., Lauber, C.L., Legg, T., Ley, R.E., Lozupone, C.A., Ludwig, W., Lyons, D., Maguire, E., Methé, B.A., Meyer, F., Muegge, B., Nakielny, S., Nelson, K.E., Nemergut, D., Neufeld, J.D., Newbold, L.K., Oliver, A.E., Pace, N.R., Palanisamy, G., Peplies, J., Petrosino, J., Proctor, L., Pruesse, E., Quast, C., Raes, J., Ratnasingham, S., Ravel, J., Relman, D.A., Assunta-Sansone, S., Schloss, P.D., Schriml, L., Sinha, R., Smith, M.I., Sodergren, E., Spo, A., Stombaugh, J., Tiedje, J.M., Ward, D.V., Weinstock, G.M., Wendel, D., White, O., Whiteley, A., Wilke, A., Wortman, J.R., Yatsunenko, T., Glöckner, F.O., Minimum information about a marker gene sequence (MIMARKS) and minimum information about any (x) sequence (MIxS) specifications. Nat. Biotechnol. 29:5 (2011), 415–420.
Hillary, R.M., Bravington, M.V., Patterson, T.A., Grewe, P., Bradford, R., Feutry, P., Gunasekera, R., Peddemors, V., Werry, J., Francis, M.P., Duffy, C., Bruce, B.D., Genetic relatedness reveals total population size of white sharks in eastern Australia and New Zealand. Sci. Rep., 8, 2018, 2661.
Leape, J., Abbott, M., Sakaguchi, H., et al. Technology, Data and New Models for Sustainably Managing Ocean Resources. 2020, World Resources Institute, Washington, DC 〈https://oceanpanel.org/sites/default/files/2020-01/19_HLP_BP6_V4.pdf〉.
Stammer, D., Balmaseda, M., Heimbach, P., Köhl, A., Weaver, A., Ocean data assimilation in support of climate applications: status and perspectives. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 8 (2016), 491–518, 10.1146/annurev-marine-122414-034113.
Fennel, K., Gehlen, M., Brasseur, P., Brown, C.W., Ciavatta, S., Cossarini, G., Crise, A., Edwards, C.A., Ford, D., Friedrichs, M., Gregoire, M., Jones, E., Kim, H.C., Lamouroux, J., Murtugudde, R., Perruche, C., Advancing marine biogeochemical and ecosystem reanalyses and forecasts as tools for monitoring and managing ecosystem health. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(89), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00089.
Moustahfid, H., Hendrickson, L., Arkhipkin, A., Pierce, G., Kidokoro, H., Markaida, U., et al. Ecological-fishery forecasting of squid stock dynamics under climate variability and change: review, Challenges, and Recommendations. Rev. Fish. Sci. Aquacult., 28(2), 2021, 10.1080/23308249.2020.1864720.
Payne, M.R., Hobday, A.J., MacKenzie, B.R., Tommasi, D., Dempsey, D.P., Fässler, S.M.M., Fässler, S., Haynie, A.C., Ji, R., Liu, G., Lynch, P.D., Matei, D., Miesner, A.K., Mills, K.E., Strand, K.O., Villarino, E., Lessons from the first generation of marine ecological forecast products. Front Mar. Sci., 4(289), 2017, 10.3389/fmars.2017.00289.
Olsen, E., Kaplan, I.C., Ainsworth, C., Fay, G., Gaichas, S., Gamble, R., et al. Ocean futures under ocean acidification, marine protection, and changing fishing pressures explored using a worldwide suite of ecosystem models. Front. Mar. Sci., 5(64), 2018, 10.3389/fmars.2018.00064.
Geary, W.L., Bode, M., Doherty, T.S., Fulton, E.A., Nimmo, D.G., Tulloch, A.I.T., Tulloch, V., Ritchie, E.G., A guide to ecosystem models and their environmental applications. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 4 (2020), 1459–1471, 10.1038/s41559-020-01298-8.
Anderson, C.R., Kudela, R.M., Kahru, M., Chao, Y., Rosenfeld, L.K., Bahr, F.L., Anderson, D.M., Norris, T.A., Initial skill assessment of the California harmful algae risk mapping (C-HARM) system. Harmful Algae 59 (2016), 1–18, 10.1016/j.hal.2016.08.006.
Queiroz, N., Humphries, N.E., Couto, A., Vedor, M., da Costa, I., Sequeira, A.M.M., Mucientes, G., Santos, A.M., Abascal, F.J., Abercrombie, D.L., Abrantes, K., Acuña-Marrero, D., Afonso, A.S., Afonso, P., Anders, D., Araujo, G., Arauz, R., Bach, P., Barnett, A., Bernal, D., Berumen, M.L., Bessudo Lion, S., Bezerra, N., Blaison, A.V., Block, B.A., Bond, M.E., Bonfil, R., Bradford, R.W., Braun, C.D., Brooks, E.J., Brooks, A., Brown, J., Bruce, B.D., Byrne, M.E., Campana, S.E., Carlisle, A.B., Chapman, D.D., Chapple, T.K., Chisholm, J., Clarke, C.R., Clua, E.G., Cochran, J., Crochelet, E.C., Dagorn, L., Daly, R., Cortés, D.D., Doyle, T.K., Drew, M., Duffy, C., Erikson, T., Espinoza, E., Ferreira, L.C., Ferretti, F., Filmalter, J.D., Fischer, G.C., Fitzpatrick, R., Fontes, J., Forget, F., Fowler, M., Francis, M.P., Gallagher, A.J., Gennari, E., Goldsworthy, S.D., Gollock, M.J., Green, J.R., Gustafson, J.A., Guttridge, T.L., Guzman, H.M., Hammerschlag, N., Harman, L., Hazin, F., Heard, M., Hearn, A.R., Holdsworth, J.C., Holmes, B.J., Howey, L.A., Hoyos, M., Hueter, R.E., Hussey, N.E., Huveneers, C., Irion, D.T., Jacoby, D., Jewell, O., Johnson, R., Jordan, L., Jorgensen, S.J., Joyce, W., Keating Daly, C.A., Ketchum, J.T., Klimley, A.P., Kock, A.A., Koen, P., Ladino, F., Lana, F.O., Lea, J., Llewellyn, F., Lyon, W.S., MacDonnell, A., Macena, B., Marshall, H., McAllister, J.D., McAuley, R., Meÿer, M.A., Morris, J.J., Nelson, E.R., Papastamatiou, Y.P., Patterson, T.A., Peñaherrera-Palma, C., Pepperell, J.G., Pierce, S.J., Poisson, F., Quintero, L.M., Richardson, A.J., Rogers, P.J., Rohner, C.A., Rowat, D., Samoilys, M., Semmens, J.M., Sheaves, M., Shillinger, G., Shivji, M., Singh, S., Skomal, G.B., Smale, M.J., Snyders, L.B., Soler, G., Soria, M., Stehfest, K.M., Stevens, J.D., Thorrold, S.R., Tolotti, M.T., Towner, A., Travassos, P., Tyminski, J.P., Vandeperre, F., Vaudo, J.J., Watanabe, Y.Y., Weber, S.B., Wetherbee, B.M., White, T.D., Williams, S., Zárate, P.M., Harcourt, R., Hays, G.C., Meekan, M.G., Thums, M., Irigoien, X., Eguiluz, V.M., Duarte, C.M., Sousa, L.L., Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries. Nature 572 (2019), 461–466, 10.1038/s41586-019-1444-4.
Brodie, S., Jacox, M.G., Bograd, S.J., Welch, H., Dewar, H., Scales, K.L., Maxwell, S.M., Briscoe, D.M., Edwards, C.A., Crowder, L.B., Lewison, R.L., Hazen, E.L., Integrating dynamic subsurface habitat metrics into species distribution models. Front. Mar. Sci., 5(219), 2018, 10.3389/fmars.2018.00219.
Muhling, B.A., Brill, R., Lamkin, J.T., Roffer, M.A., Lee, S., Liu, Y., Muller-Karger, F.E., Projections of future habitat use by atlantic bluefin tuna: mechanistic vs. correlative distribution models. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 74:3 (2017), 698–716.
Tanhua, T., Pouliquen, S., Hausman, J., O'Brien, K., Bricher, P., de Bruin, T., Buck, J., Burger, E.F., Carval, T., Casey, K.S., Diggs, S., Giorgetti, A., Glaves, H., Harscoat, V., Kinkade, D., Muelbert, J.H., Novellino, A., Pfeil, B., Pulsifer, P.L., Van de Putte, A., Robinson, E., Schaap, D., Smirnov, A., Smith, N., Snowden, D., Spears, T., Stall, S., Tacoma, M., Thijsse, P., Tronstad, S., Vandenberghe, T., Wengren, M., Wyborn, L., Zhao, Z., Ocean FAIR data services. Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00440.
De Pooter, D., Appeltans, W., Bailly, N., Bristol, S., Deneudt, K., Eliezer, M., Fujioka, E., Giorgetti, A., Goldstein, P., Lewis, M., Lipizer, M., Mackay, K., Marin, M., Moncoiffé, G., Nikolopoulou, S., Provoost, P., Rauch, S., Roubicek, A., Torres, C., van de Putte, A., Vandepitte, L., Vanhoorne, B., Vinci, M., Wambiji, N., Watts, D., Klein Salas, E., Hernandez, F., Toward a new data standard for combined marine biological and environmental datasets - expanding OBIS beyond species occurrences. Biodivers. data J., 5, 2017, 10989, 10.3897/BDJ.5.e10989.
R.A. Simons, ERDDAP. 〈https://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap〉. Monterey, CA: NOAA/NMFS/SWFSC/ERD (accessed January 2019).
World Meteorological Organization (WMO), The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (GCOS-200 (GOOS-214); p. 342). World Meteorological Organization, 2016. 〈https://library.wmo.int/opac/doc_num.php?explnum_id=3417〉 (accessed September 2020).
D. Vorisek, Y. Shu, Understanding the Cost of Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Policy Research Working Paper 9146. World Bank Group, 2020. 〈http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/744701582827333101/pdf/Understanding-the-Cost-of-Achieving-the-Sustainable-Development-Goals.pdf〉 (accessed 27 September 2020).
Muelbert, J.H., Nidzieko, N.J., Acosta, A.T.R., Beaulieu, S.E., Bernardino, A.F., Boikova, E., Bornman, T.G., Cataletto, B., Deneudt, K., Eliason, E., Kraberg, A., Nakaoka, M., Pugnetti, A., Ragueneau, O., Scharfe, M., Soltwedel, T., Sosik, H.M., Stanisci, A., Stefanova, K., Stéphan, P., Stier, A., Wikner, J., Zingone, A., ILTER. The international long-term ecological research network as a platform for global coastal and ocean observation. Front. Mar. Sci., 6(527), 2019, 10.3389/fmars.2019.00527.
Bax, N.J., Appeltans, W., Brainard, R., Duffy, J.E., Dunstan, P., Hanich, Q., Harden Davies, H., Hills, J., Miloslavich, P., Muller-Karger, F.E., Simmons, S., Aburto-Oropeza, O., Batten, S., Benedetti-Cecchi, L., Checkley, D., Chiba, S., Fischer, A., Andersen Garcia, M., Gunn, J., Klein, E., Kudela, R.M., Marsac, F., Obura, D., Shin, Y.J., Sloyan, B., Tanhua, T., Wilkin, J., Linking capacity development to GOOS monitoring networks to achieve sustained ocean observation. Front. Mar. Sci., 5, 2018, 10.3389/fmars.2018.00346.
GOSR, Global Ocean Science Report: The Current Status of Ocean Science around the World, (IOC Policy Series 2017–1; IOC/POL/2017/1), 2017.
GOSR, Isensee, K., (eds.) Global Ocean Science Report 2020–Charting Capacity for Ocean Sustainability, 2020, UNESCO Publishing, Paris.
Lear, D., Herman, P., Van Hoey, G., Schepers, L., Tonne, N., Lipizer, M., et al. Supporting the essential − recommendations for the development of accessible and interoperable marine biological data products. Mar. Policy, 117(103958), 2020, 10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103958.
Recinos, K., Blue, L., Improving capacity development for threatened maritime and marine cultural heritage through the evaluation of a parameter framework. J. Mari Arch. 14 (2019), 409–427, 10.1007/s11457-019-09246-9.
Levitus, S., The UNESCO-IOC-IODE “Global Oceanographic Data Archeology and Rescue” (GODAR) Project and “World Ocean Database” Project. Data Sci. J. 11 (2012), 46–71, 10.2481/dsj.012-014.
UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Proposed indicators and monitoring approach for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, CBD/SBSTTA/24/3/Add.1, 2020.
Pacoureau, N., Rigby, C.L., Kyne, P.M., Sherley, R.B., Winker, H., Carlson, J.K., Fordham, S.V., Barreto, R., Fernando, D., Francis, M.P., Jabado, R.W., Herman, K.B., Liu, K.M., Marshall, A.D., Pollom, R.A., Romanov, E.V., Simpfendorfer, C.A., Yin, J.S., Kindsvater, H.K., Dulvy, N.K., Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays. Nature 589 (2021), 567–571.
Bejder, M., Johnston, D.W., Smith, J., Friedlaender, A., Bejder, L., Embracing conservation success of recovering humpback whale populations: evaluating the case for downlisting their conservation status in Australia. Mar. Policy 66 (2016), 137–141.
Escobar-Pemberthy, M.I., Implementation of multilateral environmental agreements: rationale and design of the Environmental Conventions Index. Sustainability, 12(17), 2020, 7098, 10.3390/su12177098.
Rogers, A.D., Aburto-Oropeza, O., et al. Critical Habitats and Biodiversity: Inventory, Thresholds and Governance. 2020, World Resources Institute, Washington, DC (Available online at) 〈www.oceanpanel.org/blue-papers/critical-habitats-and-biodiversity-inventory-thresholds-and-governance〉.
IOC, Revised draft implementation plan for the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. IOC/EC-53/4.1.Doc (2), 2020.
