De la découverte de la phlorizine (une histoire belge) aux inhibiteurs des SGLT2.

Most physicians do not know, or do not remember, the name of phlorizin. Hence this molecule has a major historical importance because it was the precursor of gliflozins, a new class of oral antidiabetic drugs with recent therapeutic perspectives beyond diabetes. This article recalls the history of phlorizin: its discovery in the 19th century by De Koninck and Stas, the demonstration of its ability to induce glucosuria and reduce hyperglycaemia by von Mering, its use to demonstrate the concept of glucose toxicity by the team of DeFronzo and finally the development of selective (phlorizin being not selective) sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (gliflozins) which block glucose reabsorption in renal tubules. Gliflozins have increasing therapeutic indications, not only in type 2 diabetes, but also in cardiology and nephrology among non-diabetic people with heart failure or renal insufficiency.