[en] Slow-moving landslides exhibit persistent but non-uniform motion at low rates which makes them exceptional natural laboratories to study the mechanisms that control the dynamics of unstable hillslopes. Here we leverage 4.5+ years of satellite-based radar and optical remote sensing data to quantify the kinematics of a slow-moving landslide in the tropical rural environment of the Kivu Rift, with unprecedented high spatial and temporal resolution. We measure landslide motion using sub-pixel image correlation methods and invert these data into dense time series that capture weekly to multi-year changes in landslide kinematics. We cross-validate and compare our satellite-based results with very-high-resolution Unoccupied Aircraft System topographic datasets, and explore how rainfall, simulated pore-water pressure, and nearby earthquakes control the overall landslide behaviour. The landslide exhibited seasonal and multi-year velocity variations that varied across the landslide kinematic units. While rainfall-induced changes in pore-water pressure exerts a primary control on the landslide motion, these alone cannot explain the observed variability in landslide behaviour. We suggest instead that the observed landslide kinematics result from internal landslide dynamics, such as extension, compression, material redistribution, and interactions within and between kinematic units. Our study provides, a rare, detailed overview of the deformation pattern of a landslide located in a tropical environment. In addition, our work highlights the viability of sub-pixel image correlation with long time series of radar-amplitude data to quantify surface deformation in tropical environments where optical data is limited by persistent cloud cover and emphasize the importance of exploiting synergies between multiple types of data to capture the complex kinematic pattern of landslides.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Dille, Antoine; Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium ; Department of Geography, Earth System Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Kervyn, François; Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
Handwerger, Alexander L.; Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, United States ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
d'Oreye, Nicolas; European Centre for Geodynamics and Seismology, Walferdange, Luxembourg ; National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
De Rauw, Dominique ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) ; European Centre for Geodynamics and Seismology, Walferdange, Luxembourg ; Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro - CONICET, Argentina
Mugaruka Bibentyo, Toussaint; Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium ; Département de Géologie, Université Officielle de Bukavu, Bukavu, Congo ; Department of Geology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Samsonov, Sergey; Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada
Malet, Jean-Philippe; Institut Terre et Environnement de Strasbourg, ITES, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Kervyn, Matthieu; Department of Geography, Earth System Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Dewitte, Olivier; Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
Language :
English
Title :
When image correlation is needed: Unravelling the complex dynamics of a slow-moving landslide in the tropics with dense radar and optical time series
This article is a contribution in the framework of the project RESIST funded by the Belgian Science Policy (BELSPO) , Belgium ( SR/00/305 ) and the Fonds National de la Recherche, Luxembourg (INTER/STEREOIII/13/05/RESIST/d'Oreye); MODUS (SR/00/358), AfReSlide (BR/121/A2/AfReSlide) and PAStECA (BR/165/A3/PASTECA) research projects funded by BELSPO and RA_S1_RGL_GEORISK and HARISSA funded by the Development Cooperation program of the Royal Museum for Central Africa (Belgium) with support of the Directorate-general Development Cooperation and Humanitarian Aid of Belgium (Belgium). COSMO-SkyMed images were acquired through RESIST and MODUS projects as well as the CEOS Landslide Pilot. The images are under an Italian Space Agency (ASI ) licence. Special thanks go to the Université Officielle de Bukavu , and particularly to the members of the Department of Geology . Together with the support of the Civil Protection of South Kivu , they made possible to execute fieldwork in the study area and were part of many discussions on landslide processes in the area. Part of this research was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory , California Institute of Technology under contract with NASA . We thank Damien Delvaux for sharing field pictures and discussions on the tectonic and geology of the area. We further wish to thank Georgina Bennett, Pablo Gonzalez and Martin Rutzinger for their insightful discussions and recommendations regarding this research.
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