Working memory; atypical development; visuospatial
Abstract :
[en] The origin of visuospatial short-term memory (STM) impairment is poorly investigated and is generally considered to be the result of a more global visuospatial deficit. However, previous studies suggest an important influence of two elements on performance in visuospatial
STM tasks, the mode of presentation (i.e., simultaneous and sequential), and the visuospatial arrangement (structured vs. unstructured). With regards to a recent proposal, the aim of this study was to examine the development of the two modes of presentation and the visuospatial arrangement of visuospatial information in STM in a hundred typically developing participants aged from 4 years old to adults. Moreover, we also examined how the model explains the pattern of visuospatial STM deficit in two neurodevelopmental syndromes with different profiles in terms of STM abilities, namely Williams syndrome and Down syndrome. We found distinct performance for sequential and simultaneous presentation only from 11 years old with better performance in simultaneous than in sequential presentation mode and a sensitivity to visuospatial arrangement that increases with age. Both syndromes presented deficits at different levels, people with Williams syndrome for visuospatial arrangement and with Down syndrome for simultaneous visuospatial information in STM. The results demonstrate the importance to consider the influence of preexisting visuospatial knowledge on STM abilities. A two processing route model of STM is an interesting framework to interpret the different results.
Disciplines :
Theoretical & cognitive psychology
Author, co-author :
Attout, Lucie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie > Département de Psychologie
Noël, Marie-Pascale; UCLouvain
Rousselle, Laurence ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie > Psychologie du développement cognitif normal et atypique
Language :
English
Title :
Toward an integrative model accounting for typical and atypical development of visuospatial short-term memory
Publication date :
2021
Journal title :
Child Neuropsychology: A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence
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