occultations; methods: observational; methods: data analysis; minor planets; asteroids: individual: Chariklo; planets and satellites: rings; Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract :
[en] Context. The Centaur (10199) Chariklo has the first ring system discovered around a small object. It was first observed using stellar occultation in 2013. Stellar occultations allow sizes and shapes to be determined with kilometre accuracy, and provide the characteristics of the occulting object and its vicinity. Aims: Using stellar occultations observed between 2017 and 2020, our aim is to constrain the physical parameters of Chariklo and its rings. We also determine the structure of the rings, and obtain precise astrometrical positions of Chariklo. Methods: We predicted and organised several observational campaigns of stellar occultations by Chariklo. Occultation light curves were measured from the datasets, from which ingress and egress times, and the ring widths and opacity values were obtained. These measurements, combined with results from previous works, allow us to obtain significant constraints on Chariklo's shape and ring structure. <BR /> Results: We characterise Chariklo's ring system (C1R and C2R), and obtain radii and pole orientations that are consistent with, but more accurate than, results from previous occultations. We confirm the detection of W-shaped structures within C1R and an evident variation in radial width. The observed width ranges between 4.8 and 9.1 km with a mean value of 6.5 km. One dual observation (visible and red) does not reveal any differences in the C1R opacity profiles, indicating a ring particle size larger than a few microns. The C1R ring eccentricity is found to be smaller than 0.022 (3σ), and its width variations may indicate an eccentricity higher than ~0.005. We fit a tri-axial shape to Chariklo's detections over 11 occultations, and determine that Chariklo is consistent with an ellipsoid with semi-axes of 143.8 −1.5/+1.4, 135.2 −2.8/+1.4, and 99.1 −2.7/+5.4 km. Ultimately, we provided seven astrometric positions at a milliarcsecond accuracy level, based on Gaia EDR3, and use it to improve Chariklo's ephemeris.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
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Desmars, J.; Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées IPSA, 63 boulevard de Brandebourg, 94200, Ivry-sur-Seine, France ; Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides, IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ. Lille, 77, Av. Denfert-Rochereau, 75014, Paris, France ; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France
Gomes-Júnior, A. R.; UNESP - São Paulo State University, Grupo de Dinâmica Orbital e Planetologia, CEP, 12516-410, Guaratinguetá, SP, Brazil ; Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, 20921-400, Brazil
Bérard, D.; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France
Leiva, R.; Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Bd de l'Observatoire, CS 34229, 06304, Nice Cedex 4, France ; Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Camino del Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile ; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France
Ortiz, J. L.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, IAA-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Vieira-Martins, R.; Observatório Nacional/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP, 20921-400, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil ; Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, 20921-400, Brazil ; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - Observatório do Valongo, Ladeira Pedro Antônio 43, CEP, 20.080-090, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
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