Exozodiacal dust; Exoplanets; Direct imaging; Long baseline interferometry
Abstract :
[en] The young (50-400 Myr) A3V star β Leo is a primary target to study the formation history and evolution of extrasolar planetary systems as one of the few stars with known hot (∼1600 K), warm (∼600 K), and cold (∼120 K) dust belt components. In this paper, we present deep mid-infrared measurements of the warm dust brightness obtained with the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI) as part of its exozodiacal dust survey (HOSTS). The measured excess is 0.47% ± 0.050% within the central 1.5 au, rising to 0.81% ± 0.026% within 4.5 au, outside the habitable zone of β Leo. This dust level is 50 ± 10 times greater than in the solar system's zodiacal cloud. Poynting-Robertson drag on the cold dust detected by Spitzer, and Herschel underpredicts the dust present in the habitable zone of β Leo, suggesting an additional delivery mechanism (e.g., comets) or an additional belt at ∼5.5 au. A model of these dust components is provided that implies the absence of planets more than a few Saturn masses between ∼5 au and the outer belt at ∼40 au. We also observationally constrain giant planets with the LBTI imaging channel at 3.8 μm wavelength. Assuming an age of 50 Myr, any planet in the system between approximately 5-50 au must be less than a few Jupiter masses, consistent with our dust model. Taken together, these observations showcase the deep contrasts and detection capabilities attainable by the LBTI for both warm exozodiacal dust and giant exoplanets in or near the habitable zone of nearby stars.
Research Center/Unit :
STAR - Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research - ULiège
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Defrere, Denis ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > PSILab
Hinz, P. M.; University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
Kennedy, G. M.; Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
Stone, J.; Hubble Fellow. ; Naval Research Laboratory, Remote Sensing Division, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
Rigley, J.; Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
Ertel, S.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; Large Binocular Telescope Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Gaspar, A; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; Large Binocular Telescope Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Bailey, V. P.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena CA 91109-8099, USA
Hoffmann, W. F.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Mennesson, B.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena CA 91109-8099, USA
Millan-Gabet, R.; California Institute of Technology, NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Danchi, W. C.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Absil, Olivier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > PSILab
Arbo, P.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Beichman, C.; California Institute of Technology, NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Bonavita, M.; SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK ; Centre for Exoplanet Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKA
Brusa, G.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Bryden, G.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena CA 91109-8099, USA
Downey, E. C.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Esposito, S.; INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
Grenz, P.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Haniff, C.; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
Hill, J. M.; Large Binocular Telescope Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Leisenring, J. M.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Males, J. R.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
McMahon, T. J.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Montoya, M.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Morzinski, K. M.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Pinna, E.; INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
Puglisi, A.; INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy
Rieke, G.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Roberge, A.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Rousseau, H.; Space sciences, Technologies & Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Serabyn, E.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena CA 91109-8099, USA
Spalding, E.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA ; Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
Skemer, A. J.; University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
Stapelfeldt, K.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena CA 91109-8099, USA
Su, K.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Vaz, A.; Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Wyatt, M. C.; Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK)
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