[en] Riparian ecosystems are home to a remarkable biodiversity, but have been degraded in many regions of the world. Vegetation biomass is central to several key functions of riparian systems. It is influenced by multiple factors, such as soil waterlogging, sediment input, flood, and human disturbance. However, knowledge is lacking on how these factors interact to shape spatial distribution of biomass in riparian forests. In this study, LiDAR data were used in an individual tree approach to map the aboveground biomass in riparian forests along 200 km of rivers in the Meuse catchment, in southern Belgium (Western Europe). Two approaches were tested, relying either on a LiDAR Canopy Height Model alone or in conjunction with a LiDAR point cloud. Cross-validated biomass relative mean square errors for 0.3 ha plots were, respectively, 27% and 22% for the two approaches. Spatial distribution of biomass patterns were driven by parcel history (and particularly vegetation age), followed by land use and topographical or geomorphological variables. Overall, anthropogenic factors were dominant over natural factors. However, vegetation patches located in the lower parts of the riparian zone exhibited a lower biomass than those in higher locations at the same age, presumably due to a combination of a more intense disturbance regime and more limiting growing conditions in the lower parts of the riparian zone. Similar approaches to ours could be deployed in other regions in order to better understand how biomass distribution patterns vary according to the climatic, geological or cultural contexts. [fr] Les écosystèmes riverains abritent une biodiversité remarquable, mais ils ont été dégradés dans de nombreuses régions du monde. La biomasse végétale est essentielle à plusieurs fonctions clés des systèmes riverains. Elle est influencée par de multiples facteurs, tels que l'engorgement du sol, l'apport de sédiments, les inondations et les perturbations humaines. Cependant, les connaissances concernant la façon dont ces facteurs interagissent pour façonner la distribution spatiale de la biomasse dans les forêts riveraines sont fragmentaires. Dans cette étude, les données LiDAR ont été utilisées dans une approche à l’échelle de l’arbre pour cartographier la biomasse aérienne dans les forêts riveraines le long de 200 km de rivières dans le bassin versant de la Meuse, dans le sud de la Belgique (Europe occidentale). Deux approches ont été testées, s'appuyant sur un modèle numérique de hauteur LiDAR seul ou en conjonction avec un nuage de points LiDAR. Les erreurs quadratiques moyennes relatives de la biomasse pour des parcelles de 0,3 ha étaient respectivement de 27 % et 22 % pour les deux approches. La distribution spatiale des modèles de biomasse était surtout influencée par l'historique des parcelles (et en particulier l'âge de la végétation), suivie par l'utilisation des terres et les variables topographiques ou géomorphologiques. Dans l'ensemble, les facteurs anthropiques étaient dominants par rapport aux facteurs naturels. Cependant, les parcelles de végétation situées dans les parties inférieures de la zone riveraine présentaient une biomasse plus faible que celles situées dans les parties supérieures au même âge, probablement en raison de la combinaison d'un régime de perturbation plus intense et de conditions de croissance plus limitantes dans les parties inférieures de la zone riveraine. Des approches similaires à la nôtre pourraient être déployées dans d'autres régions afin de mieux comprendre comment les schémas de distribution de la biomasse varient en fonction des contextes climatiques, géologiques ou culturels.
Disciplines :
Environmental sciences & ecology
Author, co-author :
Huylenbroeck, Léo ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion des ressources forestières et des milieux naturels
Latte, Nicolas ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion des ressources forestières et des milieux naturels
Lejeune, Philippe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion des ressources forestières et des milieux naturels
Georges, Blandine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion des ressources forestières et des milieux naturels
Claessens, Hugues ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion des ressources forestières et des milieux naturels
Michez, Adrien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géographie > Département de géographie
Language :
English
Title :
What Factors Shape Spatial Distribution of Biomass in Riparian Forests? Insights from a LiDAR Survey over a Large Area
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