Mini Neptunes; Exoplanets; Transits; M stars; Super Earths
Abstract :
[en] We report the discovery and validation of TOI 122b and TOI 237b, two warm planets transiting inactive M dwarfs observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Our analysis shows that TOI 122b has a radius of 2.72 ± 0.18 R[SUB]⊕[/SUB] and receives 8.8 ± 1.0 times Earth's bolometric insolation, and TOI 237b has a radius of 1.44±0.12 R⊕ and receives 3.7 ± 0.5 times Earth's insolation, straddling the 6.7 × Earth insolation that Mercury receives from the Sun. This makes these two of the cooler planets yet discovered by TESS, even on their 5.08 and 5.43 day orbits. Together, they span the small-planet radius valley, providing useful laboratories for exploring volatile evolution around M dwarfs. Their relatively nearby distances (62.23 ± 0.21 pc and 38.11 ± 0.23 pc, respectively) make them potentially feasible targets for future radial velocity follow-up and atmospheric characterization, although such observations may require substantial investments of time on large telescopes.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Waalkes, William C.; NSF Graduate Research Fellow. ; Department of Astrophysical & Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, 2000 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.; Department of Astrophysical & Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, 2000 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Collins, Karen A.; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Feinstein, Adina D.; NSF Graduate Research Fellow. ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile
Silverstein, Michele L.; NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow. ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA ; RECONS Institute, Chambersburg, PA 17201, USA
Newton, Elisabeth; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA
Ricker, George R.; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Vanderspek, Roland; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Latham, David W.; Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Seager, S.; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA ; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA ; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Winn, Joshua N.; Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
Jenkins, Jon M.; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
Christiansen, Jessie; Caltech/IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, 770 S. Wilson Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
Goeke, Robert F.; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Levine, Alan M.; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Osborn, H. P.; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA ; NCCR/PlanetS, Centre for Space & Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Rinehart, S. A.; NASA HQ, Planetary Science Division 202-358-1884, USA
Rose, Mark E.; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
Ting, Eric B.; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
Twicken, Joseph D.; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA ; SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
Barkaoui, Khalid ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Bean, Jacob L.; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Briceño, César; Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory/NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
Ciardi, David R.; Caltech/IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, 770 S. Wilson Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
Collins, Kevin I.; George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
Conti, Dennis; American Association of Variable Star Observers, 49 Bay State Road, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Gan, Tianjun; Department of Astronomy and Tsinghua Centre for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
Gillon, Michaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Isopi, Giovanni; Campo Catino Astronomical Observatory, Regione Lazio, Guarcino (FR) I-03010, Italy
Jehin, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Origines Cosmologiques et Astrophysiques (OrCa)
Jensen, Eric L. N.; Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
Kielkopf, John F.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
Law, Nicholas; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA
Mallia, Franco; Campo Catino Astronomical Observatory, Regione Lazio, Guarcino (FR) I-03010, Italy
Mann, Andrew W.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255, USA
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