Gardiens de but en football : caractéristiques et pathologies spécifiques

[fr] Les gardiens de but (GB) sont des joueurs importants d'une équipe de football. Ils sont les seuls autorisés à prendre la balle en main. Ils possèdent des caractéristiques et des aptitudes physiques différentes des autres joueurs de champ (JC). Ils parcourent moins de la moitié de la distance des joueurs de champ (JC). Les actions décisives au cours d'un match sont peu nombreuses (2 à 10) et se déroulent à haute intensité (sauts, plongeons, sprints) et ils sont plus exposés à d'autres lésions. Ils se blessent moins, 4,6 blessures pour 1000 heures de jeu contre 8 pour les JC. Les lésions au niveau du membre supérieur sont 5 fois plus fréquentes chez les GB avec des durées d'indisponibilité plus importantes. Des entraînements adaptés, associés à des programmes de prévention spécifique pourraient contribuer à la réduction de l'incidence des blessures et à l'optimalisation de leur potentiel footballistique.
[en] Goalkeepers are important players in a soccer team. Their purpose is to not take a goal. They are the only ones authorized to grab the ball with their hands. They have different physical characteristics and abilities from other players. They cover approximately half of the distance of the outfield players. They have few decisive actions (2 to 10) but it is at a high intensity (jumps, dives, sprints). Goalkeepers are different players, so they are exposed to different types of injuries. The incidence of injury is lesser than other, 4,6 per 1000 hours of soccer exposure against 8 for the out fields players. Injuries in the upper extremity are 5 times more frequent in goalkeepers than other, with longer days of absence. Appropriate training combined with specific prevention programs should contribute to the reduction of injuries and the optimization of their soccer potential.

Disciplines :

Orthopedics, rehabilitation & sports medicine

Author, co-author :

Letiexhe, Antoine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Master spéc. méd. gén. (nouvelle formule 3 ans)

Delvaux, François ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Doct. sc. motricité (Bologne)

Schwartz, Cédric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Kinésithérapie générale et réadaptation

Croisier, Jean-Louis ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Kinésithérapie générale et réadaptation

Forthomme, Bénédicte ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Rééducation du membre supérieur

Bury, Thierry ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Physiologie humaine et physiologie de l'effort physique

Kaux, Jean-François ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la motricité > Médecine physique, réadaptation et traumatologie du sport

Language :

French

Title :

Gardiens de but en football : caractéristiques et pathologies spécifiques

Alternative titles :

[en] Goalkeeper in soccer: Specific characteristics and injuries

Publication date :

March 2021

Journal title :

Journal de Traumatologie du Sport

ISSN :

0762-915X

eISSN :

1773-0465

Publisher :

Elsevier Masson, Paris, France

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

28-36

Peer reviewed :

Peer reviewed

Available on ORBi :

since 08 January 2021

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Bibliography

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