Labyrinth weirs; Piano key weirs; Prototype structures; Research needs; Hydraulic Engineering
Abstract :
[en] Spillways and outlet works are essential dam safety structures for releasing waters from reservoirs, including safe passage of floods. Many types of linear weirs have been used as the control section of a spillway. Engineers and scientists developed the innovative labyrinth spillway in the first part of the twentieth century in response to project or site limitations (restricted footprint, project economics, etc.). At the beginning of the twenty first century, another spillway innovation, known as the Piano Key Weir or PK weir, was proposed. It is a modification to the rectangular labyrinth weir by including ramped floors and cantilevered apexes. The PK weir innovation further increases crest length in a given channel width and accommodates smaller weir footprints, which allows placement and increased practicality on top of gravity dams.
With the wealth of projects and published literature, our profession and specifically hydraulic engineering is at a key point in time regarding these structures. How has past research been used? How have researchers benefited from the experiences of designers? What have we learned from the field? Are there any observable trends in these constructed weirs? What additional research topics might, if explored, further our understanding and be of benefit to practitioners? What path will we follow into the future? This article responds to these questions by providing a perspective and discussion.
Disciplines :
Civil engineering
Author, co-author :
Crookston, Brian; Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State Univ., 8200 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-8200, United States
Erpicum, Sébastien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Scientifiques attachés au Doyen (Sc.appliquées)
Tullis, Blake; Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State Univ., 8200 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-8200, United States
Laugier, Frédéric; Électricité de France Hydro-Centre d'Ingéniérie Hydraulique, DT-MT Savoie Technolac, Le Bourget du Lac, 73373, France
Language :
English
Title :
Hydraulics of Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs: 100 Years of Prototype Structures, Advancements, and Future Research Needs
Publication date :
2019
Journal title :
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
ISSN :
0733-9429
Publisher :
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Special issue title :
Special Collection on Advances in Hydraulic Structures Engineering
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