Energy Efficiency and Thermal Performance of Office Buildings Integrated with Passive Strategies in Coastal Regions of Humid and Hot Tropical Climates in Madagascar

Abstract: Researchers have used passive strategies, such as the implementation of thermal insulationand the use of phase change materials (PCM), in several studies, but some problems have not yetbeen solved. It is the case of showing the real effect of external shading combined with thermal insulation and phase change materials to improve the thermal performance and energy efficiencyof office buildings in tropical coastal areas. Another pending problem to be solved is to define theimpact produced by passive strategies on the performance of workers in office buildings in coastalzones. It is with a view to answering all these questions that this study was envisaged with themain objective of evaluating, analyzing, comparing, and discussing the effect of thermal insulationand phase change materials on thermal comfort and energy demand in coastal areas of hot andhumid tropical climates located in the island of Madagascar. In this sense, hourly climate data forthe past 30 years have served as the basis for assessing environmental conditions of future climate.It was found that the PCMs have a more significant effect on the coastal zone of hot climates thanhumid tropical climates. The results of the statistical analyses showed that the application of passivestrategies stabilizes indoor air temperatures to between 23 ◦C and 28 ◦C in the offices, which is therecommended comfort range in these regions. In the coastal regions of Madagascar, up to 30% ofcooling energy is expected to be reduced by combining the introduction of thermal insulation and
PCM materials