Influence de l'inertie thermique et hydrique des éco-matériaux dans l'amélioration de l'efficacité énergétique des bâtiments

Building sector consumes about 40% of the world's energy and emits 40 to 50% of greenhouse gases (GHG). It thus becomes the main actor of the global warming of the planet. According to a study conducted by the International Energy Agency in 2013, global energy demand in the building sector is expected to increase by 50% by 2050, further accentuating global warming. Several studies showed that the use of eco-materials in the building envelope improves the hygrothermal comfort of the premises and therefore contributes to reducing the energy consumption of buildings. In Benin, almost all the studies carried out in this field are limited to the characterization of these materials. Thus, apart from the hygro-thermo-mechanical characterization of selected eco-materials, our study is also interested in the evaluation of energy gains that can be made. Through simulations under TRNSYS and Wufi software, the envelope of an existing office building is made with selected eco-materials to study the influence of the thermal and hydric inertia of the latter on energy consumption. of the building and the comfort of these occupants. Through this communication, we present results obtained from a thermal comfort survey conducted among occupants and a campaign to monitor the energy consumption of conditioning equipment (air conditioners and fans) in our building study. As selected eco-materials, we have: Compressed Earth Bricks (BTC) whose matrix is cement stabilized clay and reinforced by biosourced materials such as quackgrass, oil palm fibers and chips of wood. Their thermal parameters (thermal conductivity, diffusivity and effusivity) are presented.