circumstellar matter; instrumentation: high angular resolution; instrumentation: polarimeters
Abstract :
[en] Context. Debris disks are the intrinsic by-products of the star and planet formation processes. Most likely due to instrumental limitations and their natural faintness, little is known about debris disks around low mass stars, especially when it comes to spatially resolved observations. <BR /> Aims: We present new VLT/SPHERE IRDIS dual- polarization imaging (DPI) observations in which we detect the dust ring around the M2 spectral type star TWA 7. Combined with additional angular differential imaging observations we aim at a fine characterization of the debris disk and setting constraints on the presence of low-mass planets. <BR /> Methods: We modeled the SPHERE DPI observations and constrain the location of the small dust grains, as well as the spectral energy distribution of the debris disk, using the results inferred from the observations, and performed simple N-body simulations. <BR /> Results: We find that the dust density distribution peaks at 0.72'' (25 au), with a very shallow outer power-law slope, and that the disk has an inclination of 13° with a position angle of 91° east of north. We also report low signal-to-noise ratio detections of an outer belt at a distance of 1.5'' ( 52 au) from the star, of a spiral arm in the southern side of the star, and of a possible dusty clump at 0.11''. These findings seem to persist over timescales of at least a year. Using the intensity images, we do not detect any planets in the close vicinity of the star, but the sensitivity reaches Jovian planet mass upper limits. We find that the SED is best reproduced with an inner disk at 0.2'' ( 7 au) and another belt at 0.72'' (25 au). <BR /> Conclusions: We report the detections of several unexpected features in the disk around TWA 7. A yet undetected 100M[SUB]⊕[/SUB] planet with a semi-major axis at 20-30 au could possibly explain the outer belt as well as the spiral arm. We conclude that stellar winds are unlikely to be responsible for the spiral arm. <P />Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the Paranal Observatory under programs ID 095.C-0298, 097.C-0319, 098.C-0155, and 198.C-0209.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Olofsson, J.; Max Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany ; Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile ; Núcleo Milenio Formación Planetaria-NPF, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile
van Holstein, R. G.; Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands
Boccaletti, A.; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France
Janson, M.; Max Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany ; Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
Thébault, P.; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France
Lazzoni, C.; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122, Padova, Italy ; Dipartimento di Fisica a Astronomia "G. Galilei", Universita' di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35121, Padova, Italy
Kral, Q.; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France ; Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
Bayo, A.; Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile ; Núcleo Milenio Formación Planetaria-NPF, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile
Canovas, H.; European Space Astronomy Centre (ESA), Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, 28692, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
Caceres, C.; Departamento de Ciencias Fisicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello. Av. Fernandez Concha 700, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile ; Núcleo Milenio Formación Planetaria-NPF, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile
Ginski, C.; Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands
Pinte, C.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France ; Monash Centre for Astrophysics (MoCA) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton Vic, 3800, Australia
Asensio-Torres, R.; Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
Chauvin, G.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France ; Unidad Mixta Internacional Franco-Chilena de Astronomía, CNRS/INSU UMI 3386 and Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile,, Casilla 36, Santiago, Chile
Henning, Th; Max Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Langlois, M.; CRAL, UMR 5574, CNRS/ENS-L/Université Lyon 1, 9 Av. Ch. André, 69561, Saint-Genis-Laval, France ; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France
Milli, J.; European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Casilla 19001 Vitacura, Santiago 19, Chile
Schlieder, J. E.; Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, Code 667, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20770, USA ; Max Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Schreiber, M. R.; Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile ; Núcleo Milenio Formación Planetaria-NPF, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile
Augereau, J.-C.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Bonnefoy, M.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Buenzli, E.; Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
Brandner, W.; Max Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Durkan, S.; Astrophysics Research Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK ; Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
Engler, N.; Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
Feldt, M.; Max Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Godoy, N.; Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile ; Núcleo Milenio Formación Planetaria-NPF, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile
Grady, C.; Eureka Scientific, 2452 Delmer, Suite 100, Oakland, CA 96002, USA
Hagelberg, J.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Lagrange, A.-M.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Lannier, J.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Ligi, R.; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via E. Bianchi 46, 23807, Merate, Italy
Maire, Anne-Lise ; Max Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Mawet, D.; Department of Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
Ménard, F.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Mesa, D.; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122, Padova, Italy ; INCT, Universidad De Atacama, Calle Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Atacama, Chile
Mouillet, D.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Peretti, S.; Département d'Astronomie, Université de Genève, 51 Chemin des Maillettes, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland
Perrot, C.; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France
Salter, G.; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France
Schmidt, T.; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France
Thalmann, C.; Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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Feautrier, P.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Le Mignant, D.; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France
Moulin, T.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Pavlov, A.; Max Planck Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Rabou, P.; Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
Rousset, G.; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France
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