Lifetime exposure to adverse events and reinforcement sensitivity in obsessive-compulsive prone individuals

Ceschi, Grazia; Hearn, Melissa; Billieux, Joël; Van der Linden, Martial

doi:10.1375/bech.28.2.75

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Lifetime exposure to adverse events and reinforcement sensitivity in obsessive-compulsive prone individuals

Ceschi, Grazia; Hearn, Melissa; Billieux, Joël et al.

2011 • In Behaviour Change, 28 (2), p. 75-86

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/242663

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10.1375/bech.28.2.75

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Keywords :

Anxiety; Diathesis-stress model; Impulsivity; Negative life events; Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Reward drive

Abstract :

[en] A diathesis-stress perspective of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) predicts that exposure to adverse events and personality dispositions jointly influence OCS. Gray and McNaughton's (2000) model of personality posits that, faced with challenging circumstances, individuals with a high sensitivity to punishment (SP) will be more prone to OCS because they cannot avoid the downward spiral into anxiety. The current study investigates OCS severity in relation to lifetime exposure to adverse events (AE), SP, and sensitivity to reward (SR) in 122 nonclinical adults. The results indicate that OCS severity is predicted by AE, SP and SR. Interestingly, the impact of adverse experiences is moderated by SR and not SP. These findings suggest that: (1) exposure to adverse events and SP are independent OCS risk factors, and (2) exposure to adverse events is more critical for reward dependent people. This is discussed in light of responsibility and 'not just right experiences' in OCS, along with the role of impulsivity in the obsessivecompulsive disorder spectrum.

Disciplines :

Neurosciences & behavior

Author, co-author :

Ceschi, Grazia; Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland

Hearn, Melissa; Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland

Billieux, Joël; Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland

Van der Linden, Martial ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie > Département de Psychologie

Language :

English

Title :

Lifetime exposure to adverse events and reinforcement sensitivity in obsessive-compulsive prone individuals

Publication date :

2011

Journal title :

Behaviour Change

ISSN :

0813-4839

Publisher :

Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

75-86

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 03 January 2020

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