Separating intentional inhibition of prepotent responses and resistance to proactive interference in alcohol-dependent individuals

Noël, Xavier; Van der Linden, Martial; Brevers, Damien; Campanella, Salvatore; Verbanck, Paul; Hanak, Catherine; Kornreich, Charles; Verbruggen, Frederick

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.021

Article (Scientific journals)

Separating intentional inhibition of prepotent responses and resistance to proactive interference in alcohol-dependent individuals

Noël, Xavier; Van der Linden, Martial; Brevers, Damien et al.

2013 • In Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 128 (3), p. 200-205

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/242292

DOI
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.021

PubMed
22980674

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Keywords :

Alcoholism; Impulsivity; Inhibitions; Beck Depression Inventory; DSM-IV; State Trait Anxiety Inventory; Stroop test; Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cues; Female; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; Inhibition (Psychology); Male; Memory, Short-Term; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales

Abstract :

[en] Background: Impulsivity is a hallmark of addictive behaviors. Addicts' weakened inhibition of irrelevant prepotent responses is commonly thought to explain this association. However, inhibition is not a unitary mechanism. This study investigated the efficiency of overcoming competition due to irrelevant responses (i.e., inhibition of a prepotent response) and overcoming competition in memory (i.e., resistance to proactive interference) in sober and recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals. Methods: Three cognitive tasks assessing the inhibition of a prepotent response (Hayling task, anti-saccade task and Stroop task) and two tasks tapping into the capacity to resist proactive interference (cued recall, Brown-Peterson variant) were administered to 30 non-amnesic recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals and 30 matched healthy participants without alcohol dependency. In addition, possible confounds such as verbal updating in working memory was assessed. Results: Alcohol-dependent subjects performed worse than healthy participants on the three cognitive tasks assessing the inhibition of irrelevant prepotent responses but group performance was similar in the tasks assessing overcoming proactive interference in memory, updating of working memory and abstract reasoning. Conclusions: These findings suggest that alcohol-dependence is mainly associated with impaired capacity to intentionally suppress irrelevant prepotent response information. Control of proactive interference from memory is preserved. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed. © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

Disciplines :

Neurosciences & behavior

Author, co-author :

Noël, Xavier; Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brugmann Campus, CP403/21, Place Van Gehuchten, 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium

Van der Linden, Martial ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie > Département de Psychologie

Brevers, Damien; Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brugmann Campus, CP403/21, Place Van Gehuchten, 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium

Campanella, Salvatore; Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brugmann Campus, CP403/21, Place Van Gehuchten, 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium

Verbanck, Paul; Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brugmann Campus, CP403/21, Place Van Gehuchten, 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium

Hanak, Catherine; Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brugmann Campus, CP403/21, Place Van Gehuchten, 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium

Kornreich, Charles; Psychological Medicine Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brugmann Campus, CP403/21, Place Van Gehuchten, 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium

Verbruggen, Frederick; Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Psychology, EX4 4QG Exeter, United Kingdom

Language :

English

Title :

Separating intentional inhibition of prepotent responses and resistance to proactive interference in alcohol-dependent individuals

Publication date :

2013

Journal title :

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

ISSN :

0376-8716

eISSN :

1879-0046

Publisher :

Elsevier, Netherlands

Volume :

128

Issue :

Pages :

200-205

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Name of the research project :

ES/J00815X/1

Funders :

ESRC - Economic and Social Research Council

Available on ORBi :

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