Advancing marine biogeochemical and ecosystem reanalyses and forecasts as tools for monitoring and managing ecosystem health

Fennel, K.; Gehlen, M.; Brasseur, P.; Brown, C. W.; Ciavatta, S.; Cossarini, G.; Crise, A.; Edwards, Christopher A.; Ford, D.; Friedrichs, M. A. M.; Grégoire, Marilaure; Jones, E.; Kim, H.-C.; Lamouroux, J.; Murtugudde, R.; Perruche, C.

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00089

Article (Scientific journals)

Advancing marine biogeochemical and ecosystem reanalyses and forecasts as tools for monitoring and managing ecosystem health

Fennel, K.; Gehlen, M.; Brasseur, P. et al.

2019 • In Frontiers in Marine Science, 6 (MAR)

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/241050

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10.3389/fmars.2019.00089

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Keywords :

Biogeochemical model; Climate projection; Ecological model; Forecasting; Reanalysis; Scenario

Abstract :

[en] Ocean ecosystems are subject to a multitude of stressors, including changes in ocean physics and biogeochemistry, and direct anthropogenic influences. Implementation of protective and adaptive measures for ocean ecosystems requires a combination of ocean observations with analysis and prediction tools. These can guide assessments of the current state of ocean ecosystems, elucidate ongoing trends and shifts, and anticipate impacts of climate change and management policies. Analysis and prediction tools are defined here as ocean circulation models that are coupled to biogeochemical or ecological models. The range of potential applications for these systems is broad, ranging from reanalyses for the assessment of past and current states, and short-term and seasonal forecasts, to scenario simulations including climate change projections. The objectives of this article are to illustrate current capabilities with regard to the three types of applications, and to discuss the challenges and opportunities. Representative examples of global and regional systems are described with particular emphasis on those in operational or pre-operational use. With regard to the benefits and challenges, similar considerations apply to biogeochemical and ecological prediction systems as do to physical systems. However, at present there are at least two major differences: (1) biogeochemical observation streams are much sparser than physical streams presenting a significant hinderance, and (2) biogeochemical and ecological models are largely unconstrained because of insufficient observations. Expansion of biogeochemical and ecological observation systems will allow for significant advances in the development and application of analysis and prediction tools for ocean biogeochemistry and ecosystems, with multiple societal benefits. © 2019 Fennel, Gehlen, Brasseur, Brown, Ciavatta, Cossarini, Crise, Edwards, Ford, Friedrichs, Gregoire, Jones, Kim, Lamouroux, Murtugudde, Perruche and the GODAE OceanView Marine Ecosystem Analysis and Prediction Task Team.

Research center :

FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège

Disciplines :

Earth sciences & physical geography

Author, co-author :

Fennel, K.; Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

Gehlen, M.; UMR8212 Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Brasseur, P.; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, IGE, Grenoble, France

Brown, C. W.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), College Park, MD, United States

Ciavatta, S.; National Centre for Earth Observation, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom

Cossarini, G.; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Trieste, Italy

Crise, A.; Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Trieste, Italy

Edwards, Christopher A.; Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States

Ford, D.; Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom

Friedrichs, M. A. M.; Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, United States

More authors (6 more)

Language :

English

Title :

Advancing marine biogeochemical and ecosystem reanalyses and forecasts as tools for monitoring and managing ecosystem health

Publication date :

2019

Journal title :

Frontiers in Marine Science

eISSN :

2296-7745

Publisher :

Frontiers Media S.A.

Volume :

Issue :

MAR

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 08 November 2019

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