Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Chronic Kidney DiseaseWorkGroup: KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation andmanagement of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl 3: 1-150, 2013
Delanaye P, Schaeffner E, EbertN, Cavalier E, Mariat C, Krzesinski JM, et al.: Normal reference values for glomerular filtration rate: What do we really know Nephrol Dial Transplant 27: 2664-2672, 2012
Poggio ED, Rule AD: Can we do better than a single estimated GFR threshold when screening for chronic kidney disease Kidney Int 72: 534-536, 2007
Poggio ED, Rule AD: A critical evaluation of chronic kidney disease-should isolated reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate be considered a 'disease' Nephrol Dial Transplant 24: 698-700, 2009
Tonna SJ: Invited commentary: Defining incident chronic kidney disease in epidemiologic study settings. Am J Epidemiol 170: 425-427, 2009
Bash LD, Coresh J, Köttgen A, Parekh RS, Fulop T, Wang Y, et al.: Defining incident chronic kidney disease in the research setting: The ARIC Study. Am J Epidemiol 170: 414-424, 2009
HsuCY, ChertowGM:Chronic renal confusion: Insufficiency, failure, dysfunction, or disease. Am J Kidney Dis 36: 415-418, 2000
Hall YN, Himmelfarb J: The CKD classification system in the precision medicine era. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 12: 346-348, 2017
Black C, van der Veer SN: Unlocking the value of variation in CKD prevalence. J Am Soc Nephrol 27: 1874-1877, 2016
Bauer C, MelamedML, HostetterTH: Stagingof chronic kidney disease: Time for a course correction. J AmSocNephrol 19: 844-846, 2008
Eknoyan G: Chronic kidney disease definition and classification: The quest for refinements. Kidney Int 72: 1183-1185, 2007
Wesson LG: Renal hemodynamics in physiologic states. In: Physiology of the Human Kidney, edited by Wesson LG, New York, Grune and Stratton, 1969, pp 96-108
Poggio ED, RuleAD, Tanchanco R, Arrigain S, Butler RS, Srinivas T, et al.: Demographic and clinical characteristics associated with glomerular filtration rates in living kidney donors. Kidney Int 75: 1079-1087, 2009
Pottel H, Hoste L, Yayo E, Delanaye P: Glomerular filtration rate in healthy living potential kidney donors: A meta-analysis. Nephron 135: 105-119, 2017
Gaillard F, Courbebaisse M, Kamar N, Rostaing L, Del Bello A, Girerd S, et al.: The age-calibrated measured glomerular filtration rate improves living kidney donation selection process. Kidney Int 94: 616-624, 2018
Matsushita K, van der Velde M, Astor BC, Woodward M, Levey AS, de Jong PE, et al.: Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium: Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: A collaborativemeta-analysis. Lancet 375: 2073-2081, 2010
Hallan SI, Matsushita K, Sang Y, Mahmoodi BK, Black C, Ishani A, et al.: Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium: Age and association of kidney measures with mortality and end-stage renal disease. JAMA 308: 2349-2360, 2012
Matsushita K, Ballew SH, Coresh J, Arima H, Ärnlöv J, Cirillo M, et al.: Chronic Kidney Disease PrognosisConsortium:Measures of chronic kidney disease and risk of incident peripheral artery disease: A collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 5: 718-728, 2017
Fox CS, Matsushita K, WoodwardM, Bilo HJ, Chalmers J, Heerspink HJ, et al.: Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium: Associations of kidney disease measures with mortality and end-stage renal disease in individuals with andwithout diabetes: A metaanalysis. Lancet 380: 1662-1673, 2012
Nitsch D, Grams M, Sang Y, Black C, Cirillo M, Djurdjev O, et al.: Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium: Associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria withmortality and renal failure by sex: A meta-analysis. BMJ 346: F324, 2013
Mahmoodi BK, Matsushita K, WoodwardM, Blankestijn PJ, Cirillo M, Ohkubo T, et al.: Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium: Associations of kidney disease measures with mortality and end-stage renal disease in individuals with and without hypertension: A meta-analysis. Lancet 380: 1649-1661, 2012
Matsushita K, Coresh J, Sang Y, Chalmers J, Fox C, Guallar E, et al.: CKD Prognosis Consortium: Estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria for prediction of cardiovascular outcomes: A collaborative metaanalysis of individual participant data. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 3: 514-525, 2015
Thomas B, Matsushita K, Abate KH, Al-Aly Z, Ärnlöv J, Asayama K, et al.: Global Burden of Disease 2013 GFR Collaborators; CKD Prognosis Consortium; Global Burden of Disease Genitourinary Expert Group: Global cardiovascular and renal outcomes of reduced GFR. J Am Soc Nephrol 28: 2167-2179, 2017
Wen CP, Matsushita K, Coresh J, Iseki K, Islam M, Katz R, et al.: Relative risks of chronic kidney disease for mortality and end-stage renal disease across races are similar. Kidney Int 86: 819-827, 2014
van der Velde M, Matsushita K, Coresh J, Astor BC, Woodward M, Levey A, et al.: Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium: Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A collaborative meta-analysis of high-risk population cohorts. Kidney Int 79: 1341-1352, 2011
Astor BC, Matsushita K, Gansevoort RT, van der VeldeM, WoodwardM, Levey AS, et al.: Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium: Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with mortality and end-stage renal disease. Acollaborative meta-analysisof kidneydisease population cohorts. Kidney Int 79: 1331-1340, 2011
Gansevoort RT, Matsushita K, van der Velde M, Astor BC, Woodward M, Levey AS, et al.: Lower estimated GFR and higher albuminuria are associated with adverse kidney outcomes. A collaborative meta-analysis of general and high-risk population cohorts. Kidney Int 80: 93-104, 2011
Hui X, Matsushita K, Sang Y, Ballew SH, Fülöp T, Coresh J: CKD and cardiovascular disease in the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study: Interactions with age, sex, race.AmJKidneyDis 62: 691-702, 2013
Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, McCulloch CE, Hsu CY: Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, hospitalization. N Engl JMed 351: 1296-1305, 2004
Tangri N, Stevens LA, Griffith J, Tighiouart H, Djurdjev O, Naimark D, et al.: A predictive model for progression of chronic kidney disease to kidney failure. JAMA 305: 1553-1559, 2011
Delanaye P, Glassock RJ, Pottel H, Rule AD: An age-calibrated definition of chronic kidney disease: Rationale and benefits. Clin Biochem Rev 37: 17-26, 2016
Glassock R, Denic A, Rule AD: When kidneys get old: An essay on nephro-geriatrics. J Bras Nefrol 39: 59-64, 2017
Glassock RJ:Con: Thresholds to define chronic kidney disease should not be age dependent. Nephrol Dial Transplant 29: 774-779, discussion 779-782, 2014
Denic A, Glassock RJ, Rule AD: Structural and functional changes with the aging kidney. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 23: 19-28, 2016
Manjunath G, Tighiouart H, Coresh J, Macleod B, Salem DN, Griffith JL, et al.: Level of kidney function as a risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes in the elderly. Kidney Int 63: 1121-1129, 2003
O'Hare AM, Bertenthal D, Covinsky KE, LandefeldCS, Sen S, Mehta K, et al.:Mortality risk stratification in chronic kidney disease: One size for all ages J Am Soc Nephrol 17: 846-853, 2006
Maaravi Y, Bursztyn M, Hammerman-Rozenberg R, Stessman J: Glomerular filtration rate estimation and mortality in an elderly population. QJM 100: 441-449, 2007
Hallan S, Astor B, Romundstad S, Aasarød K, Kvenild K, Coresh J: Association of kidney function and albuminuria with cardiovascular mortality in older vs younger individuals: The HUNT II Study. Arch Intern Med 167: 2490-2496, 2007
Brantsma AH, Bakker SJL, Hillege HL, de Zeeuw D, de Jong PE, Gansevoort RT; PREVEND Study Group: Cardiovascular and renal outcome in subjects with K/DOQI stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease: The importance of urinary albumin excretion. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23: 3851-3858, 2008
Hwang SJ, Lin MY, Chen HC, Hwang SC, Yang WC, Hsu CC, et al.: Increased risk of mortality in the elderly population with latestage chronic kidney disease: A cohort study in Taiwan. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23: 3192-3198, 2008
Roderick PJ, Atkins RJ, Smeeth L, Mylne A, Nitsch DD, Hubbard RB, et al.: CKD and mortality risk in older people: A communitybased population study in the United Kingdom. Am J Kidney Dis 53: 950-960, 2009
van der Velde M, Bakker SJL, de Jong PE, Gansevoort RT: Influence of age and measure of eGFR on the association between renal function and cardiovascular events. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 5: 2053-2059, 2010
Muntner P, Bowling CB, Gao L, RizkD, Judd S, Tanner RM, et al.: Age-specific association of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause mortality. Clin JAmSoc Nephrol 6: 2200-2207, 2011
Stengel B, Metzger M, Froissart M, Rainfray M, Berr C, Tzourio C, et al.: Epidemiology and prognostic significance of chronic kidney disease in the elderly-the Three-City prospective cohort study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26: 3286-3295, 2011
Van Pottelbergh G, Vaes B, Adriaensen W, Matheï C, Legrand D, Wallemacq P, et al.: The glomerular filtration rate estimated by new and old equations as a predictor of important outcomes in elderly patients. BMC Med 12: 27, 2014
Oh SW, Kim S, Na KY, Kim KW, Chae DW, Chin HJ: Glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria: Association with mortality and renal progression in a prospective cohort of a community-based elderly population. PLoS One 9: E94120, 2014
Minutolo R, Lapi F, Chiodini P, Simonetti M, Bianchini E, Pecchioli S, et al.: Risk of ESRD and death in patients with CKD not referred to a nephrologist: A 7-year prospective study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 9: 1586-1593, 2014
Malmgren L, McGuigan FE, Berglundh S, Westman K, Christensson A, Åkesson K: Declining estimated glomerular filtration rate and its association with mortality and comorbidity over 10 years in elderly women. Nephron 130: 245-255, 2015
Chowdhury EK, Langham RG, Owen A, Krum H, Wing LM, Nelson MR, et al.: Second Australian National Blood Pressure Study Management Committeem: Comparison of predictive performance of renal function estimation equations for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in an elderly hypertensive population. Am J Hypertens 28: 380-386, 2015
Nagai K, Sairenchi T, Irie F, Watanabe H, Ota H, Yamagata K: Relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate and cardiovascularmortality in a Japanese cohort with long-term follow-up. PLoS One 11: E0156792, 2016
Corsonello A, Pedone C, Bandinelli S, Ferrucci L, Antonelli Incalzi R: Predicting survival of older community-dwelling individuals according to five estimated glomerular filtration rate equations: The InChianti study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 18: 607-614, 2018
Wu J, Jia J, Li Z, Pan H, Wang A, Guo X, et al.: Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria with all-cause mortality incommunity-basedpopulationinChina:A result from Kailuan study. Sci Rep 8: 2157, 2018
O'Hare AM, Hailpern SM, Pavkov ME, Rios-Burrows N, Gupta I, Maynard C, et al.: Prognostic implications of the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio in veterans of different ages with diabetes. Arch Intern Med 170: 930-936, 2010
Gansevoort RT, Correa-Rotter R, Hemmelgarn BR, Jafar TH, Heerspink HJ, Mann JF, et al.: Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: Epidemiology, mechanisms, prevention. Lancet 382: 339-352, 2013
Shardlow A, McIntyre NJ, Fluck RJ, McIntyre CW, Taal MW: Chronic kidney disease in primary care: Outcomes after five years in a prospective cohort study. PLoS Med 13: E1002128, 2016
Raymond NT, Zehnder D, Smith SC, Stinson JA, Lehnert H, Higgins RM: Elevated relative mortality risk with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease decreases with age. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 3214-3220, 2007
Wyatt CM: A rose by any other name: Is stage 3a chronic kidney disease really a disease Kidney Int 91: 6-8, 2017
Moranne O, FroissartM, Rossert J, Gauci C, Boffa JJ, Haymann JP, et al.: NephroTest Study Group: Timing of onset of CKD-related metabolic complications. J Am Soc Nephrol 20: 164-171, 2009
Drawz PE, Babineau DC, Rahman M: Metabolic complications in elderly adults with chronic kidney disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 60: 310-315, 2012
Bowling CB, Muntner P, Sawyer P, Sanders PW, KutnerN, Kennedy R, et al.: Community mobility among older adults with reduced kidney function: A study of life-space. Am J Kidney Dis 63: 429-436, 2014
Fried LF, Lee JS, Shlipak M, Chertow GM, Green C, Ding J, et al.: Chronic kidney disease and functional limitation in older people: Health, aging and body composition study. J Am Geriatr Soc 54: 750-756, 2006
Rule AD, Amer H, Cornell LD, Taler SJ, Cosio FG, Kremers WK, et al.: The association between age and nephrosclerosis on renal biopsy among healthy adults. Ann Intern Med 152: 561-567, 2010
Denic A, Lieske JC, Chakkera HA, Poggio ED, Alexander MP, Singh P, et al.: The substantial loss of nephrons in healthy human kidneys with aging. J Am Soc Nephrol 28: 313-320, 2017
Denic A, Mathew J, Lerman LO, Lieske JC, Larson JJ, Alexander MP, et al.: Singlenephron glomerular filtration rate in healthy adults.N Engl J Med 376: 2349-2357, 2017
Tan JC, Busque S, Workeneh B, Ho B, Derby G, Blouch KL, et al.: Effects of aging on glomerular function and number in living kidney donors. Kidney Int 78: 686-692, 2010
Hommos MS, Zeng C, Liu Z, Troost JP, Rosenberg AZ, Palmer M, et al.: Global glomerulosclerosis with nephrotic syndrome; the clinical importance of age adjustment. Kidney Int 93: 1175-1182, 2018
Srivastava A, Palsson R, Kaze AD, Chen ME, Palacios P, Sabbisetti V, et al.: The prognostic value of histopathologic lesions in native kidney biopsy specimens: Results from the boston kidney biopsy cohort study.JAm Soc Nephrol 29: 2213-2224, 2018
Yayo E, Ayé M, Yao C, Gnionsahé A, Attoungbré M-L, Cavalier E, et al.: Measured (and estimated) glomerular filtration rate: Reference values in West Africa. Nephrol Dial Transplant 33: 1176-1180, 2018
Hogeman O: Normal individuals. Acta Med Scand Suppl 131: 99-108, 1948
Bucht H: Studies on renal function in man; with special reference to glomerular filtration and renal plasma flow in pregnancy. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 3[Suppl 3]: 1-64, 1951
Slack TK, Wilson DM: Normal renal function: CIN and CPAH in healthy donors before and after nephrectomy. Mayo Clin Proc 51: 296-300, 1976
Landahl S, Aurell M, Jagenburg R: Glomerular filtration rate at the age of 70 and 75. J Clin Exp Gerontol 3: 29-45, 1981
Granerus G, Aurell M: Reference values for 51Cr-EDTA clearance as a measure of glomerular filtration rate. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 41: 611-616, 1981
Hamilton D, Riley P, Miola U, Mousa D, Popovich W, al Khader A: Total plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA: Variation with age and sex in normal adults. Nucl Med Commun 21: 187-192, 2000
Rule AD, Gussak HM, Pond GR, Bergstralh EJ, Stegall MD, Cosio FG, et al.: Measured and estimated GFR in healthy potential kidney donors. Am J Kidney Dis 43: 112-119, 2004
Grewal GS, Blake GM: Reference data for 51Cr-EDTA measurements of the glomerular filtration rate derived fromlive kidney donors. Nucl Med Commun 26: 61-65, 2005
Barai S, Bandopadhayaya GP, Patel CD, Rathi M, Kumar R, Bhowmik D, et al.: Do healthy potential kidney donors in India have an average glomerular filtration rate of 81.4 ml/min Nephron, Physiol 101: 21-26, 2005
Berg UB: Differences in decline in GFR with age between males and females. Reference data on clearances of inulin and PAH in potential kidney donors. Nephrol Dial Transplant 21: 2577-2582, 2006
Jafar TH, Islam M, Jessani S, Bux R, Inker LA, Mariat C, et al.: Level and determinants of kidney function in a South Asian population in Pakistan. Am J Kidney Dis 58: 764-772, 2011
Ma YC, Zuo L, Chen L, Su ZM, Meng S, Li JJ, et al.: Distribution of measured GFR in apparently healthy Chinese adults. Am J Kidney Dis 56: 420-421, 2010
Soares AA, Prates AB, Weinert LS, Veronese FV, de Azevedo MJ, Silveiro SP: Reference values for glomerular filtration rate in healthy Brazilian adults. BMC Nephrol 14: 54, 2013
Peters AM, Perry L, Hooker CA, Howard B, Neilly MD, Seshadri N, et al.: Extracellular fluid volume and glomerular filtration rate in 1878 healthy potential renal transplant donors: Effects of age, gender, obesity and scaling. Nephrol Dial Transplant 27: 1429-1437, 2012
Holness JL, Fleming JS, Malaroda AL, Warwick JM: (99m)Tc-DTPA volume of distribution, half-life and glomerular filtration rate in normal adults. Nucl Med Commun 34: 1005-1014, 2013
De Santo NG, Capasso G, Anastasio P, Coppola S, Policastro M, Bellini L, et al.: Renal functional reserve. Child Nephrol Urol 11: 140-145, 1991
Davies DF, Shock NW: Age changes in glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow, tubular excretory capacity in adult males. J Clin Invest 29: 496-507, 1950
Shock NW: Kidney function tests in aged males. Geriatrics 1: 232-239, 1946
Horio M, Yasuda Y, Kaimori J, Ichimaru N, Isaka Y, Takahara S, et al.: Performance of the Japanese GFR equation in potential kidney donors. Clin Exp Nephrol 16: 415-420, 2012
Hoang K, Tan JC, Derby G, Blouch KL, Masek M, Ma I, et al.: Determinants of glomerular hypofiltration in aging humans. Kidney Int 64: 1417-1424, 2003
Teo BW, Xu H, Koh YY, Li J, Subramanian S, Sinha AK, et al.: Glomerular filtration rates in healthy Asians without kidney disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 19: 72-79, 2014
den Bakker E, Gemke RJBJ, Bökenkamp A: Endogenous markers for kidney function in children: A review. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 55: 163-183, 2018
Pottel H, Delanaye P, Weekers L, Selistre L, Goffin K, GheysensO, et al.: Age-dependent reference intervals for estimated and measured glomerular filtration rate. Clin Kidney J 10: 545-551, 2017
Bäck SE, Ljungberg B, Nilsson-Ehle I, BorgåO, Nilsson-Ehle P: Age dependence of renal function: Clearance of iohexol and p-amino hippurate in healthymales. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 49: 641-646, 1989
Pottel H, Hoste L, Dubourg L, Ebert N, Schaeffner E, Eriksen BO, et al.: An estimated glomerular filtration rate equation for the full age spectrum. Nephrol Dial Transplant 31: 798-806, 2016
Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF 3rd, Feldman HI, et al.: CKDEPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration): A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med 150: 604-612, 2009
Schaeffner ES, Ebert N, Delanaye P, Frei U, Gaedeke J, Jakob O, et al.: Two novel equations to estimate kidney function in persons aged 70 years or older. Ann Intern Med 157: 471-481, 2012
Baba M, Shimbo T, Horio M, Ando M, Yasuda Y, Komatsu Y, et al.: Longitudinal study of the decline in renal function in healthy subjects. PLoS One 10: E0129036, 2015
Benghanem GharbiM, ElseviersM, ZamdM, Belghiti Alaoui A, Benahadi N, Trabelssi H, et al.: Chronic kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity in the adult population of Morocco: How to avoid "over"-A nd "under"-diagnosis of CKD. Kidney Int 89: 1363-1371, 2016
van den Brand JA, van Boekel GA, Willems HL, Kiemeney LA, den Heijer M, Wetzels JF: Introduction of the CKD-EPI equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate in a Caucasian population. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26: 3176-3181, 2011
Wetzels JF, Kiemeney LA, Swinkels DW, Willems HL, den HeijerM: Age-A nd genderspecific reference values of estimated GFR in Caucasians: The Nijmegen Biomedical study. Kidney Int 72: 632-637, 2007
Elseviers MM, Verpooten GA, De Broe ME, De Backer GG: Interpretation of creatinine clearance. Lancet 1: 457, 1987
Ebert N, Jakob O, Gaedeke J, van der GietM, KuhlmannMK, Martus P, et al.: Prevalence of reduced kidney function and albuminuria in older adults: The Berlin initiative study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 32: 997-1005, 2017
Lindeman RD, Tobin J, Shock NW: Longitudinal studies on the rate of decline in renal function with age. J Am Geriatr Soc 33: 278-285, 1985
Kasiske BL, Anderson-Haag T, Israni AK, Kalil RS, Kimmel PL, Kraus ES, et al.: A prospective controlled study of living kidney donors: Three-year follow-up. Am J Kidney Dis 66: 114-124, 2015
Rowe JW, Andres R, Tobin JD, Norris AH, Shock NW: The effect of age on creatinine clearance in men: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. JGerontol 31: 155-163, 1976
Cohen E, Nardi Y, Krause I, Goldberg E, Milo G, Garty M, et al.: A longitudinal assessment of the natural rate of decline in renal function with age. J Nephrol 27: 635-641, 2014
Hollenberg NK, Rivera A, Meinking T, Martinez G, McCullough M, Passan D, et al.: Age, renal perfusion and function in island-dwelling indigenous Kuna Amerinds of Panama. Nephron 82: 131-138, 1999
O'Sullivan ED, Hughes J, Ferenbach DA: Renal aging: Causes and consequences. J Am Soc Nephrol 28: 407-420, 2017
Imai E, HorioM, Yamagata K, Iseki K, Hara S, Ura N, et al.: Slower decline of glomerular filtration rate in the Japanese general population: A longitudinal 10-year follow-up study. Hypertens Res 31: 433-441, 2008
Lauretani F, Semba RD, Bandinelli S, Miller ER 3rd, Ruggiero C, Cherubini A, et al.: Plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and the decline of renal function. Clin Chem 54: 475-481, 2008
Bolignano D, Mattace-Raso F, Sijbrands EJG, Zoccali C: The aging kidney revisited: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 14: 65-80, 2014
Jiang S, Sun X, Gu H, Chen Y, Xi C, Qiao X, et al.: Age-related change in kidney function, its influencing factors, association with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in healthy individuals-a 5-year follow-up study. Maturitas 73: 230-238, 2012
Delanaye P, Glassock RJ: Glomerular filtration rate and aging: Another longitudinal study-A long time coming! Nephron 131: 1-4, 2015
Eriksen BO, Ingebretsen OC: The progression of chronic kidney disease: A 10-year population-based study of the effects of gender and age. Kidney Int 69: 375-382, 2006
Eriksen BO, Stefansson VTN, Jenssen TG, Mathisen UD, Schei J, Solbu MD, et al.: Elevated blood pressure is not associated with accelerated glomerular filtration rate decline in the general non-diabetic middleaged population. Kidney Int 90: 404-410, 2016
Rule AD, Glassock RJ: Chronic kidney disease: Classification of CKD should be about more than prognosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 9: 697-698, 2013
Glassock RJ, Winearls C: An epidemic of chronic kidney disease: Fact or fiction Nephrol Dial Transplant 23: 1117-1121, 2008
Delanaye P, Cavalier E: Staging chronic kidney disease and estimating glomerular filtration rate: An opinion paper about the new international recommendations. Clin Chem Lab Med 51: 1911-1917, 2013
Glassock RJ, Rule AD: The implications of anatomical and functional changes of the aging kidney: With an emphasis on the glomeruli. Kidney Int 82: 270-277, 2012
Wetzels JF, Willems HL, den HeijerM: Ageand gender-specific reference values of estimated glomerular filtration rate in a Caucasian population: Results of theNijmegen Biomedical study. Kidney Int 73: 657-658, 2008
Ellam T, Twohig H, Khwaja A: Chronic kidney disease in elderly people: Disease or disease label BMJ 352: H6559, 2016
Moynihan R, Glassock R, Doust J: Chronic kidney disease controversy: How expanding definitions are unnecessarily labelling many people as diseased. BMJ 347: F4298, 2013
Botev R, Mallié JP, Wetzels JF, Couchoud C, SchückO: The clinician and estimation of glomerular filtration rate by creatinine-based formulas: Current limitations and quo vadis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 6: 937-950, 2011
De Broe ME, GharbiMB, Zamd M, Elseviers M: Why overestimate or underestimate chronic kidney disease when correct estimation is possibleNephrolDial Transplant 32[suppl_2]: Ii136-ii141, 2017
Roderick PJ, Atkins RJ, Smeeth L, Nitsch DM, Hubbard RB, Fletcher AE, et al.: Detecting chronic kidney disease in older people; what are the implications [published correction appears in Age Ageing 2009; 38: 638]. Age Ageing 37: 179-186, 2008
Boele-Schutte E, Gansevoort RT:Measured GFR: Not a gold, but a gold-plated standard. Nephrol Dial Transplant 32 [suppl 2]: Ii180-ii184, 2017
Soveri I, Berg UB, Björk J, ElinderCG, GrubbA, Mejare I, et al; SBU GFR Review Group: Measuring GFR: A systematic review. Am J Kidney Dis 64: 411-424, 2014
Björk J, Bäck SE, Ebert N, Evans M, Grubb A, Hansson M, et al.: GFR estimation based on standardized creatinine and cystatin C: A european multicenter analysis in older adults. Clin Chem Lab Med 56: 422-435, 2018
Glassock R, Delanaye P, El Nahas M: An age-calibrated classification of chronic kidney disease. JAMA 314: 559-560, 2015
Pottel H, Hoste L, Delanaye P: Abnormal glomerular filtration rate in children, adolescents and young adults starts below 75 mL/min/1.73 m(2).PediatrNephrol 30: 821-828, 2015
Mills KT, Xu Y, Zhang W, Bundy JD, Chen CS, Kelly TN, et al: A systematic analysis of worldwide population-based data on the global burden of chronic kidney disease in 2010. Kidney Int 88: 950-957, 2015
Hill NR, Fatoba ST, Oke JL, Hirst JA, O'Callaghan CA, Lasserson DS, et al.: Global prevalence of chronic kidney disease-A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 11: E0158765, 2016
Gambaro G, Yabarek T, Graziani MS, Gemelli A, Abaterusso C, FrigoAC, et al.: INCIPE Study Group: Prevalence of CKD in northeastern Italy: Results of the INCIPE study and comparisonwithNHANES. Clin J AmSoc Nephrol 5: 1946-1953, 2010
De Nicola L, Donfrancesco C, Minutolo R, Lo Noce C, Palmieri L, De Curtis A, et al.: ANMCO-SIN Research Group: Prevalence and cardiovascular risk profile of chronic kidney disease in Italy: Results of the 2008-12 National Health Examination Survey. Nephrol Dial Transplant 30: 806-814, 2015
Coresh J, Selvin E, Stevens LA, Manzi J, Kusek JW, Eggers P, et al.: Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States. JAMA 298: 2038-2047, 2007
Zdrojewski, Zdrojewski T, Rutkowski M, Bandosz P, Król E, Wyrzykowski B, et al.: Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in a representative sample of the polish population: Results of the NATPOL 2011 survey. Nephrol Dial Transplant 31: 433-439, 2016
Zdrojewski, Król E, Rutkowski B, PiotrowskiW, Pajk A, Drygas W, et al.: Chronic kidney disease in polish elderly population aged 75+: Results of the WOBASZ Senior Survey. Int Urol Nephrol 49: 669-676, 2017
Wen CP, Cheng TYD, Tsai MK, Chang YC, Chan HT, Tsai SP, et al.: All-cause mortality attributable to chronic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study based on 462 293 adults in Taiwan. Lancet 371: 2173-2182, 2008
Hallan SI, ∅vrehus MA, Romundstad S, Rifkin D, Langhammer A, Stevens PE, et al: Long-termtrends inthe prevalence of chronic kidney disease and the influence of cardiovascular risk factors in Norway. Kidney Int 90: 665-673, 2016
Xie Y, Bowe B, Mokdad AH, Xian H, Yan Y, Li T, et al.: Analysis of the Global burden of disease study highlights the global, regional, national trends of chronic kidney disease epidemiology from 1990 to 2016. Kidney Int 94: 567-581, 2018
Brück K, Stel VS, Gambaro G, Hallan S, Völzke H, Ärnlöv J, et al.: European CKD Burden Consortium: CKD prevalence varies across the european general population. J AmSoc Nephrol 27: 2135-2147, 2016
PottelH, Delanaye P, Schaeffner E, Dubourg L, Eriksen BOBO, Melsom T, et al.: Estimating glomerular filtration rate for the full age spectrum from serum creatinine and cystatin C. Nephrol Dial Transplant 32: 497-507, 2017
Delanaye P, Cavalier E, Krzesinski JM: Chronic kidney disease in Taiwan. Lancet 372: 1950, author reply 1950-1951, 2008
JamesMT, HemmelgarnBR, WiebeN, PannuN, Manns BJ, Klarenbach SW, et al.: Alberta Kidney Disease Network: Glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, the incidence and consequences of acute kidney injury: A cohort study. Lancet 376: 2096-2103, 2010
SchreuderMF: Life with one kidney. Pediatr Nephrol 33: 595-604, 2018
Abitbol CL, DeFreitas MJ, Strauss J: Assessment of kidney function in preterm infants: Lifelong implications. Pediatr Nephrol 31: 2213-2222, 2016
Yamakawa S, Nagai T, Uemura O: Down syndrome and mild kidney dysfunction. Pediatr Int (Roma) 60: 391-393, 2018
Ellis MJ, Parikh CR, Inrig JK, Kanbay M, Patel UD: Chronic kidney disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: A systematic review [published correction appears in Am J Transplant 2009; 9: 865]. Am J Transplant 8: 2378-2390, 2008
O'Hare AM, Hotchkiss JR, Kurella Tamura M, Larson EB, Hemmelgarn BR, Batten A, et al.: Interpreting treatment effects from clinical trials in the context of real-world risk information: End-stage renal disease prevention in older adults. JAMA Intern Med 174: 391-397, 2014
