Induced Polarization; Biogeophysics; Complex conductivity; Microbial Cells; Plant; Trees
Abstract :
[en] This paper provides an update on the fast-evolving field of the induced polarization (IP) method applied to biogeophysics. It emphasizes recent advances in the understanding of IP signals stemming from biological activity, points out new developments and applications, and identifies existing knowledge gaps. The focus of this review is on the application of IP to study living organisms: soil microorganisms and plants (both roots and stems). We first discuss observed links between the IP signal and microbial cell structure, activity and biofilm formation. We provide an up-to-date conceptual model of the electrical behavior of the microbial cell and biofilms under the influence of an external electrical field, and examine the role of extracellular electron transfer mechanisms on the functionality and development of biofilms. We review the latest biogeophysical studies, including work on hydrocarbon biodegradation, contaminant sequestration, soil strengthening and peatland characterization. We then elaborate on the IP signature of the plant root zone, relying on a conceptual model for the generation of biogeophysical signals from a plant root cell. The first laboratory experiments show that single roots and root system are highly polarizable. They also present encouraging results for imaging the root system, embedded in a medium, and gaining information on the mass density, the structure or the physiological characteristics of root system. In addition we highlight the application of IP to characterize wood and tree structures in the lab and at the field scale, through tomography of the stem. Finally, we discuss up- and down-scaling between lab and field studies as well as joint interpretation. We emphasize the need for intermediate scale studies and the benefits of using IP as a time-lapse monitoring method. We conclude with the promising integration of IP in mechanistic models to better understand and quantify subsurface biogeochemical processes.
Disciplines :
Geological, petroleum & mining engineering
Author, co-author :
Kessouri, P.; BRGM, French geological survey
Furman, A.; Technion > Civil and Environmental Engineering Department
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