Apergis, N., Aye, G.C., Barros, C.P., Gupta, R., Wanke, P., Energy efficiency of selected OECD countries: a slacks based model with undesirable outputs. Energy Econ. 51 (2015), 45–53.
Badunenko, O., Henderson, D.J., Russell, R.R., Polarization of the worldwide distribution of productivity. J. Prod. Anal. 40 (2013), 153–171.
Bampatsou, C., Papadopoulos, S., Zervas, E., Technical efficiency of economic systems of EU-15 countries based on energy consumption. Energy Policy 55 (2013), 426–434.
Barro, R.J., Economic growth in a cross section of countries. Q. J. Econ. 106 (1991), 407–443.
Barro, R.J., Lee, J.W., A new data set of educational attainment in the world. J. Dev. Econ. 104 (2013), 184–198.
Baumol, W., Productivity growth, convergence, and welfare: what the long-run data show. Am. Econ. Rev. 76:5 (1986), 1072–1085.
Bichou, K., A two-stage supply chain DEA model for measuring container-terminal efficiency. Int. J. Shipping Transp. Logist. 3 (2011), 6–26.
Cantore, N., Cali, M., te Velde, D.W., Does energy efficiency improve technological change and economic growth in developing countries?. Energy Policy 92 (2016), 279–285.
Cherchye, L., De Rock, B., Walheer, B., Reducing energy use without affecting economic objectives: a sectoral analysis. The Next Generation of Economic Issues in Energy Policy in Europe, 2014, CEPR Press.
Cherchye, L., De Rock, B., Walheer, B., Multi-output efficiency with good and bad outputs. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 240:3 (2015), 872–881.
Cherchye, L., De Rock, B., Walheer, B., Multi-output profit efficiency and directional distance functions. Omega 61:C (2016), 100–109.
Cook, W.D., Seiford, L.M., Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) — thirty years on. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 192 (2009), 1–17.
Cooper, W.W., Seiford, L.M., Tone, K., Data Envelopment Analysis: A Comprehensive Text with Models, Applications References and DEA-Solver Software. Second, 2007, Springer Edition.
Cooper, W.W., Seiford, L.M., Zhu, J., Handbook on Data Envelopment Analysis. Second, 2004, Springer Edition.
Färe, R., Grosskopf, S., Lovell, C.A.K., Production Frontier. 1994, Cambridge University Press.
Färe, R., Zelenyuk, V., On Farrell's decomposition and aggregation. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 146 (2003), 615–620.
Fried, H., Lovell, C.A.K., S., S. The Measurement of Productive Efficiency and Productivity Change. 2008, Oxford University Press.
Hall, R., Jones, C., Why do some countries produce so much more output per worker than others. Q. J. Econ. 114:1 (1999), 83–116.
Henderson, D.J., Russell, R.R., Human capital and convergence: a production-frontier approach. Int. Econ. Rev. 46:4 (2005), 1167–1205.
Hoff, A., Second stage DEA: comparison of approaches for modelling the DEA score. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 181 (2007), 425–435.
Kumar, S., Russell, R., Technological change, technological catch-up, and capital deepening: relative contributions to growth and convergence. Am. Econ. Rev. 92:3 (2002), 527–548.
Li, Y., Chen, Y., Liang, L., Xie, J.H., DEA models for extended two-stage network structures. Omega 40 (2012), 611–618.
Liang, L., Yang, F., Cook, W.D., Zhu, J., DEA models for supply chain efficiency evaluation. Ann. Oper. Res. 145 (2006), 35–49.
Lucas, R.E., On the mechanics of economic development. J. Monet. Econ. 22 (1988), 3–42.
McDonald, J., Using least squares and Tobit in second stage DEA efficiency analyses. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 197 (2009), 792–798.
Pasimeni, F., Pasimeni, P., An institutional analysis of the Europe 2020 strategy. Soc. Indic. Res. 127 (2016), 1021–1038.
Psacharopoulos, G., Returns to investment in education: a global update. World Dev. 22 (1994), 1325–1343.
Rappai, G., Europe en route to 2020: a new way of evaluating the overall fulfillment of the Europe 2020 strategic goals. Soc. Indic. Res. 129 (2016), 77–93.
Romer, P.M., Human capital and growth: theory and evidence. Carn.-Roch. Conf. Ser. Public Policy 32 (1990), 251–286.
Simar, L., Wilson, P.W., Estimation and inference in two-stage, semi-parametric models of production processes. J. Econ. 136 (2007), 31–64.
Solow, R., A contribution to the theory of economic growth. Q. J. Econ. 70:1 (1956), 65–94.
Song, M.L., Zhang, L.L., Liu, W., Fisher, R., A bootstrap-DEA analysis of BRICS’ energy efficiency based on small sample data. Appl. Energy 112 (2013), 1049–1055.
Tone, K., A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 130 (2001), 498–509.
Walheer, B., A multi-sector nonparametric production-frontier analysis of the economic growth and the convergence of the European countries. Pac. Econ. Rev. 21:4 (2016), 498–524.
Walheer, B., Growth and convergence of the OECD countries: a multi-sector production-frontier approach. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 252 (2016), 665–675.
Walheer, B., Decomposing the Europe 2020 Index. 2017, Social Indicators Research, 10.1007/s11205.
Walheer, B., Aggregation of metafrontier technology gap ratios: the case of European sectors in 1995–2015. Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2018, 10.1016/j.ejor.2018.02.048.
Walheer, B., Disaggregation of the Cost Malmquist Productivity Index with joint and output-specific inputs. Omega 75 (2018), 1–12.
Walheer, B., Is constant returns-to-scale a restrictive assumption for sector-level empirical macroeconomics? The case of Europe. Appl. Econ. Lett., 2018, 10.1080/13504851.2018.1458186.
Walheer, B., Labour productivity growth and energy in Europe: a production-frontier approach. Energy, 2018, 10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.133.
Walheer, B., Malmquist productivity index for multi-output producers: an application to electricity generation plants. Socio Econ. Plan. Sci., 2018, 10.1016/j.seps.2018.02.003.
Walheer, B., Scale efficiency for multi-output cost minimizing producers: the case of the US electricity plants. Energy Econ. 70 (2018), 26–36.
Walheer, B., Scale, congestion, and technical efficiency of European countries: a sector-based nonparametric approach. Empir. Econ., 2018, 10.1007/s00181-018-1426-7.
Wang, K., Feng, C., Sources of production inefficiency and productivity growth in China: a global data envelopment analysis. Energy Econ. 49 (2015), 380–389.
Wang, K., Lu, B., Wei, Y.M., China's regional energy and environmental efficiency: a range-adjusted measure based analysis. Appl. Energy 112 (2013), 1403–1415.
Zelenyuk, V., Aggregation of scale efficiency. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 240 (2016), 269–277.
Zha, Y., Liang, L., Two-stage cooperation model with input freely distributed among the stages. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 205 (2010), 332–338.
Zhang, X.P., Cheng, X.M., Yuan, J.H., Gao, X.J., Total-factor energy efficiency in developing countries. Energy Policy 39 (2011), 644–650.
Zhou, P., Ang, B.W., Linear programming models for measuring economy-wide energy efficiency performance. Energy Policy 36 (2008), 2911–2916.