  | Bignandi, S., & Walheer, B. (2026). The contribution of skilled and unskilled workers to capital productivity: the case of Belgian firms. Review of World Economics. doi:10.1007/s10290-025-00628-x  Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., Peypoch, N., & Zhang, L. (November 2025). Measuring performance variability: A Meta-Heterogeneity Index approach in tourism research. Tourism Management, 113, 105329. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2025.105329 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Tan, Y., & Walheer, B. (September 2025). On decomposing the energy rebound effect. Energy Economics, 149, 108770. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108770 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., & Perelman, S. (June 2025). Resource capacity and economic growth convergence. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 63 (3), 317 - 338. doi:10.1007/s11123-025-00755-5 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (December 2024). Agro-Climatic Environment Heterogeneity and Productivity Convergence. Journal of Quantitative Economics: Journal of the Indian Econometric Society, 22 (4), 1001 - 1037. doi:10.1007/s40953-024-00411-z Peer reviewed |
 | Mwaku, J., Perelman, S., Walheer, B., & Mapapa, M. (October 2024). Effectiveness and efficiency of urban water access in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A panel directional approach. Environmental Science and Policy, 160, 103837. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2024.103837 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Nsabimana, R., Perelman, S., Walheer, B., & Mapapa, M. (June 2024). Effectiveness and efficiency in access to reliable electricity: The case of East African countries. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 93, 101898. doi:10.1016/j.seps.2024.101898 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (June 2024). Meta-frontier: literature review and toolkit. Operational Research, 24 (2). doi:10.1007/s12351-024-00830-z Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Tan, Y., & Walheer, B. (June 2024). Stability and economic performances in the banking industry: The case of China. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 95, 326 - 345. doi:10.1016/j.qref.2024.04.009 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., & Bignandi, S. (2024). Have countries accumulated enough capital? A non-parametric approach. Applied Economics Letters, 1-7. doi:10.1080/13504851.2024.2323139 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2024). One world several technologies ? A nonparametric test of club technology convergence. Applied Economics Letters, 1-9. doi:10.1080/13504851.2023.2178621 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2024). A sequential benefit-of-the-doubt composite indicator. European Journal of Operational Research. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2024.01.029 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Gautier, A., Nsabimana, R., & Walheer, B. (June 2023). Quality performance gaps and minimal electricity losses in East Africa. Utilities Policy, 82, 101558. doi:10.1016/j.jup.2023.101558 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2023). Meta-frontier and technology switchers: A nonparametric approach. European Journal of Operational Research, 305, 463-474. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2022.05.038 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (September 2022). Cross-efficiency for advanced manufacturing technology selection: A multi-task approach. RAIRO: Recherche Opérationnelle, 56 (5), 3471 - 3490. doi:10.1051/ro/2022158 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2022). Global Malmquist and cost Malmquist indexes for group comparison. Journal of Productivity Analysis. doi:10.1007/s11123-022-00640-5 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Liu, F., & Walheer, B. (2022). Financial inclusion, financial technology, and economic development: a composite index approach. Empirical Economics. doi:10.1007/s00181-021-02178-1 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., & Zhang, L. (2022). TOURISM PRODUCTIVITY INDICATORS IN A MULTIACTIVITY FRAMEWORK. Tourism Analysis, 27 (2), 233 - 236. doi:10.3727/108354221X16186396395746 Peer reviewed |
  | Walheer, B. (2021). A directional technology convergence index. Economics Bulletin. Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2021). Labour productivity and technology heterogeneity. Journal of Macroeconomics, 68, 103290. doi:10.1016/j.jmacro.2021.103290 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., Zhang, L., & Luo, Y. (2020). Bidirectional technological spillover in the Chinese star-rated hotel sector: an empirical investigation. Economic Modelling, 86, 210-226. doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2019.06.013 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Perelman, S., & Walheer, B. (2020). Economic growth and under-investment: A nonparametric approach. Economics Letters, 186. doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2019.108824 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., & He, M. (2020). Spillovers and path dependences in the Chinese manufacturing industry: a firm-level analysis. Journal of Development Studies, 56. doi:10.1080/00220388.2019.1605058 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2020). A sector-based nonparametric decomposition of economic growth. Economics and Business Letters, 9. doi:10.17811/ebl.9.2.2020.48-55 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., & He, M. (2020). Technology intensity and ownership in the Chinese manufacturing industry: A labor productivity decomposition approach. National Accounting Review, 2. doi:10.3934/NAR.2020007 Peer reviewed |
 | Walheer, B., & He, M. (2020). Technical efficiency and technology gap of the manufacturing industry in China: Does firm ownership matter? World Development: the Multi-Disciplinary International Journal Devoted to the Study and Promotion of World Development, (127), 104769. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104769 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2020). Output, input, and undesirable output interconnections in Data Envelopment Analysis: convexity and returns-to-scale. Annals of Operations Research, 284, 447–467. doi:10.1007/s10479-018-3006-9 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). How foreign investments contribute to economic growth of industrial parks in China: a production frontier decomposition approach. Applied Economics Letters, 26, 281-285. doi:10.1080/13504851.2018.1467545 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). Malmquist productivity index for multi-output producers: An application to electricity generation plants. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 65, 76-88. doi:10.1016/j.seps.2018.02.003 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). Aggregating Farrell efficiencies with private and public inputs. European Journal of Operational Research, 276 (3), 1170-1177. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2019.01.071 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). Disaggregation for efficiency analysis. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 51 (2-3), 137–151. doi:10.1007/s11123-019-00546-9 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). Disentangling Heterogeneity Gaps and Pure Performance Differences in Composite Indexes Over Time: The Case of the Europe 2020 Strategy. Social Indicators Research, 143 (1), 25–45. doi:10.1007/s11205-018-1974-4 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., & Hudik, M. (2019). Reallocation of resources in multi-divisional firms: a nonparametric approach. International Journal of Production Economics, 214, 196-205. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.04.020 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). Scale, congestion, and technical efficiency of European countries: a sector-based nonparametric approach. Empirical Economics, 56 (6), 2025-2078. doi:10.1007/s00181-018-1426-7 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). Is constant returns-to-scale a restrictive assumption for sector-level empirical macroeconomics? The case of Europe. Applied Economics Letters, 26 (3), 231-236. doi:10.1080/13504851.2018.1458186 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). Dynamic directional nonparametric profit efficiency analysis for a single decision making unit: an aggregation approach. OR Spectrum, 41, 1123-1149. doi:10.1007/s00291-019-00564-x Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2019). Input allocation in multi-output settings: nonparametric robust efficiency measurements. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 70, 2127-2142. doi:10.1080/01605682.2018.1516175 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2018). Aggregation of metafrontier technology gap ratios the case of European sectors in 1995–2015. European Journal of Operational Research, 269, 1013-1026. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2018.02.048 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2018). Economic growth and greenhouse gases in Europe: A non-radial multi-sector nonparametric production-frontier analysis. Energy Economics, 74, 51-62. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2018.05.028 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2018). Cost Malmquist productivity index: an output-specific approach for group comparison. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 49 (1), 79-94. doi:10.1007/s11123-017-0523-5 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2018). Disaggregation of the cost Malmquist productivity index with joint and output-specific inputs. Omega: the International Journal of Management Science, 75, 1-12. doi:10.1016/j.omega.2017.01.012 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2018). Decomposing the Europe 2020 Index. Social Indicators Research, 140 (3), 875–905. doi:10.1007/s11205-017-1797-8 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2018). Scale efficiency for multi-output cost minimizing producers: The case of the US electricity plants. Energy Economics, 70, 26-36. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2017.12.017 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2018). Labour productivity growth and energy in Europe: a production-frontier approach. Energy, 152, 129-143. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.133 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., & Zhang, L. (2018). Profit Luenberger and Malmquist-Luenberger indexes for multi-activity decision-making units: The case of the star-rated hotel industry in China. Tourism Management, 69, 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2018.05.003 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2016). Multi-Sector Nonparametric Production-Frontier Analysis of the Economic Growth and the Convergence of the European Countries. Pacific Economic Review, 21, 498-524. doi:10.1111/1468-0106.12195 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2016). Growth and convergence of the OECD countries: A multi-sector production-frontier approach. European Journal of Operational Research, 252 (2), 665-675. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2016.01.030 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., Cherchye, L., & De Rock, B. (2016). Multi-output profit efficiency and directional distance functions. Omega: the International Journal of Management Science, 61, 100-109. doi:10.1016/j.omega.2015.07.010 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., Cherchye, L., & De Rock, B. (2015). Multi-ouput efficiency with good and bad outputs. European Journal of Operational Research, 240, 872-881. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2014.07.028 Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B. (2011). Labor productivity and technology heterogeneity. Journal of Macroeconomics, 68 (103290). Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi |
 | Walheer, B., Cherchye, L., & De Rock, B. (2014). Reducing Energy Use Without Affecting Economic Objectives: A Sectoral Analysis. In A. Estache, The Next Generation of Economic Issues in Energy Policy in Europe. London, United Kingdom: CEPR Press. |
 | Gautier, A., Nsabimana, R., & Walheer, B. (2022). Quality performance gaps and minimal electricity losses in East Africa. ORBi-University of Liège. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/261348. |
Walheer, B., & Liu, F. (June 2019). Financial inclusion, financial technology, and economic development: A composite index approach [Paper presentation]. European Workshop in Efficiency and Productivity Analysis XVI. |
 | Walheer, B. (July 2018). Cost Malmquist productivity index: from output to group [Paper presentation]. Asia Pacific Productivity Conference, Seoul, South Korea. |
Walheer, B. (November 2017). Cost Malmquist productivity index: from output to group [Paper presentation]. Annual CEPA International Workshop 2017, Brisbane, Australia. |
Walheer, B. (June 2013). Nonparametric Input-Oriented Efficiency With Output-Specific Targets Application to the US electric plants that produces greenhouse gases as by-products [Paper presentation]. European Workshop in Efficiency and Productivity Analysis XIII, Helsinki, Finland. |
Walheer, B. (June 2012). How cost efficient are European countries while aiming at the EU’s 2020 objectives? [Paper presentation]. North American Productivity Workshop VII, Houston, Texas, United States. |
