Characterizing the Eemian-Weichselian transition in northwestern Europe with three multiproxy speleothem archives from the Belgian Han-sur-Lesse and Remouchamps cave systems

Vansteenberge, Stef; Verheyden, Sophie; Genty, Dominique; Blamart, Dominique; Goderis, Steven; Van Malderen, J.M.Van Malderen; Vanhaecke, Frank; Hodel, Florent; Gillikin, David; Ek, Camille; Quinif, Yves; Cheng, Hai; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Claeys, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.01.011

Article (Scientific journals)

Characterizing the Eemian-Weichselian transition in northwestern Europe with three multiproxy speleothem archives from the Belgian Han-sur-Lesse and Remouchamps cave systems

Vansteenberge, Stef; Verheyden, Sophie; Genty, Dominique et al.

2019 • In Quaternary Science Reviews

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/228241

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10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.01.011

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Keywords :

Eemian-Weichselian transition; speleothems; karst; Transition Eemien-Weichselien; spéléothèmes

Abstract :

[en] Interglacial to glacial transitions represent the most drastic turnovers in the Quaternary climate system. Yet, millennial-scaled climate variability and stochastic internal variability that result in these transitions remain still poorly understood. Here, three speleothem archives from two different cave systems in Belgium (Han-sur-Lesse and Remouchamps) are investigated using a multiproxy approach in order to characterize the last interglacial to glacial transition. The studied samples roughly span the period between 125 ka and 100 ka, covering a large part of the Eemian and early Weichselian. The speleothems show a high reproducibility for δ13C, which is interpreted as a proxy for past vegetation activity, controlled by vegetation assembly above the cave. All three speleothems show a drastic increase in δ13C between 118 to 117 ka, reflecting a rapid change of vegetation assembly from last interglacial temperate tree species towards glacial more open grass vegetation. This event shows a strong affinity in terms of timing and climatic expression with the Late Eemian Aridity Pulse (LEAP) at 118 ± 1 ka, identified in pollen records from Western Germany. Aligning the chronologies of the two independently dated Han-sur-Lesse speleothem records enables a more precise absolute chronology and provides an age of 117.7 ± 0.5 ka to the start of this event in the Belgian speleothems. This event marks a distinct transition in the Belgian speleothem proxies between Eemian optimum conditions and increased variability during the glacial inception and the start of this event at 117.7 ± 0.5 ka is therefore proposed as the Eemian- Weichselian transition and consequently the start of the glacial inception in the studied speleothems. High-resolution analysis shows that the 117.7 ± 0.5 ka event is initiated by a cooling pulse followed by a decrease in precipitation. A similar short-lived cooling event is also registered in multiple North-Atlantic sediment archives. This study hypothesizes that the origin of the cooling event at 117.7 ka is an internal climate response caused by the substantial amount of freshwater input from degraded ice-sheets by the end of the Eemian (~120-118 ka). There is thus a clear climatic connection between the Belgian speleothems and other continental European archives and North Atlantic marine archives, providing the possibility of improving less constrained chronologies by alignment to the independently constructed speleothem age-depth model presented in this study.

Disciplines :

Earth sciences & physical geography

Author, co-author :

Vansteenberge, Stef

Verheyden, Sophie

Genty, Dominique

Blamart, Dominique

Goderis, Steven

Van Malderen, J.M.Van Malderen

Vanhaecke, Frank

Hodel, Florent

Gillikin, David

Ek, Camille ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Département de géologie

More authors (4 more)

Language :

English

Title :

Characterizing the Eemian-Weichselian transition in northwestern Europe with three multiproxy speleothem archives from the Belgian Han-sur-Lesse and Remouchamps cave systems

Alternative titles :

[fr] Caractérisation de la transition Eemien-Weichselien en Europe du Nord-Ouest par les archives multiproxy de trois spéléothèmes

Publication date :

2019

Journal title :

Quaternary Science Reviews

ISSN :

0277-3791

eISSN :

1873-457X

Publisher :

Elsevier

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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