Current Trends and Future Challenges in the Performance Assessment of Adaptive Façade Systems

Assessment frameworklivery processFaçade contractorKey performance indicators; Dynamic facades; Envelope; Delivery process; Façade contractor; Key performance indicators

Abstract :

[en] During the last decades, a great number of innovative building envelope materials and façade components have been developed. The majority of these technologies promise significant improvements in energy efficiency and occupant's comfort, with products that are easily available in the market. However, it remains a challenge to assess the performance of such facades, leading to difficulties for efficient design, operation, and maintenance. As a consequence, the market adoption of adaptive facades is not realizing its full potential, resulting in missed opportunities for energy savings and improved occupant satisfaction. In this study, the current trends of adaptive facades are investigated, with particular emphasis on their performance assessment. Based on extensive literature review, the gaps in assessment of adaptive facades are determined and a novel object-based façade characterization and classification framework is proposed. Furthermore, a generic stakeholder map and process map are presented to explain current adaptive façade delivery practices. In addition, the findings of interviews and two focus group discussions with experts and specialists are presented to elucidate their expert opinions, leading to a validated framework of key performance indicators. As results of this paper, the gaps related to adaptive façade systems’ assessment are identified with respect to the different actors and stakeholders, and insights and perspectives on current trends and future challenges of adaptive façade system assessment are provided.

Research Center/Unit :

Sustaunable Building Design Lab

Disciplines :

Architecture

Author, co-author :

Attia, Shady ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Techniques de construction des bâtiments

Bilir, S.

Safy, T.

Struck, C.

Loonen, R.

Goia, F.

Language :

English

Title :

Current Trends and Future Challenges in the Performance Assessment of Adaptive Façade Systems

Publication date :

15 November 2018

Journal title :

Energy and Buildings

ISSN :

0378-7788

eISSN :

1872-6178

Publisher :

Elsevier, Netherlands

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778818317559?via%3Dihub

Available on ORBi :

since 21 September 2018

Statistics

Number of views

649 (32 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

2070 (23 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

130

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

111

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

144

Bibliography

Aelenei, D., Aelenei, L., Vieira, C.P., Adaptive façade: concept, applications, research questions. Energy Procedia 91 (2016), 269–275.
Attia, S., Bilir, S., Safy, T., Garat, S, Adaptive Facades Performance Assessment: Interviews with Façade Experts. 2019, SBD Lab, Liege University, Belgium ISBN: 9782930909097. Retrieved from https://orbi.ulg.ac.be/handle/2268/213736.
Attia, S., Luna Navarro, A, Juaristi, M., Monge-Barrio, A., Gosztonyi, S., Al-Doughmi, Z., Post-occupancy evaluation for adaptive facades. J. Facade Des. Eng. 3 (2018), 25–33.
Attia, S., Challenges and future directions of smart sensing and control technology for adaptive facades monitoring. Next Facades COST Action TU1403 Adaptive Facades Network Conference, 26–27 November 2018, 2018, Lucerne University, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Attia, S., Evaluation of Adaptive Facades: The case Study of Al Bahr Towers in the UAE, Shaping Qatar's Sustainable Built Environment, vol. 2, 2017, Hamad Bin Khalifa University Press, P1–13.
Attia, S., Bashandy, H., Evaluation of adaptive facades: the case study of AGC headquarter in Belgium. Challenging Glass 5 – Conference on Architectural and Structural Applications of Glass, 2016 11.05.2017. Retrieved from http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/handle/2268/198431.
Attia, S., Evaluation of adaptive facades: the case study of Al Bahr Towers in UAE. Qatar Green Building Conference 2016 – The Action, 2016 11.05.2017. Retrieved from http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/handle/2268/203448.
Attia, S., Favoino, F., Loonen, R., Petrovski, A., Monge-Barrio, A., Adaptive façades system assessment: an initial review. Adv. Build. Skins, 2015, 1265–1273.
Attia, S., Hamdy, M., O'Brien, L., Carlucci, S., Assessing gaps and needs for integrating building performance optimization tools in net zero energy buildings designs. Energy Build., 2013, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.01.16 available online 28 January 2013, ISSN 0378-7788.
Attia, S., Hensen, J.L.M., Beltrán, L., De Herde, A., Selection criteria for building performance simulation tools: contrasting architects’ and engineers’ needs. J. Build. Perform. Simul. 5:nr. 3 (2012), 155–169.
Bakker, L.G., Hoes-van Oeffelen, E.C.M., Loonen, R.C.G.M., Hensen, J.L.M., User satisfaction and interaction with automated dynamic facades: a pilot study. Build. Environ. 78 (2014), 44–52.
Bilir, S., Attia, S., Performance evaluation of adaptive facades: a case study with electrochromic glazing. Next Facades COST Action TU1403 Adaptive Facades Network Conference, Lucerne, Switzerland, 2018, Lucerne University 26–27 November 2018.
Boake, T.M., Bes, B., Arch, M., Hot climate double façades: avoiding solar gain. Façade Tectonics J., 14, 2014.
Böke, J., Knaack, U., Hemmerling, M., State-of-the-art of intelligent building envelopes in the context of intelligent technical systems. Intell. Build. Int., 2018, 1–19.
EN 13830. Curtain walling. Product standard https://goo.gl/tZREjN, 2015.
Casini, M., Active dynamic windows for buildings: a review. Renew. Energy, 2017.
Cattarin, G., Causone, F., Kindinis, A., Pagliano, L., Outdoor test cells for building envelope experimental characterisation – a literature review. Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev. 54 (2016), 606–625.
Chou, H.T., Chen, Y.C., Lee, C.Y., Chang, H.Y., Tai, N.H., Switchable transparency of dual-controlled smart glass prepared with hydrogel-containing graphene oxide for energy efficiency. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 166 (2017), 45–51.
Clear, R.D., Inkarojrit, V., Lee, E.S., Subject responses to electrochromic windows. Energy Build. 38:7 (2006), 758–779.
Cole, RaymondJ., Building environmental assessment methods: redefining intentions and roles. Build. Res. Inform. 33:5 (2005), 455–467.
COST Action TU 1403 (http://tu1403.eu/).
Day, J.K., O'Brien, W., Oh behave! Survey stories and lessons learned from building occupants in high-performance buildings. Energy Res. Soc. Sci., 2017.
Day, J.K., Gunderson, D.E., Understanding high performance buildings: the link between occupant knowledge of passive design systems, corresponding behaviors, occupant comfort and environmental satisfaction. Build. Environ. 84 (2015), 114–124.
El Asmar, M., Hanna, A.S., Loh, W.Y., Quantifying performance for the integrated project delivery system as compared to established delivery systems. J. Constr. Eng. Manag., 139(11), 2013, 04013012.
Elzeyadi, I., The impacts of dynamic façade shading typologies on building energy performance and occupant's multi-comfort. Arch. Sci. Rev., 2017, 1–9.
Favoino, F., Overend, M., Jin, Q., The optimal thermo-optical properties and energy saving potential of adaptive glazing technologies. Appl. Energy 156 (2015), 1–15.
Favoino, F., Fiorito, F., Cannavale, A., Ranzi, G., Overend, M., Optimal control and performance of photovoltachromic switchable glazing for building integration in temperate climates. Appl. Energy 178 (2016), 943–961.
de Gracia, A., Navarro, L., Castell, A., Ruiz-Pardo, Á., Álvarez, S., Cabeza, L.F., Thermal analysis of a ventilated facade with PCM for cooling applications. Energy Build. 65 (2013), 508–515.
Goia, F., Perino, M., Serra, V., Improving thermal comfort conditions by means of PCM glazing systems. Energy Build. 60 (2013), 442–452.
Gray, C., Al-Bizri, S., Modelling trade contractor information production. Arch. Eng. Des. Manag. 3:1 (2007), 39–48.
Grynning, S., Time, B., Matusiak, B., Solar shading control strategies in cold climates – heating, cooling demand and daylight availability in office spaces. Sol. Energy 107 (2014), 182–194.
Grynning, S., Goia, F., Rognvik, E., Time, B., Possibilities for characterization of a PCM window system using large scale measurements. Int. J. Sustainable Built Environ. 2:1 (2013), 56–64.
Heiselberg, P., Andresen, I., Perino, M., Van Der Aa, A., Integrating environmentally responsive elements in buildings. Proceedings of the 27th AIVC Conference, 2006, January.
Herzog, T., Krippner, R., Lang, W., Facade Construction Manual. 2004, Walter de Gruyter.
IEE. BestFacade: Best Practice for Double Skin Façades, EIE/04/135/S07.38652 www.bestfacade.com, 2005.
Jin, Q., Overend, M., Sensitivity of façade performance on early-stage design variables. Energy Build. 77 (2014), 457–466.
Karanouh, A., Kerber, E., Innovations in dynamic architecture. J. Facade Des. Eng. 3 (2015), 185–221.
Karlsen, L., Heiselberg, P., Bryn, I., Occupant satisfaction with two blind control strategies: slats closed and slats in cut-off position. Sol. Energy 115 (2015), 166–179.
Kassem, M., Mitchell, D., Bridging the gap between selection decisions of facade systems at the early design phase: issues, challenges and solutions. J. Facade Des. Eng. 3:2 (2015), 165–183.
Khandelwal, H., Loonen, R.C., Hensen, J.L., Debije, M.G., Schenning, A.P., Electrically switchable polymer stabilised broadband infrared reflectors and their potential as smart windows for energy saving in buildings. Sci. Rep., 5, 2015, 11773.
Klein, T., Integral facade construction: towards a new product architecture for curtain walls. PhD thesis, 2013, TU Delft.
de M.L. Klijn-Chevalerias, R.C.G.M. Loonen, A. Zarzycka, de D. Witte, M.V. Sarakinioti, & J.L.M. Hensen, (2017). Assisting the development of innovative responsive façade elements using building performance simulation.
Klotz, L., Horman, M., Bi, H.H., Bechtel, J., The impact of process mapping on transparency. Int. J. Product. Perform. Manag. 57:8 (2008), 623–636.
Knaack, U., Klein, T., Bilow, M., Auer, T., Façades: Principles of Construction. 2014, Birkhäuser.
Korkmaz, S., Riley, D., Horman, M., Piloting evaluation metrics for sustainable high-performance building project delivery. J. Constr. Eng. Manag. 136:8 (2010), 877–885.
Leaman, A., Stevenson, F., Bordass, B., Building evaluation: practice and principles. Build. Res. Inform. 38:5 (2010), 564–577.
Lee, E.S., Claybaugh, E.S., LaFrance, M., End user impacts of automated electrochromic windows in a pilot retrofit application. Energy Build. 47 (2012), 267–284.
Lee, E.S., DiBartolomeo, D.L., Application issues for large-area electrochromic windows in commercial buildings. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 71:4 (2002), 465–491.
Lee, E., Selkowitz, S., Bazjanac, V., Inkarojrit, V., Kohler, C., High-Performance Commercial Building Façades. 2002, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Lee, E.S., Fernandes, L.L., Coffey, B., McNeil, A., Clear, R., Webster, T.,… Hoyt, T., A Post-Occupancy Monitored Evaluation of the Dimmable Lighting, Automated Shading, and Underfloor Air Distribution System in The New York Times Building. 2013, Berkeley National Laboratory.
Li, P., Froese, T.M., Brager, G., Post-occupancy evaluation: state-of-the-art analysis and state-of-the-practice review. Build. Environ. 133 (2018), 187–202.
Loonen, R.C., Favoino, F., Hensen, J.L., Overend, M., Review of current status, requirements and opportunities for building performance simulation of adaptive facades. J. Build. Perform. Simul. 10:2 (2017), 205–223.
Loonen, R.C.G.M., Hoes, P., Hensen, J.L.M., Performance prediction of buildings with responsive building elements challenges and solutions. Proceedings of the 2014 Building Simulation and Optimization Conference (BSO14), June 2014, 2014, 23–24.
Loonen, R.C., Trčka, M., Cóstola, D., Hensen, J.L.M., Climate adaptive building shells: state-of-the-art and future challenges. Renew. Sustainable Energy Rev. 25 (2013), 483–493.
Luible, A., Memorandum of understanding for the implementation of a European concerted research action designated as COST Action TU1403: adaptive facades network. 11.08.2018. Retrieved from http://www.cost.eu/COST_Actions/tud/TU1403, 2014.
R. Loonen, (2018). Approaches for computational performance optimization of innovative adaptive façade concepts.
Luible, A., COST Action TU1403 – adaptive facades network. Advanced Building Skins Economic Forum, 2015, 1226–1233.
Luna-Navarroa, A., Loonen, R., Attia, S., Juaristid, M, Monge-Barrio, A., Rabenseifer, R., Donatof, M., Overend, M., Occupant-adaptive façade interaction: relationships and conflicts. Next Facades COST Action TU1403 Adaptive Facades Network Conference, Lucerne University, 26–27 November 2018, Lucerne, Switzerland, 2018.
Mardaljevic, J., Nabil, A., Electrochromic glazing and facade photovoltaic panels: a strategic assessment of the potential energy benefits. Lighting Res. Technol. 40 (2008), 55–76.
O'Brien, W., Kapsis, K., Athienitis, A.K., Manually-operated window shade patterns in office buildings: a critical review. Build. Environ. 60 (2013), 319–338.
Pavitt, T.C., Gibb, A.G.F., Interface management within construction: in particular, building façade. J. Constr. Eng. Manag. 129:1 (2003), 8–15.
A. Pierleoni, V. Serra, L. Bianco, & A. Kindinis, (2015). Innovative technologies for transparent building envelopes: experimental assessment of energy and thermal comfort data to facilitate the decision-making process.
Perino, M., Serra, V., Switching from static to adaptable and dynamic building envelopes: a paradigm shift for the energy efficiency in buildings. J. Facade Des. Eng. 3:2 (2015), 143–163.
Pittaluga, M., Electrochromic glazing and walls for reducing building cooling needs. Eco-efficient Materials for Mitigating Building Cooling Needs – Design, Properties and Applications, 2015, Elsevier.
Powell, D., Hischier, I., Jayathissa, P., Svetozarevic, B., Schlüter, A., A reflective adaptive solar façade for multi-building energy and comfort management. Energy Build., 2018.
Prieto, A., Klein, T., Knaack, U., Auer, T., Main perceived barriers for the development of building service integrated facades: results from an exploratory expert survey. J. Build. Eng. 13 (2017), 96–106.
Sadeghi, S.A., Karava, P., Konstantzos, I., Tzempelikos, A., Occupant interactions with shading and lighting systems using different control interfaces: a pilot field study. Build. Environ. 97 (2016), 177–195.
Saelens, D., Carmeliet, J., Hens, H., Energy performance assessment of multiple-skin facades. HVAC&R Res. 9:2 (2003), 167–185.
Saelens, D., Hens, H., Evaluating the thermal performance of active envelopes. Proceedings of the Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings VIII, 2001, December.
Sbar, N., Podbelski, L., Yang, H.M., Pease, B., Electrochromic dynamic windows for office buildings. Int. J. Sustainable Built Environ. 1 (2012), 125–139.
Sok, E., Sanders, H., New developments in dynamic glass: towards a new era in sustainable construction. Challenging Glass 5 – Conference on Architectural and Structural Applications of Glass, 2016, Ghent University, 133–143.
Stevens, S., Intelligent façades: occupant control and satisfaction. Int. J. Sol. Energy 21:2-3 (2001), 147–160.
Struck, C., Almeida, M.G.D., Silva, S.M., Mateus, R., Lemarchand, P., Petrovski, A.,… De Wit, J., Adaptive facade systems-review of performance requirements, design approaches, use cases and market needs. Adv. Build. Skins, 2015, 1254–1264.
Struck, C., de Wilde, P.J., Hopfe, C.J., Hensen, J.L., An investigation of the option space in conceptual building design for advanced building simulation. Adv. Eng. Inform. 23:4 (2009), 386–395.
Tavares, P.F., Gaspar, A.R., Martins, A.G., Frontini, F., Evaluation of electrochromic windows impact in the energy performance of buildings in Mediterranean climates. Energy Policy 67 (2014), 68–81.
Tzempelikos, A., Athienitis, A.K., The impact of shading design and control on building cooling and lighting demand. Sol. Energy 81:3 (2007), 369–382.
Tzortzopoulos, P., Sexton, M., Cooper, R., Process models implementation in the construction industry: a literature synthesis. Eng., Constr. Arch. Manag. 12:5 (2005), 470–486.
Vine, E., Lee, E., Clear, R., DiBartolomeo, D., Selkowitz, S., Office worker response to an automated venetian blind and electric lighting system: a pilot study. Energy Build. 28:2 (1998), 205–218.
Voss, E., Jin, Q., Overend, M., A BPMN-based process map for the design and construction of façades. J. Facade Des. Eng. 1:1-2 (2013), 17–29.
Way, M., Soft landings: a fresh scope of service that ensures users and clients get the best out of a new building. J. Facil. Manag. 4:1 (2006), 23–39.
Wigginton, M., Harris, J., Intelligent Skins. 2013, Routledge.
Yun, G.Y., Steemers, K., Baker, N., Natural ventilation in practice: linking facade design, thermal performance, occupant perception and control. Build. Res. Inf. 36:6 (2008), 608–624.
Zainul Abidin, N., Pasquire, C.L., Delivering sustainability through value management: concept and performance overview. Eng. Constr. Arch. Manag. 12:2 (2005), 168–180.