Dual Magnetodynamic Finite Element Formulations with Inclusion of an Energy-Based Hysteresis Model

This paper studies dual magnetodynamic 2D finite
element h - phi and a - v formulations including an energy-based
hysteresis model. These formulations use unknowns directly
associated with the magnetic field h and the magnetic flux density
b respectively. Therefore, the direct form of the hysteresis model
(having h as input) is exploited for the h - phi formulation, while
the costly and sometimes unstable inverted form (having b as
input) is used for the a - v formulation. Both formulations are
evaluated in terms of robustness, efficiency and computational
cost. As test case, the behaviour of a three-phase transformer
is simulated. A good agreement is observed for global and local
results obtained with each formulation.