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Investigation on Ilmenite Placer Ore as a Precursor for Synthetic Rutile
Mwase Malumbo, James; Gaydardzhiev, Stoyan; Guillet, Aurelie et al.
2018In EMPRC 2018 European Mineral Processing and Recycling Congress Proceedings
Peer reviewed
 

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Keywords :
ilemite; synthetic rutile; HCl; leaching; placer ore
Abstract :
[en] Faced with diminished reserves of natural rutile, synthetic rutile has become an important source oftitanium used in paint and paper pigments. The study explores the influence of temperature (50, 75and 100 °C), pulp density (5, 15 and 25 wt.-%), stirring speed (360 and 530 rpm) and process conditions(oxidative and reductive leaching) on the purification of synthetic rutile from a Malaysian ilmenite placer deposit. The study is aimed at determining the best combination of parameters that will produce a product of 95.5% synthetic rutile. A number of processes exist to obtain synthetic rutile from ilmenite ores. These are sulphate, alkaline and chloride based. However, the HCl treatment route was chosen for this study. This process exhibits fast kinetics, excellent impurities removal and the potential to regenerate the acid makes it sustainable and environmentally friendly. Samples of the ore screened to a 106 – 212 µm size fraction were treated with 700 mL of 18% (5.5 M) HCl. Leaching was conducted in 1 L reactor vessels with one suited for atmospheric pressure and the other for highpressure operations for a duration of 4 hours each. It was concluded that temperature was the main parameter influencing the level of purification for the synthetic rutile obtained. The pulp density was found to influence the amount of titanium and iron released in the leachate solution. However the objective of purifying the ilmenite ore to 95.5% synthetic rutile was not achieved. The highest purity achieved was 77 % with the process conditions of 100 °C, 15 wt.-% and 360 rpm. SEM analysis showed that the temperature and pulp density were intrinsically linked to the formation of a product layer around the ilmenite grains during the HCl treatment. Despite being effectively observed through SEM, this and other available data could not be conclusively used to validate a suitable kinetic model for the HCl treatment. The data did however show that the HCl purification ofthe synthetic rutile occurred in two phases. In the first phase, governed by chemical reactions, theacid permeates the particles facilitated by porosity and fractures of the grain and dissolves both ironand titanium. When a certain amount of titanium accumulates in the leachate solution it precipitatesand forms a layer around the grains. From this point on, a second phase begins in which kinetics are now governed by diffusion of iron through this layer which prevents any further penetration of acid into the grains.
Disciplines :
Chemical engineering
Author, co-author :
Mwase Malumbo, James ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Traitement et recyclage des matières minérales
Gaydardzhiev, Stoyan  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Traitement et recyclage des matières minérales
Guillet, Aurelie
Stefansecu, Eduard
Sehner, Egon
Language :
English
Title :
Investigation on Ilmenite Placer Ore as a Precursor for Synthetic Rutile
Publication date :
25 June 2018
Event name :
EMPRC 2018 European Mineral Processing and Recycling Congress
Event date :
25-06-2018 to 26-06-2018
Audience :
International
Main work title :
EMPRC 2018 European Mineral Processing and Recycling Congress Proceedings
Publisher :
GDMB, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
ISBN/EAN :
9783940276841
Peer reviewed :
Peer reviewed
Available on ORBi :
since 09 July 2018

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