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Characterization of almond oils and cakes, obtained from broken almonds discarded by sorting during shells' cracking process for almond kernels separation
Houmy, Nadia; Melhaoui, Reda; Sindic, Marianne et al.
2018The international conference "Humboldt Kolleg" Beacons of Hope in the Quest For the Next Einstein in Africa/MENA
 

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Keywords :
Almond oils; Fatty acid; Triacylglycerol; tocopherol; carbohydrates; fiber; ash; protein
Abstract :
[en] In eastern Morocco, after harvesting, cracking of hard shells, for manual separating of almonds is traditionally performed by rural women. Fortunately, along this later decade, almond production has increased significantly and farmers organize themselves into cooperatives, some of which are now equipped with almond cracking and shelling machine. Undamaged almond are separated from shell fragments. Partly damaged or broken almonds are sorted and collected to be used for almond oil’s extraction in order to give them the best commercial added value. This work focuses on the characterization of oilcakes and almond oils extracted from the main sweet almonds (Marcoma, Fournat, Ferragnes/Ferraduel and Beldi) cultivated in this region. Oil contents, triacylglycerols and fatty acids profiles tocopherols, total phenols, carbohydrates, proteins, fiber and ash compositions were determined. Thus, CPG-FID analysis of fatty acids (FA) of almond oils (AO) shown the dominance of two FA oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2); Almond Oils of Ferragnes/Ferraduel association and Beldi show the highest percentage values of C18:1 respectively of 70.33% and 62.09 %. Marcona’s almond oil shows the lowest content of C18:1 (57.54 %). HPLC analysis of triacylglycerols shown that analyzed almond oils are characterized by the dominance of trioleylglycerol (OOO). Tocopherols and phenols are the natural antioxidant analyzed in the studied almond oils. Results show that the α-tocopherol is the principal homologue of tocopherols of AO, its contents range between a minimum of 231.24 mg/kg for Beldi and 332.24 mg/kg for Ferragnes-Ferraduel. Total phenols range from 99.60 mg/kg for Fournat to 220.15 mg/kg for Marcona. Carbohydrates, fiber, ash and proteins were analyzed in almond oilcakes. They range respectively for: (1) Carbohydrates between 15.02% for Marcona and 19.21% for Fournat; (2) Fiber between 32.8 % for Fournat and 35.5% for Beldi; (3) Ash between 4.75% for Marcona and 7.25% for Fournat; (4) Proteins between 43.9% for Beldi and 48.5 % for Ferragnes/Ferraduel. According to the observed results we conclude that Ferragnes/Ferraduel seems to be the best source for almond oil among the analyzed almond oils, his richness of tocopherols allow good stability to oxidation; Equally , the corresponding oilcake seems to be an interested source of proteins and fiber to be valued for human nutrition
Disciplines :
Food science
Author, co-author :
Houmy, Nadia ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Doct. sc. agro. & ingé. biol. (Paysage)
Melhaoui, Reda;  Faculté des Sciences Université Mohammed Premier Oujda Maroc > Biologie
Sindic, Marianne  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Chimie des agro-biosystèmes
Fauconnier, Marie-Laure  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Chimie des agro-biosystèmes
Serghini-Caid, Hana;  Faculté des Sciences Université Mohammed Premier Oujda Maroc > Biologie
Elamrani, Ahmed;  Faculté des Sciences Université Mohammed Premier Oujda Maroc > Biologie
Language :
English
Title :
Characterization of almond oils and cakes, obtained from broken almonds discarded by sorting during shells' cracking process for almond kernels separation
Alternative titles :
[fr] Caractérisation des huiles et des tourteaux d'amandes, obtenus à partir d'amandes cassées rejetées par triage lors du processus de concassage des coques pour la séparation des amandes
Publication date :
04 April 2018
Number of pages :
A0
Event name :
The international conference "Humboldt Kolleg" Beacons of Hope in the Quest For the Next Einstein in Africa/MENA
Event organizer :
Humboldt Kolleg
Alexander Von Humboldt
Cadi Ayyad University
Mohammed Premier University
Event place :
Marrakech, Morocco
Event date :
du 4 avril au 6 avril 2018
Audience :
International
Available on ORBi :
since 20 May 2018

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