Request a copy

Full Text

• Tendera, M., Aboyans, V., Bartelink, M.L., Baumgartner, I., Clement, D., Collet, J.P., ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases: Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries: the Task Force on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) (2011) Eur Heart J, 32, pp. 2851-2906
• Fowkes, F.G., Rudan, D., Rudan, I., Aboyans, V., Denenberg, J.O., McDermott, M.M., Comparison of global estimates of prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2000 and 2010: a systematic review and analysis (2013) Lancet, 382, pp. 1329-1340
• Belcaro, G., Nicolaides, A.N., Ramaswami, G., Cesarone, M.R., De Sanctis, M., Incandela, L., Carotid and femoral ultrasound morphology screening and cardiovascular events in low risk subjects: a 10-year follow-up study (the CAFES-CAVE study) (2001) Atherosclerosis, 156, pp. 379-387
• Giannopoulos, A., Kakkos, S., Abbott, A., Naylor, A.R., Richards, T., Mikhailidis, D.P., Long-term mortality in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis: implications for statin therapy (2015) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 50, pp. 573-582
• Criqui, M.H., Aboyans, V., Epidemiology of peripheral artery disease (2015) Circ Res, 116, pp. 1509-1526
• Fowkes, F.G., Murray, G.D., Butcher, I., Heald, C.L., Lee, R.J., Chambless, L.E., Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis (2008) JAMA, 300, pp. 197-208
• Weitz, J.I., Byrne, J., Clagett, G.P., Farkouh, M.E., Porter, J.M., Sackett, D.L., Diagnosis and treatment of chronic arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities: a critical review (1996) Circulation, 94, pp. 3026-3049
• Valentine, R.J., Guerra, R., Stephan, P., Scoggins, E., Clagett, G.P., Cohen, J., Family history is a major determinant of subclinical peripheral arterial disease in young adults (2004) J Vasc Surg, 39, pp. 351-356
• Wassel, C.L., Loomba, R., Ix, J.H., Allison, M.A., Denenberg, J.O., Criqui, M.H., Family history of peripheral artery disease is associated with prevalence and severity of peripheral artery disease: the San Diego population study (2011) J Am Coll Cardiol, 58, pp. 1386-1392
• Khaleghi, M., Isseh, I.N., Bailey, K.R., Kullo, I.J., Family history as a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (2014) Am J Cardiol, 114, pp. 928-932
• Corra, U., Piepoli, M.F., Carre, F., Heuschmann, P., Hoffmann, U., Verschuren, M., Secondary prevention through cardiac rehabilitation: physical activity counselling and exercise training: key components of the position paper from the Cardiac Rehabilitation Section of the European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (2010) Eur Heart J, 31, pp. 1967-1974
• Craig, C.L., Marshall, A.L., Sjostrom, M., Bauman, A.E., Booth, M.L., Ainsworth, B.E., International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity (2003) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 35, pp. 1381-1395
• Washburn, R.A., Smith, K.W., Jette, A.M., Janney, C.A., The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE): development and evaluation (1993) J Clin Epidemiol, 46, pp. 153-162
• Pickett, C.A., Jackson, J.L., Hemann, B.A., Atwood, J.E., Carotid bruits as a prognostic indicator of cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis (2008) Lancet, 371, pp. 1587-1594
• Clark, C.E., Taylor, R.S., Shore, A.C., Ukoumunne, O.C., Campbell, J.L., Association of a difference in systolic blood pressure between arms with vascular disease and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2012) Lancet, 379, pp. 905-914
• Cournot, M., Taraszkiewicz, D., Cambou, J.P., Galinier, M., Boccalon, H., Hanaire-Broutin, H., Additional prognostic value of physical examination, exercise testing, and arterial ultrasonography for coronary risk assessment in primary prevention (2009) Am Heart J, 158, pp. 845-851
• Vlachopoulos, C., Xaplanteris, P., Aboyans, V., Brodmann, M., Cifkova, R., Cosentino, F., The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripheral circulation: endorsed by the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY) Society (2015) Atherosclerosis, 241, pp. 507-532
• Criqui, M.H., McClelland, R.L., McDermott, M.M., Allison, M.A., Blumenthal, R.S., Aboyans, V., The ankle-brachial index and incident cardiovascular events in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol, 56, pp. 1506-1512
• Wu, M.Y., Hsiang, H.F., Wong, C.S., Yao, M.S., Li, Y.W., Hsiang, C.Y., The effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2013) Int Urol Nephrol, 45, pp. 1309-1318
• O'Sullivan, S., Healy, D.A., Moloney, M.C., Grace, P.A., Walsh, S.R., The role of N-acetylcysteine in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing peripheral angiography: a structured review and meta-analysis (2013) Angiology, 64, pp. 576-582
• Merten, G.J., Burgess, W.P., Gray, L.V., Holleman, J.H., Roush, T.S., Kowalchuk, G.J., Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy with sodium bicarbonate: a randomized controlled trial (2004) JAMA, 291, pp. 2328-2334
• Akyuz, S., Yaylak, B., Altay, S., Kasikcioglu, H., Cam, N., The role of statins in preventing contrast-induced acute kidney injury: a narrative review (2015) Angiology, 66, pp. 701-707
• Ramalho, J., Semelka, R.C., Ramalho, M., Nunes, R.H., AlObaidy, M., Castillo, M., Gadolinium-based contrast agent accumulation and toxicity: an update (2016) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 37, pp. 1192-1198
• Graham, I., Atar, D., Borch-Johnsen, K., Boysen, G., Burell, G., Cifkova, R., European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary: Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts) (2007) Eur Heart J, 28, pp. 2375-2414
• Piepoli, M.F., Hoes, A.W., Agewall, S., Albus, C., Brotons, C., Catapano, A.L., 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: the Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts). Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR) (2016) Eur Heart J, 37, pp. 2315-2381
• Ryden, L., Grant, P.J., Anker, S.D., Berne, C., Cosentino, F., Danchin, N., ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD: the Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) (2013) Eur Heart J, 34, pp. 3035-3087
• Bullen, C., Impact of tobacco smoking and smoking cessation on cardiovascular risk and disease (2008) Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther, 6, pp. 883-895
• Lim, S.S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A.D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (2012) Lancet, 380, pp. 2224-2260
• Morris, P.B., Ference, B.A., Jahangir, E., Feldman, D.N., Ryan, J.J., Bahrami, H., Cardiovascular effects of exposure to cigarette smoke and electronic cigarettes: clinical perspectives from the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Section Leadership Council and Early Career Councils of the American College of Cardiology (2015) J Am Coll Cardiol, 66, pp. 1378-1391
• Aung, P.P., Maxwell, H.G., Jepson, R.G., Price, J.F., Leng, G.C., Lipid-lowering for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb (2007) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 4
• Antoniou, G.A., Fisher, R.K., Georgiadis, G.S., Antoniou, S.A., Torella, F., Statin therapy in lower limb peripheral arterial disease: systematic review and meta-analysis (2014) Vascul Pharmacol, 63, pp. 79-87
• Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group, Randomized trial of the effects of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin on peripheral vascular and other major vascular outcomes in 20,536 people with peripheral arterial disease and other high-risk conditions (2007) J Vasc Surg, 45, pp. 645-654
• Kumbhani, D.J., Steg, P.G., Cannon, C.P., Eagle, K.A., Smith, S.C., Jr., Goto, S., Statin therapy and long-term adverse limb outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease: insights from the REACH registry (2014) Eur Heart J, 35, pp. 2864-2872
• Westin, G.G., Armstrong, E.J., Bang, H., Yeo, K.K., Anderson, D., Dawson, D.L., Association between statin medications and mortality, major adverse cardiovascular event, and amputation-free survival in patients with critical limb ischemia (2014) J Am Coll Cardiol, 63, pp. 682-690
• Murphy, S.A., Cannon, C.P., Blazing, M.A., Giugliano, R.P., White, J.A., Lokhnygina, Y., Reduction in total cardiovascular events with ezetimibe/simvastatin post-acute coronary syndrome: the IMPROVE-IT Trial (2016) J Am Coll Cardiol, 67, pp. 353-361
• Meade, T., Zuhrie, R., Cook, C., Cooper, J., Bezafibrate in men with lower extremity arterial disease: randomised controlled trial (2002) BMJ, 325, p. 1139
• Amarenco, P., Labreuche, J., Lavallee, P., Touboul, P.J., Statins in stroke prevention and carotid atherosclerosis: systematic review and up-to-date meta-analysis (2004) Stroke, 35, pp. 2902-2909
• Huang, Y., Li, W., Dong, L., Li, R., Wu, Y., Effect of statin therapy on the progression of common carotid artery intima-media thickness: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2013) J Atheroscler Thromb, 20, pp. 108-121
• Sabatine, M.S., Giugliano, R.P., Keech, A.C., Honarpour, N., Wiviott, S.D., Murphy, S.A., Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease (2017) N Engl J Med, 376, pp. 1713-1722
• Staessen, J.A., Thijs, L., Gasowski, J., Cells, H., Fagard, R.H., Treatment of isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: further evidence from the systolic hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial (1998) Am J Cardiol, 82, pp. 20R-22R
• Mancia, G., Fagard, R., Narkiewicz, K., Redon, J., Zanchetti, A., Bohm, M., 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) (2013) J Hypertens, 31, pp. 1281-12357
• Bavry, A.A., Anderson, R.D., Gong, Y., Denardo, S.J., Cooper-Dehoff, R.M., Handberg, E.M., Outcomes among hypertensive patients with concomitant peripheral and coronary artery disease: findings from the INternational VErapamil-SR/Trandolapril STudy (2010) Hypertension, 55, pp. 48-53
• Wright, J.T., Jr., Williamson, J.D., Whelton, P.K., Snyder, J.K., Sink, K.M., Rocco, M.V., A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control (2015) N Engl J Med, 373, pp. 2103-2116
• Cushman, W.C., Whelton, P.K., Fine, L.J., Wright, J.T., Jr., Reboussin, D.M., Johnson, K.C., SPRINT trial results: latest news in hypertension management (2016) Hypertension, 67, pp. 263-265
• World Health Organization, Guideline: sodium intake for adults and children (2012), World Health Organization Geneva [reprinted 2014]
• Yusuf, S., Sleight, P., Pogue, J., Bosch, J., Davies, R., Dagenais, G., Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators (2000) N Engl J Med, 342, pp. 145-153
• Yusuf, S., Teo, K.K., Pogue, J., Dyal, L., Copland, I., Schumacher, H., Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events (2008) N Engl J Med, 358, pp. 1547-1559
• Armstrong, E.J., Chen, D.C., Singh, G.D., Amsterdam, E.A., Laird, J.R., Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker use is associated with reduced major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with critical limb ischemia (2015) Vasc Med, 20, pp. 237-244
• Paravastu, S.C., Mendonca, D.A., Da Silva, A., Beta blockers for peripheral arterial disease (2013) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 9
• Aronow, W.S., Ahn, C., Effect of beta blockers on incidence of new coronary events in older persons with prior myocardial infarction and symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (2001) Am J Cardiol, 87, pp. 1284-1286
• CAPRIE Steering Committee, A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE) (1996) Lancet, 348, pp. 1329-1339
• Law, M.R., Morris, J.K., Wald, N.J., Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies (2009) BMJ, 338, p. b1665
• Ostergren, J., Sleight, P., Dagenais, G., Danisa, K., Bosch, J., Qilong, Y., Impact of ramipril in patients with evidence of clinical or subclinical peripheral arterial disease (2004) Eur Heart J, 25, pp. 17-24
• Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients (2002) BMJ, 324, pp. 71-86
• Sacco, R.L., Diener, H.C., Yusuf, S., Cotton, D., Ounpuu, S., Lawton, W.A., Aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole versus clopidogrel for recurrent stroke (2008) N Engl J Med, 359, pp. 1238-1251
• Bhatt, D.L., Flather, M.D., Hacke, W., Berger, P.B., Black, H.R., Boden, W.E., Patients with prior myocardial infarction, stroke, or symptomatic peripheral arterial disease in the CHARISMA trial (2007) J Am Coll Cardiol, 49, pp. 1982-1988
• Markus, H.S., Droste, D.W., Kaps, M., Larrue, V., Lees, K.R., Siebler, M., Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin in symptomatic carotid stenosis evaluated using Doppler embolic signal detection: the Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Reduction of Emboli in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis (CARESS) trial (2005) Circulation, 111, pp. 2233-2240
• Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhao, X., Liu, L., Wang, D., Wang, C., Clopidogrel with aspirin in acute minor stroke or transient ischemic attack (2013) N Engl J Med, 369, pp. 11-19
• Dalainas, I., Nano, G., Bianchi, P., Stegher, S., Malacrida, G., Tealdi, D.G., Dual antiplatelet regime versus acetyl-acetic acid for carotid artery stenting (2006) Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 29, pp. 519-521
• McKevitt, F.M., Randall, M.S., Cleveland, T.J., Gaines, P.A., Tan, K.T., Venables, G.S., The benefits of combined anti-platelet treatment in carotid artery stenting (2005) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 29, pp. 522-527
• Gensicke, H., van der Worp, H.B., Nederkoorn, P.J., Macdonald, S., Gaines, P.A., van der Lugt, A., Ischemic brain lesions after carotid artery stenting increase future cerebrovascular risk (2015) J Am Coll Cardiol, 65, pp. 521-529
• Udell, J.A., Bonaca, M.P., Collet, J.P., Lincoff, A.M., Kereiakes, D.J., Costa, F., Long-term dual antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in the subgroup of patients with previous myocardial infarction: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials (2016) Eur Heart J, 37, pp. 390-399
• Schmit, K., Dolor, R.J., Jones, W.S., Vemulapalli, S., Hasselblad, V., Subherwal, S., Comparative effectiveness review of antiplatelet agents in peripheral artery disease (2014) J Am Heart Assoc, 3, p. e001330
• Belch, J.J., Dormandy, J., Biasi, G.M., Cairols, M., Diehm, C., Eikelboom, B., Results of the randomized, placebo-controlled clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid in bypass surgery for peripheral arterial disease (CASPAR) trial (2010) J Vasc Surg, 52, pp. 825-833
• Cacoub, P.P., Bhatt, D.L., Steg, P.G., Topol, E.J., Creager, M.A., Patients with peripheral arterial disease in the CHARISMA trial (2009) Eur Heart J, 30, pp. 192-201
• Fowkes, F.G., Price, J.F., Stewart, M.C., Butcher, I., Leng, G.C., Pell, A.C., Aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular events in a general population screened for a low ankle brachial index: a randomized controlled trial (2010) JAMA, 303, pp. 841-848
• Belch, J., MacCuish, A., Campbell, I., Cobbe, S., Taylor, R., Prescott, R., The prevention of progression of arterial disease and diabetes (POPADAD) trial: factorial randomised placebo controlled trial of aspirin and antioxidants in patients with diabetes and asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease (2008) BMJ, 337, p. a1840
• Berger, J.S., Krantz, M.J., Kittelson, J.M., Hiatt, W.R., Aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized trials (2009) JAMA, 301, pp. 1909-1919
• Hiatt, W.R., Fowkes, F.G., Heizer, G., Berger, J.S., Baumgartner, I., Held, P., Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in symptomatic peripheral artery disease (2017) N Engl J Med, 376, pp. 32-40
• Bonaca, M.P., Scirica, B.M., Creager, M.A., Olin, J., Bounameaux, H., Dellborg, M., Vorapaxar in patients with peripheral artery disease: results from TRA2°P-TIMI 50 (2013) Circulation, 127, pp. 1522-1529
• Bonaca, M.P., Gutierrez, J.A., Creager, M.A., Scirica, B.M., Olin, J., Murphy, S.A., Acute limb ischemia and outcomes with vorapaxar in patients with peripheral artery disease: results from the Trial to Assess the Effects of Vorapaxar in Preventing Heart Attack and Stroke in Patients With Atherosclerosis-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 50 (TRA2°P-TIMI 50) (2016) Circulation, 133, pp. 997-1005
• Bedenis, R., Lethaby, A., Maxwell, H., Acosta, S., Prins, M.H., Antiplatelet agents for preventing thrombosis after peripheral arterial bypass surgery (2015) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2
• Efficacy of oral anticoagulants compared with aspirin after infrainguinal bypass surgery (The Dutch Bypass Oral Anticoagulants or Aspirin Study): a randomised trial (2000) Lancet, 355, pp. 346-351
• Johnson, W.C., Williford, W.O., Benefits, morbidity, and mortality associated with long-term administration of oral anticoagulant therapy to patients with peripheral arterial bypass procedures: a prospective randomized study (2002) J Vasc Surg, 35, pp. 413-421
• Monaco, M., Di Tommaso, L., Pinna, G.B., Lillo, S., Schiavone, V., Stassano, P., Combination therapy with warfarin plus clopidogrel improves outcomes in femoropopliteal bypass surgery patients (2012) J Vasc Surg, 56, pp. 96-105
• Dake, M.D., Ansel, G.M., Jaff, M.R., Ohki, T., Saxon, R.R., Smouse, H.B., Durable clinical effectiveness with paclitaxel-eluting stents in the femoropopliteal artery: 5-year results of the Zilver PTX randomized trial (2016) Circulation, 133, pp. 1472-1483
• Laird, J.R., Schneider, P.A., Tepe, G., Brodmann, M., Zeller, T., Metzger, C., Durability of treatment effect using a drug-coated balloon for femoropopliteal lesions: 24-month results of IN.PACT SFA (2015) J Am Coll Cardiol, 66, pp. 2329-2338
• Dagher, N.N., Modrall, J.G., Pharmacotherapy before and after revascularization: anticoagulation, antiplatelet agents, and statins (2007) Semin Vasc Surg, 20, pp. 10-14
• Franzone, A., Piccolo, R., Gargiulo, G., Ariotti, S., Marino, M., Santucci, A., Prolonged vs short duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with or without peripheral arterial disease: a subgroup analysis of the PRODIGY randomized clinical trial (2016) JAMA Cardiol, 1, pp. 795-803
• Bonaca, M.P., Bhatt, D.L., Cohen, M., Steg, P.G., Storey, R.F., Jensen, E.C., Long-term use of ticagrelor in patients with prior myocardial infarction (2015) N Engl J Med, 372, pp. 1791-1800
• Bonaca, M.P., Bhatt, D.L., Storey, R.F., Steg, P.G., Cohen, M., Kuder, J., Ticagrelor for prevention of ischemic events after myocardial infarction in patients with peripheral artery disease (2016) J Am Coll Cardiol, 67, pp. 2719-2728
• 2017 Guidelines for DAPT (citation pending)
• Kirchhof, P., Benussi, S., Kotecha, D., Ahlsson, A., Atar, D., Casadei, B., 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) Eur Heart J, 37, pp. 2893-2962
• Winkel, T.A., Hoeks, S.E., Schouten, O., Zeymer, U., Limbourg, T., Baumgartner, I., Prognosis of atrial fibrillation in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease: data from the REduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry (2010) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 40, pp. 9-16
• Jones, W.S., Hellkamp, A.S., Halperin, J., Piccini, J.P., Breithardt, G., Singer, D.E., Efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban compared with warfarin in patients with peripheral artery disease and non-valvular atrial fibrillation: insights from ROCKET AF (2014) Eur Heart J, 35, pp. 242-249
• Heidbuchel, H., Verhamme, P., Alings, M., Antz, M., Diener, H.C., Hacke, W., Updated European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (2015) Europace, 17, pp. 1467-1507
• Baigent, C., Blackwell, L., Collins, R., Emberson, J., Godwin, J., Peto, R., Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials (2009) Lancet, 373, pp. 1849-1860
• Donaldson, D.R., Kester, R.C., Rajah, S.M., Hall, T.J., Sreeharan, N., Crow, M.J., The influence of platelet inhibition on the patency of femoro-popliteal Dacron bypass grafts (1985) Vasc Endovasc Surg, 19, pp. 224-230
• McCollum, C., Alexander, C., Kenchington, G., Franks, P.J., Greenhalgh, R., Antiplatelet drugs in femoropopliteal vein bypasses: a multicenter trial (1991) J Vasc Surg, 13, pp. 150-161
• Hart, R.G., Pearce, L.A., Aguilar, M.I., Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (2007) Ann Intern Med, 146, pp. 857-867
• Lamberts, M., Lip, G.Y., Ruwald, M.H., Hansen, M.L., Ozcan, C., Kristensen, S.L., Antithrombotic treatment in patients with heart failure and associated atrial fibrillation and vascular disease: a nationwide cohort study (2014) J Am Coll Cardiol, 63, pp. 2689-2698
• Sacco, R.L., Kasner, S.E., Broderick, J.P., Caplan, L.R., Connors, J.J., Culebras, A., An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (2013) Stroke, 44, pp. 2064-2089
• Donnan, G.A., Davis, S.M., Chambers, B.R., Gates, P.C., Surgery for prevention of stroke (1998) Lancet, 351, pp. 1372-1373
• Sprynger, M., (2017), RF, Moonen M, Aboyans V, Edvardsen T, Alcantara M, et al. EACVI recommendations on echovascular imaging assessment of arterial diseases: Partim I [in preparation]
• Esposito-Bauer, L., Saam, T., Ghodrati, I., Pelisek, J., Heider, P., Bauer, M., MRI plaque imaging detects carotid plaques with a high risk for future cerebrovascular events in asymptomatic patients (2013) PLoS One, 8, p. e67927
• Gupta, A., Kesavabhotla, K., Baradaran, H., Kamel, H., Pandya, A., Giambrone, A.E., Plaque echolucency and stroke risk in asymptomatic carotid stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2015) Stroke, 46, pp. 91-97
• Naylor, A.R., Schroeder, T.V., Sillesen, H., Clinical and imaging features associated with an increased risk of late stroke in patients with asymptomatic carotid disease (2014) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 48, pp. 633-640
• Sloan, M.A., Alexandrov, A.V., Tegeler, C.H., Spencer, M.P., Caplan, L.R., Feldmann, E., Assessment: transcranial Doppler ultrasonography: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology (2004) Neurology, 62, pp. 1468-1481
• Wardlaw, J.M., Chappell, F.M., Stevenson, M., De Nigris, E., Thomas, S., Gillard, J., Accurate, practical and cost-effective assessment of carotid stenosis in the UK (2006) Health Technol Assess, 10. , iii–iv, ix–x, 1–182
• Blackshear, J.L., Cutlip, D.E., Roubin, G.S., Hill, M.D., Leimgruber, P.P., Begg, R.J., Myocardial infarction after carotid stenting and endarterectomy: results from the carotid revascularization endarterectomy versus stenting trial (2011) Circulation, 123, pp. 2571-2578
• Giannakopoulos, T.G., Moulakakis, K., Sfyroeras, G.S., Avgerinos, E.D., Antonopoulos, C.N., Kakisis, J.D., Association between plaque echogenicity and embolic material captured in filter during protected carotid angioplasty and stenting (2012) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, pp. 43627-43631
• Akkaya, E., Vuruskan, E., Gul, Z.B., Yildirim, A., Pusuroglu, H., Surgit, O., Cerebral microemboli and neurocognitive change after carotid artery stenting with different embolic protection devices (2014) Int J Cardiol, 176, pp. 478-483
• Bijuklic, K., Wandler, A., Hazizi, F., Schofer, J., The PROFI study (Prevention of Cerebral Embolization by Proximal Balloon Occlusion Compared to Filter Protection During Carotid Artery Stenting): a prospective randomized trial (2012) J Am Coll Cardiol, 59, pp. 1383-1389
• Cano, M.N., Kambara, A.M., de Cano, S.J., Pezzi Portela, L.A., Paes, A.T., Costa, J.R., Jr., Randomized comparison of distal and proximal cerebral protection during carotid artery stenting (2013) JACC Cardiovasc Interv, 6, pp. 1203-1209
• Montorsi, P., Caputi, L., Galli, S., Ciceri, E., Ballerini, G., Agrifoglio, M., Microembolization during carotid artery stenting in patients with high-risk, lipid-rich plaque. A randomized trial of proximal versus distal cerebral protection (2011) J Am Coll Cardiol, 58, pp. 1656-1663
• Stabile, E., Esposito, G., Operator's experience is the most efficient embolic protection device for carotid artery stenting (2013) Circ Cardiovasc Interv, 6, pp. 496-497
• Garg, N., Karagiorgos, N., Pisimisis, G.T., Sohal, D.P., Longo, G.M., Johanning, J.M., Cerebral protection devices reduce periprocedural strokes during carotid angioplasty and stenting: a systematic review of the current literature (2009) J Endovasc Ther, 16, pp. 412-427
• Touze, E., Trinquart, L., Chatellier, G., Mas, J.L., Systematic review of the perioperative risks of stroke or death after carotid angioplasty and stenting (2009) Stroke, 40, pp. e683-e693
• Zahn, R., Ischinger, T., Hochadel, M., Zeymer, U., Schmalz, W., Treese, N., Carotid artery stenting in octogenarians: results from the ALKK Carotid Artery Stent (CAS) Registry (2007) Eur Heart J, 28, pp. 370-375
• Rosenfield, K., Matsumura, J.S., Chaturvedi, S., Riles, T., Ansel, G.M., Metzger, D.C., Randomized trial of stent versus surgery for asymptomatic carotid stenosis (2016) N Engl J Med, 374, pp. 1011-1020
• Jansen, O., Fiehler, J., Hartmann, M., Bruckmann, H., Protection or nonprotection in carotid stent angioplasty: the influence of interventional techniques on outcome data from the SPACE Trial (2009) Stroke, 40, pp. 841-846
• Gray, W.A., Rosenfield, K.A., Jaff, M.R., Chaturvedi, S., Peng, L., Verta, P., Influence of site and operator characteristics on carotid artery stent outcomes: analysis of the CAPTURE 2 (Carotid ACCULINK/ACCUNET Post Approval Trial to Uncover Rare Events) clinical study (2011) JACC Cardiovasc Interv, 4, pp. 235-246
• Nallamothu, B.K., Gurm, H.S., Ting, H.H., Goodney, P.P., Rogers, M.A., Curtis, J.P., Operator experience and carotid stenting outcomes in Medicare beneficiaries (2011) JAMA, 306, pp. 1338-1343
• Endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Executive Committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (1995) JAMA, 273, pp. 1421-1428
• Halliday, A., Harrison, M., Hayter, E., Kong, X., Mansfield, A., Marro, J., 10-year stroke prevention after successful carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic stenosis (ACST-1): a multicentre randomised trial (2010) Lancet, 376, pp. 1074-1084
• Halliday, A., Mansfield, A., Marro, J., Peto, C., Peto, R., Potter, J., Prevention of disabling and fatal strokes by successful carotid endarterectomy in patients without recent neurological symptoms: randomised controlled trial (2004) Lancet, 363, pp. 1491-1502
• Rothwell, P.M., Eliasziw, M., Gutnikov, S.A., Warlow, C.P., Barnett, H.J., Sex difference in the effect of time from symptoms to surgery on benefit from carotid endarterectomy for transient ischemic attack and nondisabling stroke (2004) Stroke, 35, pp. 2855-2861
• Hadar, N., Raman, G., Moorthy, D., O'Donnell, T.F., Thaler, D.E., Feldmann, E., Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis treated with medical therapy alone: temporal trends and implications for risk assessment and the design of future studies (2014) Cerebrovasc Dis, 38, pp. 163-173
• Naylor, A.R., Gaines, P.A., Rothwell, P.M., Who benefits most from intervention for asymptomatic carotid stenosis: patients or professionals? (2009) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 37, pp. 625-632
• Baker, W.H., Howard, V.J., Howard, G., Toole, J.F., Effect of contralateral occlusion on long-term efficacy of endarterectomy in the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS). ACAS Investigators (2000) Stroke, 31, pp. 2330-2334
• Nicolaides, A.N., Kakkos, S.K., Griffin, M., Sabetai, M., Dhanjil, S., Tegos, T., Severity of asymptomatic carotid stenosis and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric ischaemic events: results from the ACSRS study (2005) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 30, pp. 275-284
• Kakkos, S.K., Sabetai, M., Tegos, T., Stevens, J., Thomas, D., Griffin, M., Silent embolic infarcts on computed tomography brain scans and risk of ipsilateral hemispheric events in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis (2009) J Vasc Surg, 49, pp. 902-909
• Kakkos, S.K., Nicolaides, A.N., Charalambous, I., Thomas, D., Giannopoulos, A., Naylor, A.R., Predictors and clinical significance of progression or regression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis (2014) J Vasc Surg, 59, pp. 956-967
• Markus, H.S., King, A., Shipley, M., Topakian, R., Cullinane, M., Reihill, S., Asymptomatic embolisation for prediction of stroke in the Asymptomatic Carotid Emboli Study (ACES): a prospective observational study (2010) Lancet Neurol, 9, pp. 663-671
• King, A., Serena, J., Bornstein, N.M., Markus, H.S., Does impaired cerebrovascular reactivity predict stroke risk in asymptomatic carotid stenosis? A prospective substudy of the asymptomatic carotid emboli study (2011) Stroke, 42, pp. 1550-1555
• Nicolaides, A.N., Kakkos, S.K., Kyriacou, E., Griffin, M., Sabetai, M., Thomas, D.J., Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification (2010) J Vasc Surg, 52, pp. 1486-1496
• Kakkos, S.K., Griffin, M.B., Nicolaides, A.N., Kyriacou, E., Sabetai, M.M., Tegos, T., The size of juxtaluminal hypoechoic area in ultrasound images of asymptomatic carotid plaques predicts the occurrence of stroke (2013) J Vasc Surg, 57, pp. 609-618
• Gupta, A., Baradaran, H., Schweitzer, A.D., Kamel, H., Pandya, A., Delgado, D., Carotid plaque MRI and stroke risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2013) Stroke, 44, pp. 3071-3077
• Hawkins, B.M., Kennedy, K.F., Aronow, H.D., Nguyen, L.L., White, C.J., Rosenfield, K., Hospital variation in carotid stenting outcomes (2015) JACC Cardiovasc Interv, 6, pp. 858-863
• Kallmayer, M.A., Tsantilas, P., Knappich, C., Haller, B., Storck, M., Stadlbauer, T., Patient characteristics and outcomes of carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting: analysis of the German mandatory national quality assurance registry – 2003 to 2014 (2015) J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino), 56, pp. 827-836
• Werner, N., Zeymer, U., Hochadel, M., Hauptmann, K.E., Jung, J., Janicke, I., Fifteen-year experience with carotid artery stenting (from the carotid artery stenting-registry of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitende Kardiologische Krankenhausarzte) (2015) Am J Cardiol, 115, pp. 360-366
• Paraskevas, K.I., Kalmykov, E.L., Naylor, A.R., Stroke/death rates following carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy in contemporary administrative dataset registries: a systematic review (2016) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 51, pp. 3-12
• Choi, J.C., Johnston, S.C., Kim, A.S., Early outcomes after carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis (2015) Stroke, 46, pp. 120-125
• Dua, A., Romanelli, M., Upchurch, G.R., Jr., Pan, J., Hood, D., Hodgson, K.J., Predictors of poor outcome after carotid intervention (2016) J Vasc Surg, 64, pp. 663-670
• Yadav, J.S., Wholey, M.H., Kuntz, R.E., Fayad, P., Katzen, B.T., Mishkel, G.J., Protected carotid-artery stenting versus endarterectomy in high-risk patients (2004) N Engl J Med, 351, pp. 1493-1501
• Gurm, H.S., Yadav, J.S., Fayad, P., Katzen, B.T., Mishkel, G.J., Bajwa, T.K., Long-term results of carotid stenting versus endarterectomy in high-risk patients (2008) N Engl J Med, 358, pp. 1572-1579
• Silver, F.L., Mackey, A., Clark, W.M., Brooks, W., Timaran, C.H., Chiu, D., Safety of stenting and endarterectomy by symptomatic status in the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial (CREST) (2011) Stroke, 42, pp. 675-680
• Rothwell, P.M., Eliasziw, M., Gutnikov, S.A., Fox, A.J., Taylor, D.W., Mayberg, M.R., Analysis of pooled data from the randomised controlled trials of endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis (2003) Lancet, 361, pp. 107-116
• Naylor, A.R., Sillesen, H., Schroeder, T.V., Clinical and imaging features associated with an increased risk of early and late stroke in patients with symptomatic carotid disease (2015) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 49, pp. 513-523
• Stromberg, S., Gelin, J., Osterberg, T., Bergstrom, G.M., Karlstrom, L., Osterberg, K., Very urgent carotid endarterectomy confers increased procedural risk (2012) Stroke, 43, pp. 1331-1335
• Loftus, I.M., Paraskevas, K.I., Johal, A., Waton, S., Heikkila, K., Naylor, A.R., Delays to surgery and procedural risks following carotid endarterectomy in the UK National Vascular Registry (2016) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 52, pp. 438-443
• Tsantilas, P., Kuehnl, A., Konig, T., Breitkreuz, T., Kallmayer, M., Knappich, C., Short time interval between neurologic event and carotid surgery is not associated with an increased procedural risk (2016) Stroke, 47, pp. 2783-2790
• Bush, C.K., Kurimella, D., Cross, L.J., Conner, K.R., Martin-Schild, S., He, J., Endovascular treatment with stent-retriever devices for acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2016) PLoS One, 11, p. e0147287
• Berkhemer, O.A., Fransen, P.S., Beumer, D., van den Berg, L.A., Lingsma, H.F., Yoo, A.J., A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke (2015) N Engl J Med, 372, pp. 11-20
• Brott, T.G., Hobson, R.W., 2nd, Howard, G., Roubin, G.S., Clark, W.M., Brooks, W., Stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of carotid-artery stenosis (2010) N Engl J Med, 363, pp. 11-23
• Hill, M.D., Brooks, W., Mackey, A., Clark, W.M., Meschia, J.F., Morrish, W.F., Stroke after carotid stenting and endarterectomy in the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial (CREST) (2012) Circulation, 126, pp. 3054-3061
• Economopoulos, K.P., Sergentanis, T.N., Tsivgoulis, G., Mariolis, A.D., Stefanadis, C., Carotid artery stenting versus carotid endarterectomy: a comprehensive meta-analysis of short-term and long-term outcomes (2011) Stroke, 42, pp. 687-692
• Bonati, L.H., Lyrer, P., Ederle, J., Featherstone, R., Brown, M.M., Percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty and stenting for carotid artery stenosis (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 9
• Rantner, B., Goebel, G., Bonati, L.H., Ringleb, P.A., Mas, J.L., Fraedrich, G., The risk of carotid artery stenting compared with carotid endarterectomy is greatest in patients treated within 7 days of symptoms (2013) J Vasc Surg, 57, pp. 619-626
• Meschia, J.F., Hopkins, L.N., Altafullah, I., Wechsler, L.R., Stotts, G., Gonzales, N.R., Time from symptoms to carotid endarterectomy or stenting and perioperative risk (2015) Stroke, 46, pp. 3540-3542
• Howard, G., Roubin, G.S., Jansen, O., Hendrikse, J., Halliday, A., Fraedrich, G., Association between age and risk of stroke or death from carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting: a meta-analysis of pooled patient data from four randomised trials (2016) Lancet, 387, pp. 1305-1311
• Bonati, L.H., Dobson, J., Featherstone, R.L., Ederle, J., van der Worp, H.B., de Borst, G.J., Long-term outcomes after stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of symptomatic carotid stenosis: the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) randomised trial (2015) Lancet, 385, pp. 529-538
• Brott, T.G., Howard, G., Roubin, G.S., Meschia, J.F., Mackey, A., Brooks, W., Long-term results of stenting versus endarterectomy for carotid-artery stenosis (2016) N Engl J Med, 374, pp. 1021-1031
• Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic carotid stenosis: final results of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) (1998) Lancet, 351, pp. 1379-1387
• Barnett, H.J., Taylor, D.W., Eliasziw, M., Fox, A.J., Ferguson, G.G., Haynes, R.B., Benefit of carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators (1998) N Engl J Med, 339, pp. 1415-1425
• Borhani Haghighi, A., Edgell, R.C., Cruz-Flores, S., Zaidat, O.O., Vertebral artery origin stenosis and its treatment (2011) J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 20, pp. 369-376
• Khan, S., Cloud, G.C., Kerry, S., Markus, H.S., Imaging of vertebral artery stenosis: a systematic review (2007) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 78, pp. 1218-1225
• Kumar Dundamadappa, S., Cauley, K., Vertebral artery ostial stenosis: prevalence by digital subtraction angiography, MR angiography, and CT angiography (2013) J Neuroimaging, 23, pp. 360-367
• Berguer, R., Flynn, L.M., Kline, R.A., Caplan, L., Surgical reconstruction of the extracranial vertebral artery: management and outcome (2000) J Vasc Surg, 31, pp. 9-18
• Kieffer, E., Praquin, B., Chiche, L., Koskas, F., Bahnini, A., Distal vertebral artery reconstruction: long-term outcome (2002) J Vasc Surg, 36, pp. 549-554
• Stayman, A.N., Nogueira, R.G., Gupta, R., A systematic review of stenting and angioplasty of symptomatic extracranial vertebral artery stenosis (2011) Stroke, 42, pp. 2212-2216
• Compter, A., van der Worp, H.B., Schonewille, W.J., Vos, J.A., Boiten, J., Nederkoorn, P.J., Stenting versus medical treatment in patients with symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis: a randomised open-label phase 2 trial (2015) Lancet Neurol, 14, pp. 606-614
• Aboyans, V., Criqui, M.H., McDermott, M.M., Allison, M.A., Denenberg, J.O., Shadman, R., The vital prognosis of subclavian stenosis (2007) J Am Coll Cardiol, 49, pp. 1540-1545
• Klitfod, L., Jensen, L.P., Treatment of chronic upper limb ischaemia is safe and results are good (2014) Dan Med J, 61, p. A4859
• Daniel, V.T., Madenci, A.L., Nguyen, L.L., Eslami, M.H., Kalish, J.A., Farber, A., Contemporary comparison of supra-aortic trunk surgical reconstructions for occlusive disease (2014) J Vasc Surg, 59, pp. 1577-1582
• Duran, M., Grotemeyer, D., Danch, M.A., Grabitz, K., Schelzig, H., Sagban, T.A., Subclavian carotid transposition: immediate and long-term outcomes of 126 surgical reconstructions (2015) Ann Vasc Surg, 29, pp. 397-403
• Burihan, E., Soma, F., Iared, W., Angioplasty versus stenting for subclavian artery stenosis (2011) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10
• Chatterjee, S., Nerella, N., Chakravarty, S., Shani, J., Angioplasty alone versus angioplasty and stenting for subclavian artery stenosis—a systematic review and meta-analysis (2013) Am J Ther, 20, pp. 520-523
• Huttl, K., Nemes, B., Simonffy, A., Entz, L., Berczi, V., Angioplasty of the innominate artery in 89 patients: experience over 19 years (2002) Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 25, pp. 109-114
• van de Weijer, M.A., Vonken, E.J., de Vries, J.P., Moll, F.L., Vos, J.A., de Borst, G.J., Technical and clinical success and long-term durability of endovascular treatment for atherosclerotic aortic arch branch origin obstruction: evaluation of 144 procedures (2015) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 50, pp. 13-20
• Modarai, B., Ali, T., Dourado, R., Reidy, J.F., Taylor, P.R., Burnand, K.G., Comparison of extra-anatomic bypass grafting with angioplasty for atherosclerotic disease of the supra-aortic trunks (2004) Br J Surg, 91, pp. 1453-1457
• Owens, L.V., Tinsley, E.A., Jr., Criado, E., Burnham, S.J., Keagy, B.A., Extrathoracic reconstruction of arterial occlusive disease involving the supraaortic trunks (1995) J Vasc Surg, 22, pp. 217-221
• Song, L., Zhang, J., Li, J., Gu, Y., Yu, H., Chen, B., Endovascular stenting vs. extrathoracic surgical bypass for symptomatic subclavian steal syndrome (2012) J Endovasc Ther, 19, pp. 44-51
• Lee, A.D., Agarwal, S., Sadhu, D., A 7-year experience with thoracoscopic sympathectomy for critical upper limb ischemia (2006) World J Surg, 30, pp. 1644-1647
• Björck, M., Koelemay, M., Acosta, S., Bastos Goncalves, F., Kölbel, T., Kolkman, J.J., Management of the diseases of mesenteric arteries and veins: clinical practice guidelines of the European Society of Vascular Surgery (ESVS) (2017) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 53, pp. 460-510
• Acosta, S., Nilsson, T.K., Bjorck, M., D-dimer testing in patients with suspected acute thromboembolic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (2004) Br J Surg, 91, pp. 991-994
• Block, T., Nilsson, T.K., Bjorck, M., Acosta, S., Diagnostic accuracy of plasma biomarkers for intestinal ischaemia (2008) Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 68, pp. 242-248
• Matsumoto, S., Sekine, K., Funaoka, H., Yamazaki, M., Shimizu, M., Hayashida, K., Diagnostic performance of plasma biomarkers in patients with acute intestinal ischaemia (2014) Br J Surg, 101, pp. 232-238
• Cudnik, M.T., Darbha, S., Jones, J., Macedo, J., Stockton, S.W., Hiestand, B.C., The diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2013) Acad Emerg Med, 20, pp. 1087-1100
• Lehtimaki, T.T., Karkkainen, J.M., Saari, P., Manninen, H., Paajanen, H., Vanninen, R., Detecting acute mesenteric ischemia in CT of the acute abdomen is dependent on clinical suspicion: review of 95 consecutive patients (2015) Eur J Radiol, 84, pp. 2444-2453
• Jrvinen, O., Laurikka, J., Salenius, J.P., Tarkka, M., Acute intestinal ischaemia. A review of 214 cases (1994) Ann Chir Gynaecol, 83, pp. 22-25
• Beaulieu, R.J., Arnaoutakis, K.D., Abularrage, C.J., Efron, D.T., Schneider, E., Black, J.H., 3rd, Comparison of open and endovascular treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia (2014) J Vasc Surg, 59, pp. 159-164
• Bjorck, M., Orr, N., Endean, E.D., Debate: Whether an endovascular-first strategy is the optimal approach for treating acute mesenteric ischemia (2015) J Vasc Surg, 62, pp. 767-772
• Block, T.A., Acosta, S., Bjorck, M., Endovascular and open surgery for acute occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (2010) J Vasc Surg, 52, pp. 959-966
• Kalra, M., Ryer, E.J., Oderich, G.S., Duncan, A.A., Bower, T.C., Gloviczki, P., Contemporary results of treatment of acute arterial mesenteric thrombosis: has endovascular treatment improved outcomes? (2012) Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc Ther, 24, pp. 171-176
• Wyers, M.C., Powell, R.J., Nolan, B.W., Cronenwett, J.L., Retrograde mesenteric stenting during laparotomy for acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia (2007) J Vasc Surg, 45, pp. 269-275
• Arthurs, Z.M., Titus, J., Bannazadeh, M., Eagleton, M.J., Srivastava, S., Sarac, T.P., A comparison of endovascular revascularization with traditional therapy for the treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia (2011) J Vasc Surg, 53, pp. 698-704
• Schermerhorn, M.L., Giles, K.A., Hamdan, A.D., Wyers, M.C., Pomposelli, F.B., Mesenteric revascularization: management and outcomes in the United States, 1988–2006 (2009) J Vasc Surg, 50, pp. 341-348
• Rotondo, M.F., Schwab, C.W., McGonigal, M.D., Phillips, G.R., 3rd, Fruchterman, T.M., Kauder, D.R., ‘Damage control’: an approach for improved survival in exsanguinating penetrating abdominal injury (1993) J Trauma, 35, pp. 375-382
• Bjorck, M., Acosta, S., Lindberg, F., Troeng, T., Bergqvist, D., Revascularization of the superior mesenteric artery after acute thromboembolic occlusion (2002) Br J Surg, 89, pp. 923-927
• Bjornsson, S., Bjorck, M., Block, T., Resch, T., Acosta, S., Thrombolysis for acute occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (2011) J Vasc Surg, 54, pp. 1734-1742
• Thomas, J.H., Blake, K., Pierce, G.E., Hermreck, A.S., Seigel, E., The clinical course of asymptomatic mesenteric arterial stenosis (1998) J Vasc Surg, 27, pp. 840-844
• van Petersen, A.S., Meerwaldt, R., Kolkman, J.J., Huisman, A.B., van der Palen, J., van Bockel, J.H., The influence of respiration on criteria for transabdominal duplex examination of the splanchnic arteries in patients with suspected chronic splanchnic ischemia (2013) J Vasc Surg, 57, pp. 1603-1611
• Zwolak, R.M., Fillinger, M.F., Walsh, D.B., LaBombard, F.E., Musson, A., Darling, C.E., Mesenteric and celiac duplex scanning: a validation study (1998) J Vasc Surg, 27, pp. 1078-1087
• Rheudasil, J.M., Stewart, M.T., Schellack, J.V., Smith, R.B., 3rd, Salam, A.A., Perdue, G.D., Surgical treatment of chronic mesenteric arterial insufficiency (1988) J Vasc Surg, 8, pp. 495-500
• Moghadamyeghaneh, Z., Carmichael, J.C., Mills, S.D., Dolich, M.O., Pigazzi, A., Fujitani, R.M., Early outcome of treatment of chronic mesenteric ischemia (2015) Am Surg, 81, pp. 1149-1156
• Rawat, N., Gibbons, C.P., Surgical or endovascular treatment for chronic mesenteric ischemia: a multicenter study (2010) Ann Vasc Surg, 24, pp. 935-945
• Peck, M.A., Conrad, M.F., Kwolek, C.J., LaMuraglia, G.M., Paruchuri, V., Cambria, R.P., Intermediate-term outcomes of endovascular treatment for symptomatic chronic mesenteric ischemia (2010) J Vasc Surg, 51, pp. 140-147
• Silva, J.A., White, C.J., Collins, T.J., Jenkins, J.S., Andry, M.E., Reilly, J.P., Endovascular therapy for chronic mesenteric ischemia (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol, 47, pp. 944-950
• Malgor, R.D., Oderich, G.S., McKusick, M.A., Misra, S., Kalra, M., Duncan, A.A., Results of single- and two-vessel mesenteric artery stents for chronic mesenteric ischemia (2010) Ann Vasc Surg, 24, pp. 1094-1101
• Oderich, G.S., Erdoes, L.S., Lesar, C., Mendes, B.C., Gloviczki, P., Cha, S., Comparison of covered stents versus bare metal stents for treatment of chronic atherosclerotic mesenteric arterial disease (2013) J Vasc Surg, 58, pp. 1316-1323
• Menke, J., Luthje, L., Kastrup, A., Larsen, J., Thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation (2010) Am J Cardiol, 105, pp. 502-510
• Mensink, P.B., van Petersen, A.S., Geelkerken, R.H., Otte, J.A., Huisman, A.B., Kolkman, J.J., Clinical significance of splanchnic artery stenosis (2006) Br J Surg, 93, pp. 1377-1382
• Safian, R.D., Textor, S.C., Renal-artery stenosis (2001) N Engl J Med, 344, pp. 431-442
• Hirsch, A.T., Haskal, Z.J., Hertzer, N.R., Bakal, C.W., Creager, M.A., Halperin, J.L., ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease): endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation
• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
• Society for Vascular Nursing
• TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus
• and Vascular Disease Foundation (2006) Circulation, 113, pp. e463-e654
• Persu, A., Giavarini, A., Touze, E., Januszewicz, A., Sapoval, M., Azizi, M., European consensus on the diagnosis and management of fibromuscular dysplasia (2014) J Hypertens, 32, pp. 1367-1378
• Tafur-Soto, J.D., White, C.J., Renal artery stenosis (2015) Cardiol Clin, 33, pp. 59-73
• Messerli, F.H., Bangalore, S., Makani, H., Rimoldi, S.F., Allemann, Y., White, C.J., Flash pulmonary oedema and bilateral renal artery stenosis: the Pickering syndrome (2011) Eur Heart J, 32, pp. 2231-2235
• Jennings, C.G., Houston, J.G., Severn, A., Bell, S., Mackenzie, I.S., Macdonald, T.M., Renal artery stenosis-when to screen, what to stent? (2014) Curr Atheroscler Rep, 16, p. 416
• Zeller, T., Bonvini, R.F., Sixt, S., Color-coded duplex ultrasound for diagnosis of renal artery stenosis and as follow-up examination after revascularization (2008) Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 71, pp. 995-999
• Williams, G.J., Macaskill, P., Chan, S.F., Karplus, T.E., Yung, W., Hodson, E.M., Comparative accuracy of renal duplex sonographic parameters in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis: paired and unpaired analysis (2007) AJR Am J Roentgenol, 188, pp. 798-811
• AbuRahma, A.F., Yacoub, M., Renal imaging: duplex ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and angiography (2013) Semin Vasc Surg, 26, pp. 134-143
• Tan, K.T., van Beek, E.J., Brown, P.W., van Delden, O.M., Tijssen, J., Ramsay, L.E., Magnetic resonance angiography for the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis: a meta-analysis (2002) Clin Radiol, 57, pp. 617-624
• De Bruyne, B., Manoharan, G., Pijls, N.H., Verhamme, K., Madaric, J., Bartunek, J., Assessment of renal artery stenosis severity by pressure gradient measurements (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol, 48, pp. 1851-1855
• Drieghe, B., Madaric, J., Sarno, G., Manoharan, G., Bartunek, J., Heyndrickx, G.R., Assessment of renal artery stenosis: side-by-side comparison of angiography and duplex ultrasound with pressure gradient measurements (2008) Eur Heart J, 29, pp. 517-524
• Conlon, P.J., Little, M.A., Pieper, K., Mark, D.B., Severity of renal vascular disease predicts mortality in patients undergoing coronary angiography (2001) Kidney Int, 60, pp. 1490-1497
• Mailloux, L.U., Napolitano, B., Bellucci, A.G., Vernace, M., Wilkes, B.M., Mossey, R.T., Renal vascular disease causing end-stage renal disease, incidence, clinical correlates, and outcomes: a 20-year clinical experience (1994) Am J Kidney Dis, 24, pp. 622-629
• Catapano, A.L., Graham, I., De Backer, G., Wiklund, O., Chapman, M.J., Drexel, H., 2016 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias: the Task Force for the Management of Dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR) (2016) Eur Heart J, 37, pp. 2999-3058
• Evans, K.L., Tuttle, K.R., Folt, D.A., Dawson, T., Haller, S.T., Brewster, P.S., Use of renin-angiotensin inhibitors in people with renal artery stenosis (2014) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 9, pp. 1199-1206
• Hackam, D.G., Duong-Hua, M.L., Mamdani, M., Li, P., Tobe, S.W., Spence, J.D., Angiotensin inhibition in renovascular disease: a population-based cohort study (2008) Am Heart J, 156, pp. 549-555
• Chrysochou, C., Foley, R.N., Young, J.F., Khavandi, K., Cheung, C.M., Kalra, P.A., Dispelling the myth: the use of renin-angiotensin blockade in atheromatous renovascular disease (2012) Nephrol Dial Transplant, 27, pp. 1403-1409
• Losito, A., Errico, R., Santirosi, P., Lupattelli, T., Scalera, G.B., Lupattelli, L., Long-term follow-up of atherosclerotic renovascular disease. Beneficial effect of ACE inhibition (2005) Nephrol Dial Transplant, 20, pp. 1604-1609
• Hackam, D.G., Wu, F., Li, P., Austin, P.C., Tobe, S.W., Mamdani, M.M., Statins and renovascular disease in the elderly: a population-based cohort study (2011) Eur Heart J, 32, pp. 598-610
• Vashist, A., Heller, E.N., Brown, E.J., Jr., Alhaddad, I.A., Renal artery stenosis: a cardiovascular perspective (2002) Am Heart J, 143, pp. 559-564
• Chrysant, G.S., Bates, M.C., Sullivan, T.M., Bachinsky, W.B., Popma, J.J., Peng, L., Proper patient selection yields significant and sustained reduction in systolic blood pressure following renal artery stenting in patients with uncontrolled hypertension: long-term results from the HERCULES trial (2014) J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 16, pp. 497-503
• Jaff, M.R., Bates, M., Sullivan, T., Popma, J., Gao, X., Zaugg, M., Significant reduction in systolic blood pressure following renal artery stenting in patients with uncontrolled hypertension: results from the HERCULES trial (2012) Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 80, pp. 343-350
• Nordmann, A.J., Woo, K., Parkes, R., Logan, A.G., Balloon angioplasty or medical therapy for hypertensive patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2003) Am J Med, 114, pp. 44-50
• Bavry, A.A., Kapadia, S.R., Bhatt, D.L., Kumbhani, D.J., Renal artery revascularization: updated meta-analysis with the CORAL trial (2014) JAMA Intern Med, 174, pp. 1849-1851
• Cooper, C.J., Murphy, T.P., Cutlip, D.E., Jamerson, K., Henrich, W., Reid, D.M., Stenting and medical therapy for atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis (2014) N Engl J Med, 370, pp. 13-22
• Murphy, T.P., Cooper, C.J., Matsumoto, A.H., Cutlip, D.E., Pencina, K.M., Jamerson, K., Renal artery stent outcomes: effect of baseline blood pressure, stenosis severity, and translesion pressure gradient (2015) J Am Coll Cardiol, 66, pp. 2487-2494
• Wheatley, K., Ives, N., Gray, R., Kalra, P.A., Moss, J.G., Baigent, C., Revascularization versus medical therapy for renal-artery stenosis (2009) N Engl J Med, 361, pp. 1953-1962
• Bax, L., Woittiez, A.J., Kouwenberg, H.J., Mali, W.P., Buskens, E., Beek, F.J., Stent placement in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and impaired renal function: a randomized trial (2009) Ann Intern Med, 150, pp. 840-848
• Olin, J.W., Gornik, H.L., Bacharach, J.M., Biller, J., Fine, L.J., Gray, B.H., Fibromuscular dysplasia: state of the science and critical unanswered questions: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association (2014) Circulation, 129, pp. 1048-1078
• Davies, M.G., Saad, W.E., Peden, E.K., Mohiuddin, I.T., Naoum, J.J., Lumsden, A.B., The long-term outcomes of percutaneous therapy for renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia (2008) J Vasc Surg, 48, pp. 865-871
• Mousa, A.Y., Campbell, J.E., Stone, P.A., Broce, M., Bates, M.C., AbuRahma, A.F., Short- and long-term outcomes of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty/stenting of renal fibromuscular dysplasia over a ten-year period (2012) J Vasc Surg, 55, pp. 421-427
• Trinquart, L., Mounier-Vehier, C., Sapoval, M., Gagnon, N., Plouin, P.F., Efficacy of revascularization for renal artery stenosis caused by fibromuscular dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2010) Hypertension, 56, pp. 525-532
• Kane, G.C., Xu, N., Mistrik, E., Roubicek, T., Stanson, A.W., Garovic, V.D., Renal artery revascularization improves heart failure control in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (2010) Nephrol Dial Transplant, 25, pp. 813-820
• Ritchie, J., Green, D., Chrysochou, C., Chalmers, N., Foley, R.N., Kalra, P.A., High-risk clinical presentations in atherosclerotic renovascular disease: prognosis and response to renal artery revascularization (2014) Am J Kidney Dis, 63, pp. 186-197
• van den Berg, D.T., Deinum, J., Postma, C.T., van der Wilt, G.J., Riksen, N.P., The efficacy of renal angioplasty in patients with renal artery stenosis and flash oedema or congestive heart failure: a systematic review (2012) Eur J Heart Fail, 14, pp. 773-781
• Cianci, R., Martina, P., Borghesi, F., di Donato, D., Polidori, L., Lai, S., Revascularization versus medical therapy for renal artery stenosis: antihypertensive drugs and renal outcome (2011) Angiology, 62, pp. 92-99
• Abela, R., Ivanova, S., Lidder, S., Morris, R., Hamilton, G., An analysis comparing open surgical and endovascular treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (2009) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 38, pp. 666-675
• Balzer, K.M., Neuschafer, S., Sagban, T.A., Grotemeyer, D., Pfeiffer, T., Rump, L.C., Renal artery revascularization after unsuccessful percutaneous therapy: a single centre experience (2012) Langenbecks Arch Surg, 397, pp. 111-115
• Balzer, K.M., Pfeiffer, T., Rossbach, S., Voiculescu, A., Modder, U., Godehardt, E., Prospective randomized trial of operative vs interventional treatment for renal artery ostial occlusive disease (RAOOD) (2009) J Vasc Surg, 49, pp. 667-674
• McDermott, M.M., Greenland, P., Liu, K., Guralnik, J.M., Criqui, M.H., Dolan, N.C., Leg symptoms in peripheral arterial disease: associated clinical characteristics and functional impairment (2001) JAMA, 286, pp. 1599-1606
• Leng, G.C., Fowkes, F.G., The Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire: an improved version of the WHO/Rose Questionnaire for use in epidemiological surveys (1992) J Clin Epidemiol, 45, pp. 1101-1109
• Norgren, L., Hiatt, W.R., Dormandy, J.A., Nehler, M.R., Harris, K.A., Fowkes, F.G., Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II) (2007) J Vasc Surg, 45, pp. S5-S67
• Abou-Zamzam, A.M., Jr., Gomez, N.R., Molkara, A., Banta, J.E., Teruya, T.H., Killeen, J.D., A prospective analysis of critical limb ischemia: factors leading to major primary amputation versus revascularization (2007) Ann Vasc Surg, 21, pp. 458-463
• Abu Dabrh, A.M., Steffen, M.W., Undavalli, C., Asi, N., Wang, Z., Elamin, M.B., The natural history of untreated severe or critical limb ischemia (2015) J Vasc Surg, 62, pp. 1642-1651
• Sigvant, B., Lundin, F., Wahlberg, E., The risk of disease progression in peripheral arterial disease is higher than expected: a meta-analysis of mortality and disease progression in peripheral arterial disease (2016) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 51, pp. 395-403
• Xu, D., Zou, L., Xing, Y., Hou, L., Wei, Y., Zhang, J., Diagnostic value of ankle-brachial index in peripheral arterial disease: a meta-analysis (2013) Can J Cardiol, 29, pp. 492-498
• Aboyans, V., Criqui, M.H., Abraham, P., Allison, M.A., Creager, M.A., Diehm, C., Measurement and interpretation of the ankle-brachial index: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association (2012) Circulation, 126, pp. 2890-2909
• Tehan, P.E., Santos, D., Chuter, V.H., A systematic review of the sensitivity and specificity of the toe-brachial index for detecting peripheral artery disease (2016) Vasc Med, 21, pp. 382-389
• Collins, R., Cranny, G., Burch, J., Aguiar-Ibanez, R., Craig, D., Wright, K., A systematic review of duplex ultrasound, magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography for the diagnosis and assessment of symptomatic, lower limb peripheral arterial disease (2007) Health Technol Assess, 11, pp. 1-184
• Met, R., Bipat, S., Legemate, D.A., Reekers, J.A., Koelemay, M.J., Diagnostic performance of computed tomography angiography in peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2009) JAMA, 301, pp. 415-424
• Menke, J., Larsen, J., Meta-analysis: accuracy of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography for assessing steno-occlusions in peripheral arterial disease (2010) Ann Intern Med, 153, pp. 325-334
• Koelemay, M.J., Lijmer, J.G., Stoker, J., Legemate, D.A., Bossuyt, P.M., Magnetic resonance angiography for the evaluation of lower extremity arterial disease: a meta-analysis (2001) JAMA, 285, pp. 1338-1345
• Ouwendijk, R., de Vries, M., Stijnen, T., Pattynama, P.M., van Sambeek, M.R., Buth, J., Multicenter randomized controlled trial of the costs and effects of noninvasive diagnostic imaging in patients with peripheral arterial disease: the DIPAD trial (2008) AJR Am J Roentgenol, 190, pp. 1349-1357
• Barba, A., Estallo, L., Rodriguez, L., Baquer, M., Vega de Ceniga, M., Detection of abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients with peripheral artery disease (2005) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 30, pp. 504-508
• Giugliano, G., Laurenzano, E., Rengo, C., De Rosa, G., Brevetti, L., Sannino, A., Abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients affected by intermittent claudication: prevalence and clinical predictors (2012) BMC Surg, 12, p. S17
• Juergens, J.L., Barker, N.W., Hines, E.A., Jr., Arteriosclerosis obliterans: review of 520 cases with special reference to pathogenic and prognostic factors (1960) Circulation, 21, pp. 188-195
• Momsen, A.H., Jensen, M.B., Norager, C.B., Madsen, M.R., Vestersgaard-Andersen, T., Lindholt, J.S., Drug therapy for improving walking distance in intermittent claudication: a systematic review and meta-analysis of robust randomised controlled studies (2009) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 38, pp. 463-474
• Shahin, Y., Barnes, R., Barakat, H., Chetter, I.C., Meta-analysis of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors effect on walking ability and ankle brachial pressure index in patients with intermittent claudication (2013) Atherosclerosis, 231, pp. 283-290
• Vlachopoulos, C., Terentes-Printzios, D., Aboyans, V., Brodmann, M., De Carlo, M., Tousoulis, D., Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and walking distance: have we walked the whole distance? (2016) Atherosclerosis, 252, pp. 199-200
• Bagger, J.P., Helligsoe, P., Randsbaek, F., Kimose, H.H., Jensen, B.S., Effect of verapamil in intermittent claudication A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study after individual dose-response assessment (1997) Circulation, 95, pp. 411-414
• Espinola-Klein, C., Weisser, G., Jagodzinski, A., Savvidis, S., Warnholtz, A., Ostad, M.A., Beta-blockers in patients with intermittent claudication and arterial hypertension: results from the nebivolol or metoprolol in arterial occlusive disease trial (2011) Hypertension, 58, pp. 148-154
• Soga, Y., Iida, O., Takahara, M., Hirano, K., Suzuki, K., Kawasaki, D., Beta-blocker treatment does not worsen critical limb ischemia in patients receiving endovascular therapy (2015) J Atheroscler Thromb, 22, pp. 481-489
• Mirault, T.G.A., Cambou, J.P., Lacroix, P., Aboyans, V., Boulon, C., Constans, J., Impact of beta-blockers on general and local outcome in patients hospitalized for lower extremity peripheral artery disease. The COPART Registry (2017) Medicine (Baltimore), 96, p. e5916
• Lane, R., Ellis, B., Watson, L., Leng, G.C., Exercise for intermittent claudication (2014) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 7
• Fokkenrood, H.J., Bendermacher, B.L., Lauret, G.J., Willigendael, E.M., Prins, M.H., Teijink, J.A., Supervised exercise therapy versus non-supervised exercise therapy for intermittent claudication (2013) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 8
• Gommans, L.N., Fokkenrood, H.J., van Dalen, H.C., Scheltinga, M.R., Teijink, J.A., Peters, R.J., Safety of supervised exercise therapy in patients with intermittent claudication (2015) J Vasc Surg, 61, pp. 512-518
• Bermingham, S.L., Sparrow, K., Mullis, R., Fox, M., Shearman, C., Bradbury, A., The cost-effectiveness of supervised exercise for the treatment of intermittent claudication (2013) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 46, pp. 707-714
• Al-Jundi, W., Madbak, K., Beard, J.D., Nawaz, S., Tew, G.A., Systematic review of home-based exercise programmes for individuals with intermittent claudication (2013) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 46, pp. 690-706
• Back, M., Jivegard, L., Johansson, A., Nordanstig, J., Svanberg, T., Adania, U.W., Home-based supervised exercise versus hospital-based supervised exercise or unsupervised walk advice as treatment for intermittent claudication: a systematic review (2015) J Rehabil Med, 47, pp. 801-808
• Lauret, G.J., Fakhry, F., Fokkenrood, H.J., Hunink, M.G., Teijink, J.A., Spronk, S., Modes of exercise training for intermittent claudication (2014) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 7
• Jakubseviciene, E., Vasiliauskas, D., Velicka, L., Kubilius, R., Milinaviciene, E., Vencloviene, J., Effectiveness of a new exercise program after lower limb arterial blood flow surgery in patients with peripheral arterial disease: a randomized clinical trial (2014) Int J Environ Res Public Health, 11, pp. 7961-7976
• Kruidenier, L.M., Nicolai, S.P., Rouwet, E.V., Peters, R.J., Prins, M.H., Teijink, J.A., Additional supervised exercise therapy after a percutaneous vascular intervention for peripheral arterial disease: a randomized clinical trial (2011) J Vasc Interv Radiol, 22, pp. 961-968
• Gargiulo, G., Giugliano, G., Brevetti, L., Sannino, A., Schiattarella, G.G., Serino, F., Use of statins in lower extremity artery disease: a review (2012) BMC Surg, 12, p. S15
• McDermott, M.M., Guralnik, J.M., Greenland, P., Pearce, W.H., Criqui, M.H., Liu, K., Statin use and leg functioning in patients with and without lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (2003) Circulation, 107, pp. 757-761
• Robertson, L., Andras, A., Prostanoids for intermittent claudication (2013) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 4
• Stevens, J.W., Simpson, E., Harnan, S., Squires, H., Meng, Y., Thomas, S., Systematic review of the efficacy of cilostazol, naftidrofuryl oxalate and pentoxifylline for the treatment of intermittent claudication (2012) Br J Surg, 99, pp. 1630-1638
• Indes, J.E., Pfaff, M.J., Farrokhyar, F., Brown, H., Hashim, P., Cheung, K., Clinical outcomes of 5358 patients undergoing direct open bypass or endovascular treatment for aortoiliac occlusive disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2013) J Endovasc Ther, 20, pp. 443-455
• Grimme, F.A., Goverde, P.C., Verbruggen, P.J., Zeebregts, C.J., Reijnen, M.M., Editor's choice—first results of the covered endovascular reconstruction of the aortic bifurcation (CERAB) technique for aortoiliac occlusive disease (2015) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 50, pp. 638-647
• Anderson, J.L., Antman, E.M., Harold, J.G., Jessup, M., O'Gara, P.T., Pinto, F.J., Clinical practice guidelines on perioperative c