[en] Spinochromes are principally known to be involved in sea urchin pigmentation as well as for their potentially interesting pharmacological properties. To assess their biological role in sea urchin physiology, experiments are undertaken on crude extracts from four species and on four isolated spinochromes in order to test their antibacterial, antioxidant, inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. First, the antibacterial assays show that the use of crude extracts as representatives of antibacterial effects of spinochromes are inaccurate. The assays on purified spinochromes showed a decrease in the growth of four strains with an intensity depending on the spinochromes/bacteria system, revealing the participation of spinochromes in the defense system against microorganisms. Secondly, in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant assays, spinochromes show an enhanced activity compared to the positive control. This latter observation suggests their involvement in ultraviolet radiation protection. Third, spinochromes present a pro-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, highlighting their possible implication in the sea urchin immune system. Finally, cytotoxicity assays based on Trypan blue exclusion, performed in view of their possible future applications as drugs, show a weak cytotoxicity of these compounds against human cells. In conclusion, all results confirm the implication of spinochromes in sea urchin defense mechanisms against their external environment and reveal their potential for pharmacological and agronomical industries.
Disciplines :
Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology
Author, co-author :
Brasseur, Lola; Université de Mons - UMONS
Hennebert, Elise; Université de Mons - UMONS
Fievez, Laurence ; Université de Liège > Département des sciences fonctionnelles (DSF) > GIGA-R : Biochimie et biologie moléculaire
Caulier, Guillaume; Université de Mons - UMONS
Bureau, Fabrice ; Université de Liège > Département des sciences fonctionnelles (DSF) > GIGA-R : Biochimie et biologie moléculaire
Tafforeau, Lionel; Université de Mons - UMONS
Flammang, Patrick; Université de Mons - UMONS
Gerbaux, Pascal; Université de Mons - UMONS
Eeckhaut, Igor; Université de Mons - UMONS
Language :
English
Title :
The Roles of Spinochromes in Four Shallow Water Tropical Sea Urchins and Their Potential as Bioactive Pharmacological Agents.
Publication date :
2017
Journal title :
Marine Drugs
ISSN :
1660-3397
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Switzerland
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