Towards a model of the learning needs of the effective entrepreneur

Aouni, Zineb; Surlemont, Bernard

doi:10.1504/IJESB.2009.025090

Request a copy

Article (Scientific journals)

Towards a model of the learning needs of the effective entrepreneur

Aouni, Zineb; Surlemont, Bernard

2009 • In International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 8 (3), p. 431–446

Peer reviewed

Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2268/202599

DOI
10.1504/IJESB.2009.025090

Files (1)Send to Details Statistics Bibliography Similar publications

Files

Full Text

2009_IJESB_published_paper.pdf

Publisher postprint (236.49 kB)

Request a copy

All documents in ORBi are protected by a user license.

Send to

RIS BibTex APA Chicago Permalink X Linkedin

Details

Keywords :

learning needs; entrepreneurial cognition; learning style

Abstract :

[en] The purpose of this paper is to provide a unifying framework identifying the main learning needs of potential entrepreneurs. Based on the competency based theory, these learning needs are defined as the competencies to be effective at each step of the entrepreneurial process. In order to achieve this, the paper pays great attention to defining the central concepts of 'entrepreneur', 'entrepreneurship' and 'the entrepreneurial process'. The purpose is to arrive at a clear specification of the entrepreneur's role in the entrepreneurial process. This provides the basis for identifying the key 'entrepreneurial competencies' needed to be effective in the entrepreneurial process. This analysis relies on cognition research and entrepreneurship learning literature in order to understand how those entrepreneurial competencies are acquired through time and ultimately to highlight the individual variables influencing their acquisition. The paper closes with a preliminary model of the learning needs of effective entrepreneurs. The paper's main practical contribution is to underline the key dimensions that entrepreneurship programmes should incorporate.

Research Center/Unit :

Centre de Recherche P.M.E. et d'Entrepreneuriat - ULiège

Disciplines :

General management, entrepreneurship & organizational theory

Author, co-author :

Aouni, Zineb ; Université de Liège > HEC-Ecole de gestion : UER > Gestion internationale - Entrepreneuriat

Surlemont, Bernard ; Université de Liège > HEC-Ecole de gestion : UER > Gestion internationale - Entrepreneuriat

Language :

English

Title :

Towards a model of the learning needs of the effective entrepreneur

Publication date :

2009

Journal title :

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business

ISSN :

1476-1297

eISSN :

1741-8054

Publisher :

Inderscience Enterprises

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

431–446

Peer reviewed :

Peer reviewed

Available on ORBi :

since 15 October 2016

Statistics

Number of views

120 (6 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

2 (1 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

Bibliography

Ajzen, I. (1991) 'The theory of planned behavior', Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp.179-211.
Aldrich, H. (1999) Organizations Evolving, Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Aldrich, H. and Martinez, M.A. (2001) 'Many are called, but few are chosen: An evolutionary perspective for the study of entrepreneurship', Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp.48-57.
Ardichvili, A., Cardozo, R. and Ray, S. (2003) 'A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and development', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.105-123.
Baron, R. (1998) 'Cognitive mechanisms in entrepreneurship: Why and when entrepreneurs think differently than other people', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp.275-294.
Baron, R. (2004) 'The cognitive perspective: A valuable tool for answering entrepreneurship's basic "why" questions', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp.221-239.
Baron, R. (2006) 'Opportunity recognition as pattern recognition: How entrepreneurs "connect the dots" to identify new business opportunities', Academy of Management Perspectives, Vol. 20, No 1, pp.104-119.
Béchard, J.P. and Grégoire, D. (2005) 'Entrepreneurship education revisited: The case of higher education', Academy of Management Learning & Education, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp.22-43.
Bird, B. (1988) 'Implementing entrepreneurial ideas: The case for intention', Academy of Management Review, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp.442-453.
Brush, C.G. (1992) 'Marketplace information scanning activities of new manufacturing ventures', Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp.41-53.
Brush, C.G., Duhaime, I.M., Gartner, W.B., Stewart, A., Katz, J.A., Michael, A.H., Alvarez, S.A., Meyer, D. and Venkataraman, S. (2003) 'Doctoral education in the field of entrepreneurship', Journal of Management, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp.309-331.
Buenstorf, G. (2007) 'Creation and pursuit of entrepreneurial opportunities: An evolutionary economics perspective', Small Business Economics, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.323-337.
Busenitz, L. and Barney, J. (1997) 'Differences between entrepreneurs and managers in large organizations: Biases and heuristics in strategic decision making', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp.9-30.
Busenitz, L.W. (1996) 'Research on entrepreneurial alertness', Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 34, No. 4, pp.35-44.
Bygrave, W.D. and Hofer, C.W. (1991) 'Theorising about entrepreneurship', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp.13-22.
Carter, N.M., Gartner, W.B. and Reynolds, P.D. (1996) 'Exploring start-up event sequences', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp.151-166.
Cohen, W.M. and Levinthal, D.A. (1990) 'Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation', Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp.128-152.
Cope, J. (2005) 'Toward a dynamic learning perspective of entrepreneurship', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp.373-397.
Corbett, A.C. (2005) 'Experiential learning within the process of opportunity identification and exploitation', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp.473-491.
Davidsson, P. (2003) 'Method issues in the study of venture start-up processes', Proceedings 17th Nordic Conference on Business Studies Reykjavik, Iceland.
Delmar, F. and Davidsson, P. (2000) 'Where do they come from? Prevalence and characteristics of nascent entrepreneurs', Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp.1-23.
Fayolle, A., Gailly, B. and Lassas-Clerc, N. (2006) 'Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education programmes: A new methodology', Journal of European Industrial Training, Vol. 30, Nos. 8-9, pp.701-720.
Fiet, J.O. (2001) 'The pedagogical side of entrepreneurship theory', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp.101-117.
Forbes, D.P. (1999) 'Cognitive approaches to new venture creation', International Journal of Management Review, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp.415-439.
Friedlander, P. (1996) 'Competency-driven, component-based curriculum architecture', Performance and Instruction, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp.14-21.
Gartner, W.B. (1985) 'A conceptual framework for describing the phenomenon of new venture creation', Academy of Management Review, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp.696-706.
Gartner, W.B. (1988) 'Who is an entrepreneur? is the wrong question', American Journal of Small Business, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp.11-32.
Gartner, W.B. (1990) 'What are we talking about when we are talking about entrepreneurship?', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp.15-28.
Gibb, A. (1993) 'Enterprise culture and education: Understanding enterprise education and its links with small business, entrepreneurship and wider educational goals', International Small Business Journal Vol. 11, No. 3, pp.11-34.
Greenberger, D.B. and Sexton, D.L. (1988) 'An interactive model of new venture initiation', Journal of Small Business Management Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.1-7.
Harvey, M. and Evans, R. (1995) 'Strategic windows in the entrepreneurial process', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp.331-347.
Hayek, F.A. (1945) 'The use of knowledge in society', American Economic Review, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp.519-530.
Hewson, P.W. (1982) 'A case study of conceptual change in special relativity: The influence of prior knowledge in learning', International Journal of Science Education, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp.61-78.
Johnson, J.L. and Kuehn, R. (1987) 'The small business owner-manager's search for external information', Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp.53-60.
Kirzner, I.M. (1979) Perception, Opportunity and Profit: Studies in the Theory of Entrepreneurship, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kolb, D.A. (1984) Experiential Learning, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Kuratko, D.F. (2005) 'Entrepreneurship education: Development, trends, and challenges', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 29, No. 5, pp.577-597.
Landström, H. (2005) Pioneers in Entrepreneurship and Small Business Research, New York: Springer.
Laviolette, E.M. and Loue, C. (2006) 'Les Compétences Entrepreneuriales: Définition et Construction d'un Référentiel', Séme Conférence de l'Association Internationale de recherché en entrepreneuriat et PME (AIREPME), Fribourg, Suisse.
Learned, K.E. (1992) 'What happened before the organization? A model of organization formation', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp.5-15.
Minniti, M. and Bygrave, W. (2001) 'A dynamic model of entrepreneurial learning', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp.5-16.
Mitchell, R., Busenitz, L., Lant, T., McDougall, P., Morse, E. and Smith, E. (2002) 'Toward a theory of entrepreneurial cognition: rethinking the people side of entrepreneurship research', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.93-104.
Mohan-Neill, I. (1995) 'The influence of firm's age and size on its environmental scanning activities', Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp.10-21.
Morris, M.H. (1998) 'Entrepreneurial intensity: Sustainable advantage for individuals', Organizations and Societies, Westport, CT: Quorum.
Paquette, G. (2005) Modélisation des Connaissances et des Compétences: Un langage Graphique pour Concevoir et Apprendre, Presse de L'université du Québec.
Politis, D. (2005) 'The process of entrepreneurial learning: A conceptual framework', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp.399-424.
Politis, D. (2006) 'Prior start up experience as a source of learning: A comparison between novice and habitual entrepreneurs', XX RENT Conference Proceedings, Brussels.
Rae, D. and Carswell, M. (2000) 'Using a life-story approach in entrepreneurial learning: The development of a conceptual model and its implications in the design of learning experiences', Education and Training, Vol. 42, Nos. 4-5, pp.220-227.
Rae, D. and Carswell, M. (2001) 'Towards a conceptual understanding of entrepreneurship learning', Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp.150-158.
Ravasi, D. and Turati, C. (2005) 'Exploring entrepreneurial learning: A comparative study of technology development projects', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp.137-164.
Reynolds, P.D. (1997) 'Who starts new firms? - Preliminary explorations of firms-in-gestation', Small Business Economics, Vol. 9, No. 5, pp.449-463.
Romiszowski, A.J. (1981) Designing Instructional Systems, London/ New York: Kogan Page/Nichols Publishing.
Sarasvathy, S.D., Dew, N., Velamuri, S.R. and Venkatamaran, S. (2003) 'Three views of entrepreneurial opportunity', in Z.J. Acs and D.B. Audretsch (Eds.) Handbook of Entrepreneurship Research Boston: Kluwer, pp.141-160.
Shane, S. (2000) 'Prior knowledge and the discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities', Organization Science, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp.446-469.
Shane, S. and Venkataraman, S. (2000) 'The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research', The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp.217-226.
Shepherd, D.A., Douglas, E.J. and Shanley, M. (2000) 'New venture survival: Ignorance, external shocks, and risk reduction strategies', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 15, Nos. 5-6, pp.393-410.
Shook, C.L., Priem, R.L. and McGee, J.E. (2003) 'Venture creation and the enterprising individual: A review and synthesis', Journal of Management, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp.379-399.
Smith, K., Gannon, M., Grimm, C. and Mitchell, T. (1988) 'Decision making in smaller entrepreneurial and larger professionally managed firms', Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp.223-232.
Solomon, G.T., Weaver, K.M. and Fernald, L.W. (1994) 'A historical examination of small business management and entrepreneurship pedagogy', Simulation & Gaming, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp.338-352.
Specht, P. (1987) 'Information sources used for strategic planning decisions in small firms', Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp.21-34.
Tat Keh, H., Der Foo, M. and Chong Lim, B. (2002) 'Opportunity evaluation under risky conditions: The cognitive processes of entrepreneurs', Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.125-148.
Timmons, J.A. (1989) The Entrepreneurial Mind, Andover, MA: Brick House Publishing. Ucbasaran, D., Westhead, P., Wright, M. and Binks, M. (2003) 'Does entrepreneurial experience influence opportunity identification?', Journal of Private Equity, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.7-14.