[en] The present study focuses on the use of lignin, which is the second most abundant constituent
of the biomass, as sustainable flame retardant additive for polylactide (PLA).
Indeed, thanks to its aromatic structure, lignin could be advantageously used, in polymeric
matrices, as a char promotor agent that can allow some reduction of the combustion rate.
An original and simple approach, based on a two-step phosphorus/nitrogen chemical modification,
is proposed to enhance the flame retardant effect of lignin in PLA. This approach
has been applied on two different lignins, i.e. kraft and organosolv lignins. The effect of the
plant origin, extraction mode of lignin as well as it chemical modification on both its
structure and properties was investigated by using several characterization techniques.
Fire properties and thermal behavior of PLA composites containing 20 wt% of both
untreated and treated lignins were characterized by using cone calorimeter, UL-94 and
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results showed that the incorporation of untreated
lignins led to a flame retardant action in PLA thanks to the formation of char but also to
a significant loss of the thermal stability of PLA and to an important decrease of its time
to ignition. In contrast, both phosphorus/nitrogen chemically treated lignins were found
to limit PLA thermal degradation during melt processing as well as during TG experiments
and also to significantly improve fire retardant properties allowing to reach V0 classification
at UL-94. In this paper we also deeply investigated the nature of the gases evolved during
thermal decomposition of treated and untreated lignins by using TGA-Mass
spectrometer and cone calorimeter – FTIR couplings
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Costes, Lucie; Laboratory of Polymeric & Composite Materials, Materia Nova Research Center – University of Mons UMONS, Place du Parc 23, B-7000 Mons, Belgium > Service de Génie des Procédés Chimiques, Faculté Polytechnique – University of Mons UMONS, Place du Parc 23, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
Laoutid, Fouad; Laboratory of Polymeric & Composite Materials, Materia Nova Research Center – University of Mons UMONS, Place du Parc 23, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
Aguedo, Mario ; Université de Liège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Chimie biologique industrielle
Richel, Aurore ; Université de Liège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Chimie biologique industrielle
Brohez, Sylvain; Service de Génie des Procédés Chimiques, Faculté Polytechnique – University of Mons UMONS, Place du Parc 23, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
Delvosalle, Christian; Service de Génie des Procédés Chimiques, Faculté Polytechnique – University of Mons UMONS, Place du Parc 23, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
Dubois, Philippe; Laboratory of Polymeric & Composite Materials, Materia Nova Research Center – University of Mons UMONS, Place du Parc 23, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
Language :
English
Title :
Phosphorus and nitrogen derivatization as efficient route for improvement of lignin flame retardant action in PLA
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