Köppen–Geiger Climate Classification for Europe Recaptured via the Hölder Regularity of Air Temperature Data

In this paper, we make use of the monoHölder nature of surface air temperature data to recapture the Köppen–Geiger climate classification in Europe. Using data from the European climate Assessment and Dataset (ECA&D), we first show that the Ho ̈lder exponents of surface air temperature data are statistically related to pressure anomalies. Then, we establish a climate classification based on these Hölder exponents in such a way that it allows to recover the Ko ̈ppen–Geiger climate classification. We show that the two classifications match for a vast majority of stations, and we corroborate these observations with a confirmation test. We compare these results with those obtained with another dataset (NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis Project) to show that the new classification is still well-adapted, before eventually discussing these findings.