[en] This contribution experimentally evaluates and compares the performance of an ORC (organic Rankine
cycle) system for stationary bottoming WHR (waste heat recovery) application operating with two
different working fluids, SES36 and R245fa. The test rig is a regenerative cycle equipped with a single
screw expander modified from a standard compressor characterized by a nominal shaft power of 11 kW.
A total of 36 and 43 steady-state points are collected for SES36 and R245fa respectively, over a wide
range of operating conditions by changing the expander rotational speed, the pump frequency and the
cooling condenser flow rate. The performances of the ORC components are individually evaluated. A
maximum expander isentropic efficiency of 60% is reached using SES36 at 3000 rpm, and a value of 52%
is reached with R245fa at 3000 rpm. However, for a given pressure ratio the expander output power is
higher with R245fa than with SES36. The overall performance of the ORC unit are investigated in terms of
first and second law efficiencies and net output power for the two fluids. The results experimentally
demonstrate the correlation between the working fluid critical temperature and the ORC unit working
characteristics for low temperature waste heat recovery applications. Open experimental data are provided
for both fluids.
Disciplines :
Energy
Author, co-author :
Desideri, Adriano ; Université de Liège > Département d'aérospatiale et mécanique > Systèmes énergétiques
Gusev, Sergei
Van den Broek, Martijn
Lemort, Vincent ; Université de Liège > Département d'aérospatiale et mécanique > Systèmes énergétiques
Quoilin, Sylvain ; Université de Liège > Département d'aérospatiale et mécanique > Systèmes énergétiques
Language :
English
Title :
Experimental comparison of organic fluids for low temperature ORC (organic Rankine cycle) systems for waste heat recovery applications
Publication date :
29 January 2016
Journal title :
Energy
ISSN :
0360-5442
eISSN :
1873-6785
Publisher :
Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science, Oxford, United Kingdom
Kokic P., Crimp S., Howden M. A probabilistic analysis of human influence on recent record global mean temperature changes. Clim Risk Manag 2014, 3(0):1-12. 10.1016/j.crm.2014.03.002.
Benestad R., Nuccitelli D., Lewandowsky S., Hayhoe K., Hygen H., van Dorland R., et al. Learning from mistakes in climate research. Theor Appl Climatol 2015, 1-5. 10.1007/s00704-015-1597-5.
UN Kyoto protocol reference manual on accounting of emissions and assigned amount 2012, Tech. Rep.; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Houghton J., Jenkins G., Ephraums J. Climate change the IPCC scientic assessment 1990, Tech. Rep.; Intergovernmental panel on climate change.
IEA Industrial excess heat recovery technologies & applications 2010, Tech. Rep.; Industrial Energy-related Technologies and Systems (IETS).
DOE Waste heat recovery: technology and opportunites in U.S. industry 2008, Tech. Rep.; U.S. Department of Energy Industrial technologies Program.
Verneau A. Waste heat recovery by organic fluid Rankine cycle. Proceedings of the first industrial energy technology conference, Houston 1979.
David G., Michel F., Sanchez L. Waste heat recovery projects using organic Rankine cycle technology examples of biogas engines and steel mills applications. World Engineers convention 2011.
Prasad A. Power generation from waste heat using organic rankine cycle systems. Proceedings from the second industrial energy technology conference Houston, TX 1980.
Angelino G., Gaia M., Macchi E. A review of italian activity in the field of organic Rankine cycles. Ver Dtsch Ingenieure Berichte 1984, 539:465-482.
Davidson T.A. Design and analusis of a 1 kW Rankine power cycle, employing a multi-vane expander, for use with a lox temperature solar collector 1977, Master's thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Walraven D., L.B., D'haeseleer W. Comparison of thermodynamic cycles for power production from low-temperature geothermal heat sources. Energy Convers Manag 2013, 66(0):220-233. 10.1016/j.enconman.2012.10.003.
Bao J., Zhao L. A review of working fluid and expander selections for organic rankine cycle. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2013, 24(0):325-342. 10.1016/j.rser.2013.03.040.
Quoilin S., van den Broek M., Declaye S., Dewallef P., Lemort V. Techno-economic survey of organic Rankine cycle ORC systems. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2013, 22:168-186. 10.1016/j.rser.2013.01.028.
Maraver D., Royo J., Lemort V., Quoilin S. Systematic optimization of subcritical and transcritical organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) constrained by technical parameters in multiple applications. Appl Energy 2014, 117(0):11-29. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.076.
Persson J. Performance mapping vs design parameters for screw compressors and other displacement compressor types. Ver Dtsch Ingenieure Berichte 859 1990, 539:15-31.
Qiu G., L.H., R.S. Expanders for micro-CHP systems with organic rankine cycle. Appl Therm Eng 2011, 31(16):3301-3307. 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.06.008.
Lemort V., Declaye S., Quoilin S. Experimental characterization of a hermetic scroll expander for use in a micro-scale Rankine cycle. Proc Ins Mech Eng Part A J Power Energy 2011, 226(1).
Declaye S., Quoilin S., Guillaume L., Lemort V. Experimental study on an open-drive scroll expander integrated into an ORC (organic Rankine cycle) system with R245fa as working fluid. Energy 2013, 55(0):173-183. 10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.003.
Leibowitz H., Smith I., Stosic N. Cost effective small scale ORC systems for power recovery from low grade heat sources. Proceedings of IMEC2006 2006.
Öhman H. Implementation and evaluation of a low temperature waste heat recovery power cycle using NH3 in an organic Rankine cycle. Energy 2012, 48(1):227-232. 10.1016/j.energy.2012.02.074.
Öhman H., Lundqvist P. Experimental investigation of a lysholm turbine operating with superheated, saturated and 2-phase inlet conditions. Appl Therm Eng 2012, 50(1):1211-1218. 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.08.035.
Ziviani D., Bell I., Paepe D., v.d. Broek M. Comprehensive model of a single screw expander for ORC-systems applications. Proceedings of the 22nd International compressor engineering conference at Purdue 2014.
Wang W., Ting Wu Y., Fang Ma C., Ding Liu L., Yu J. Preliminary experimental study of single screw expander prototype. Appl Therm Eng 2011, 31(1718):3684-3688. (SET) 2010 Special Issue. 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.01.019.
He W., Wu Y., Peng Y., Zhang Y., Ma C., Ma G. Influence of intake pressure on the performance of single screw expander working with compressed air. Appl Therm Eng 2013, 51(12):662-669. 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.10.013.
Wang W., Ting Wu Y., Fang Ma C., Dong Xia G., Fu Wang J. Experimental study on the performance of single screw expanders by gap adjustment. Energy 2013, 62(0):379-384. 10.1016/j.energy.2013.09.031.
Gusev S., Ziviani D., Bell I., De Paepe M., van den Broek M. Experimental comparison of working fluids for organic Rankine cycle with single screw expander. Proceedings of the 15th International refrigeration and air conditioning conference Purdue 2014.
Desideri A., v.d. Broek M., Gusev S., Lemort V., Quoilin S. Experimental campaign and modeling of a low-capacity waste heat recovery system based on a single screw expander. Proceedings of the 22nd International compressor engineering conference at Purdue 2014.
Quoilin S. Sustainable energy conversion through the use of organic rankine cycles for waste heat recovery and solar applications 2011, [Ph.D. thesis], University of Lige.
Bergman T.L., Lavine A.S., Incropera F.P., Dewitt D.P. Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer 2011, John Wiley and Sons.
Bell I., Wronski J., Quoilin S., Lemort V. Pure- and pseudo-pure fluid thermophysical property evaluation and the open-source thermophysical property library CoolProp. Industrial Eng Chem Res 2014, 53:2498-2508. 10.1021/ie4033999.
Bala E., O'Callaghan P., Probert S. Influence of organic working fluids on the performance of a positive-displacement pump with sliding vanes. Appl Energy 1985, 20(2):153-159. 10.1016/0306-2619(85)90031-5.
Invernizzi C.M. Closed power cycles 2013, Springer.
Ziviani D., Desideri A., Lemort V., Paepe M.D., Broek M.V.D. Low-order models of a single-screw expander for organic rankine cycle applications. 9th International conference on compressors and their systems 2015.
Liu B.-T., C.K., Wang C.C. Effect of working fluids on organic Rankine cycle for waste heat recovery. Energy 2004, 29(8):120717. 10.1016/j.energy.2004.01.004.
Quoilin S., Declaye S., Legros A., Guillaume L., Vincent L. Working fluid selection and operating maps for organic Rankine cycle expansion machines. Proceedings of the 21st International compressor conference at Purdue 2012.
