[en] The advantage of mucosal vaccination is the induction of an immune response at entry sites of pathogens. Because vaccines alone are poorly bioavailable after mucosal administration, they need to be co-administered with penetration enhancers, or adjuvants. Numerous studies have demonstrated that chitosans and their derivatives are safe and effective mucosal absorption enhancers of hydrophylic macromolecules such as peptides and proteins. Chitosan is a cationic polysaccharide derived from chitin present in the covering layer of arthropods and in the cell walls of many fungi. Association of vaccines to chitosans, their derivatives or some of their particulate systems, such as nano- and microparticles, has also shown to enhance antigen uptake by mucosal lymphoid tissues, thereby inducing mucosal and systemic immune responses against these antigens. Chitosan and its derivatives are promising adjuvants for mucosal vaccine delivery in animals.
Disciplines :
Microbiology Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Gogev, S.
Jaspar-Versali, Marie-France ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la vie > Biologie moléculaire et biotechnologie végétales
Thiry, Etienne ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires > Virologie, épidémiologie et pathologie des maladies virales
Language :
French
Title :
Les chitosanes – nouveaux adjuvants pour la vaccination par voie muqueuse chez les animaux
Alternative titles :
[en] Chitosans - Novel mucosal adjuvants for vaccination in animals
APPLE R.J., DOMEN P.L., MUCKERHEIDE A., MICHAEL J.G. Cationization of protein antigens. IV. Increased antigen uptake by antigen-presenting cells. J. Immunol., 1988, 140, 3290-3295.
ARTURSSON P., LINDMARK T., DAVIS S.S., ILLUM L. Effect of chitosan on the permeability of monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). Pharm. Res., 1994, 11, 1358-1361.
ASPDEN T.J., ILLUM L., SKAUGRUD Ø. Chitosan as a nasal delivery system: evaluation of insulin absorption enhancement and effect on nasal membrane integrity using rat models. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 1996, 4, 23-31.
ASPDEN T.J., ILLUM L., SKAUGRUD Ø. The effect of chronic nasal application of chitosan solutions on cilia beat frequency in guinea pigs. Int. J. Pharm., 1997a, 153, 137-146.
ASPDEN T.J., MASON J.D., JONES N.S., LOWE J., SKAUGRUD O., ILLUM L. Chitosan as a nasal delivery system: the effect of chitosan solutions on in vitro and in vivo mucociliary transport rates in human turbinates and volunteers. J. Pharm. Sci., 1997b, 86, 509-513.
BACON A., MAKIN J., SIZER P.J., JABBAL-GILL I., HINCHCLIFFE M., ILLUM L., CHATFIELD S., ROBERTS M. Carbohydrate biopolymers enhance antibody responses to mucosally delivered vaccine antigens. Infect. Immun., 2000, 68, 5764-5770.
BERNKOP-SCHNURCH A., PASTA M. Intestinal peptide and protein delivery: novel bioadhesive drug-carrier matrix shielding from enzymatic attack. J. Pharm. Sci., 1998, 87, 430-434.
BERTHOLD A., CREMER K., KREUTER J. Preparation and characterization of chitosan microspheres as drug carrier for prednisolone sodium phosphate as model for anti-inflammatory drugs. J. Control. Release, 1996, 39, 17-25.
BROOKING J., DAVIS S.S., ILLUM L. Transport of nanoparticles across the rat nasal mucosa. J. Drug Target., 2001, 9, 267-279.
CALVO P., REMUNAN-LOPEZ C., VILA-JATO J.L., ALONSO M.J. Chitosan and chitosan/ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer nanoparticles as novel carriers for proteins and vaccines. Pharm. Res., 1997, 14, 1431-1436.
CHORNET E., DUMITRIU S. Inclusion and release of proteins from polysaccharide-based polyion complexes. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 1998, 31, 223-246.
DAVIES N.M., FARR S.J., HADGRAFT J., KELLAWAY I.W. Evaluation of mucoadhesive polymers in ocular drug delivery. I. Viscous solutions. Pharm. Res., 1991, 8, 1039-1043.
DODANE V., AMIN K.M., MERWIN J.R. Effect of chitosan on epithelial permeability and structure. Int. J. Pharm., 1999, 182, 21-32.
DUTKIEWICZ J., TUORA M. New forms of chitosans polyelectrolyte complexes. In: Brine C.J., Standford P.A., Zikakis J.P. (Eds.), Advances in Chitin and Chitosan. Elsevier: London, 1992, 496-505.
DYER A.M., HINCHCLIFFE M., WATTS P., CASTILE J., JABBAL-GILL I., NANKERVIS R., SMITH A., ILLUM L. Nasal delivery of insulin using novel chitosan based formulations: a comparative study in two animal models between simple chitosan formulations and chitosan nanoparticles. Pharm. Res., 2002, 19, 998-1008.
FERNANDEZ-URRUSUNO R., CALVO P., REMUNAN-LOPEZ C., VILA-JATO J.L., ALONSO M.J. Enhancement of nasal absorption of insulin using chitosan nanoparticles. Pharm. Res., 1999, 16, 1576-1581.
GOGEV S., VERSALI M.-F., GAUTIER S., THIRY E. Glycol Chitosan improves the efficacy of intranasally administered replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 expressing glycoprotein D of bovine herpesvirus 1. Vaccine, 2003, accepté pour publication.
GREAVES J.L., WILSON C.G. Treatment of diseases of the eye with mucoadhesive delivery systems. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 1993, 11, 349-383.
HIDALGO I.J., RAUB T.J., BORCHARDT R.T. Characterization of the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) as a model system for intestinal epithelial permeability. Gastroenterology, 1989, 96, 736-749.
HORNER A.A., RONAGHY A., CHENG P.M., NGUYEN M.D., CHO H.J., BROIDE D., RAZ E. Immunostimulatory DNA is a potent mucosal adjuvant. Cell Immunol., 1998, 190, 77-82.
ILLUM L., FARRAJ N.F., DAVIS S.S. Chitosan as a novel nasal delivery system for peptide drugs. Pharm. Res., 1994, 11, 1186-1189.
ILLUM L. Transport of drugs from the nasal cavity to the central nervous system. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 2000, 11, 1-18.
ILLUM L., JABBAL-GILL I., HINCHCLIFFE M., FISHER A.N., DAVIS S.S. Chitosan as a novel nasal delivery system for vaccines Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev., 2001, 51, 81-96.
JABBAL-GILL I., FISHER A.N., RAPPUOLI R., DAVIS S.S., ILLUM L. Stimulation of mucosal and systemic antibody responses against Bordetella pertussis filamentous haemagglutinin and recombinant pertussis toxin after nasal administration with chitosan in mice. Vaccine, 1998, 16, 2039-2046.
JASPAR-VERSALI M.F., CLERISSE F. Expression and characterization of recombinant chitin deacetylase. In: Domard A., Roberts G.A.F., Varum K.M. (Eds.), Advances in Chitin Sciences. Jacques André Publisher: Lyon, 1997, 273-278.
KAS H.S. Chitosan: properties, preparations and application to microparticulate systems. J. Microencapsul., 1997, 14, 689-711.
KOTZE A.F., LUESSEN H.L., DE L.B., DE B.A., VERHOEF J.C., JUNGINGER H.E. Comparison of the effect of different chitosan salts and N-trimethyl chitosan chloride on the permeability of intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). J. Control. Release, 1998, 51, 35-46.
LEHR C.M., BOUWSTRA J.A., SCHACHT E.H., JUNGINGER H.E. In vitro evaluation of mucoadhesive properties of chitosan and some other natural polymers. Int. J. Pharm., 1992, 78, 43-48.
LORENZO-LAMOSA M.L., REMUNAN-LOPEZ C., VILA-JATO J.L., ALONSO M.J. Design of microencapsulated chitosan microspheres for colonic drug delivery. J. Control. Release, 1998, 52, 109-118.
McLAUGHLIN F.C., MUMPER R.J., WANG J., TAGLIAFERRI J.M., GILL I., HINCHCLIFFE M., ROLLAND A.P. Chitosan and depolymerized chitosan oligomers as condensing carriers for in vivo plasmid delivery. J. Control. Release, 1998, 56, 259-272.
McCLUSKIE M.J., WEERATNA R.D., DAVIS H.L. Intranasal immunization of mice with CpG DNA induces strong systemic and mucosal responses that are influenced by other mucosal adjuvants and antigen distribution. Mol. Med., 2000, 6, 867-877.
McNEELA E.A., O'CONNOR D., JABBAL-GILL I., ILLUM L., DAVIS S.S., PIZZA M., PEPPOLONI S., RAPPUOLI R., MILLS K.H. A mucosal vaccine against diphtheria: formulation of cross reacting material (CRM(197)) of diphtheria toxin with chitosan enhances local and systemic antibody and Th2 responses following nasal delivery. Vaccine, 2000, 19, 1188-1198.
MUZZARELLI R.A. Human enzymatic activities related to the therapeutic administration of chitin derivatives. Cell Mol. Life Sci., 1997, 53, 131-140.
NISHIMURA K., NISHIMURA S., SEO H., NISHI N., TOKURA S., AZUMA I. Macrophage activation with multi-porous beads prepared from partially deacetylated chitin. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 1986, 20, 1359-1372.
OTTERLEI M., VARUM K.M., RYAN L., ESPEVIK T. Characterization of binding and TNF-alpha-inducing ability of chitosans on monocytes: the involvement of CD14. Vaccine, 1994, 12, 825-832.
REBELATTO M.C., GUIMOND P., BOWERSOCK T.L., HOGENESCH H. Induction of systemic and mucosal immune response in cattle by intranasal administration of pig serum albumin in alginate microparticles. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 2001, 83, 93-105.
ROY K., MAO H.Q., HUANG S.K., LEONG K.W. Oral gene delivery with chitosan-DNA nanoparticles generates immunologic protection in a murine model of peanut allergy. Nat. Med., 1999, 5, 387-391.
SABNIS S., REGE P., BLOCK L.H. Use of chitosan in compressed tablets of diclofenac sodium: inhibition of drug release in an acidic environment. Pharm. Dev. Technol., 1997, 2, 243-255.
SABNIS S., BLOCK L.H. Chitosan as an enabling excipient for drug delivery systems. I. Molecular modifications. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2000, 27, 181-186.
SANZGIRI Y.D., BLANTON C.D.J., GALLO J.M. Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro stability of chitosan-methotrexate conjugates. Pharm. Res., 1990, 7, 418-421.
SCHIPPER N.G., OLSSON S., HOOGSTRAATE J.A., DEBOER A.G., VARUM K.M., ARTURSSON P. Chitosans as absorption enhancers for poorly absorbable drugs 2: mechanism of absorption enhancement. Pharm. Res., 1997, 14, 923-929.
SHIBATA Y., FOSTER L.A., METZGER W.J., MYRVIK Q.N. Alveolar macrophage priming by intravenous administration of chitin particles, polymers of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, in mice. Infect. Immun., 1997, 65, 1734-1741.
SOANE R.J., FRIER M., PERKINS A.C., JONES N.S., DAVIS S.S., ILLUM L. Evaluation of the clearance characteristics of bioadhesive systems in humans. Int. J. Pharm., 1999, 178, 55-65.
SOANE R.J., HINCHCLIFFE M., DAVIS S.S., ILLUM L. Clearance characteristics of chitosan based formulations in the sheep nasal cavity. Int. J. Pharm., 2001, 217, 183-191.
TABATA Y., INOUE Y., IKADA Y. Size effect on systemic and mucosal immune responses induced by oral administration of biodegradable microspheres. Vaccine, 1996, 14, 1677-1685.
TAMURA S., SAMEGAI Y., KURATA H., NAGAMINE T., AIZAWA C., KURATA T. Protection against influenza virus infection by vaccine inoculated intranasally with cholera toxin B subunit. Vaccine, 1988, 6, 409-413.
TAMURA S., ASANUMA H., TOMITA T., KOMASE K., KAWAHARA K., DANBARA H., HATTORI N., WATANABE K., SUZUKI Y., NAGAMINE T. Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunits supplemented with a trace amount of the holotoxin as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine. Vaccine, 1994, 12, 1083-1089.
THANOU M.M., KOTZE A.F., SCHARRINGHAUSEN T., LUESSEN H.L., DE B.A., VERHOEF J.C., JUNGINGER H.E. Effect of degree of quaternization of N-trimethyl chitosan chloride for enhanced transport of hydrophilic compounds across intestinal caco-2 cell monolayers. J. Control. Release., 2000, 64, 15-25.
THANOU M., VERHOEF J.C., JUNGINGER H.E. Oral drug absorption enhancement by chitosan and its derivatives. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 2001, 52, 117-126.
TENGAMNUAY P., SAHAMETHAPAT A., SAILASUTA A., MITRA A.K. Chitosans as nasal absorption enhancers of peptides: comparison between free amine chitosans and soluble salts. Int. J. Pharm., 2000, 197, 53-67.
VAN DER LUBBEN I.M., VERHOEF J.C., BORCHARD G., JUNGINGER H.E. Chitosan and its derivatives in mucosal drug and vaccine delivery. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 2001a, 14, 201-207.
VAN DER LUBBEN I.M., KONINGS F.A., BORCHARD G., VERHOEF J.C., JUNGINGER H.E. In vivo uptake of chitosan microparticles by murine Peyer's patches: visualization studies using confocal laser scanning microscopy and immunohistochemistry. J. Drug Target., 2001b, 9, 39-47.
