The HARPS-N Rocky Planet Search. I. HD 219134 b: A transiting rocky planet in a multi-planet system at 6.5 pc from the Sun

Motalebi, F.; Udry, S.; Gillon, Michaël; Lovis, C.; Ségransan, D.; Buchhave, L. A.; Demory, B. O.; Malavolta, L.; Dressing, C. D.; Sasselov, D.; Rice, K.; Charbonneau, D.; Collier Cameron, A.; Latham, D.; Molinari, E.; Pepe, F.; Affer, L.; Bonomo, A. S.; Cosentino, R.; Dumusque, X.; Figueira, P.; Fiorenzano, A. F. M.; Gettel, S.; Harutyunyan, A.; Haywood, R. D.; Johnson, J.; Lopez, E.; Lopez-Morales, M.; Mayor, M.; Micela, G.; Mortier, A.; Nascimbeni, V.; Philips, D.; Piotto, G.; Pollacco, D.; Queloz, D.; Sozzetti, A.; Vanderburg, A.; Watson, C. A.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526822

Article (Scientific journals)

The HARPS-N Rocky Planet Search. I. HD 219134 b: A transiting rocky planet in a multi-planet system at 6.5 pc from the Sun

Motalebi, F.; Udry, S.; Gillon, Michaël et al.

2015 • In Astronomy and Astrophysics, 584, p. 72

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/189999

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10.1051/0004-6361/201526822

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Keywords :

techniques: radial velocities; techniques: photometric; stars: individual: HD 219134; binaries: eclipsing; instrumentation: spectrographs

Abstract :

[en] We know now from radial velocity surveys and transit space missions that planets only a few times more massive than our Earth are frequent around solar-type stars. Fundamental questions about their formation history, physical properties, internal structure, and atmosphere composition are, however, still to be solved. We present here the detection of a system of four low-mass planets around the bright (V = 5.5) and close-by (6.5 pc) star HD 219134. This is the first result of the Rocky Planet Search programme with HARPS-N on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo in La Palma. The inner planet orbits the star in 3.0935 ± 0.0003 days, on a quasi-circular orbit with a semi-major axis of 0.0382 ± 0.0003 AU. Spitzer observations allowed us to detect the transit of the planet in front of the star making HD 219134 b the nearest known transiting planet to date. From the amplitude of the radial velocity variation (2.25 ± 0.22 ms[SUP]-1[/SUP]) and observed depth of the transit (359 ± 38 ppm), the planet mass and radius are estimated to be 4.36 ± 0.44 M[SUB]⊕[/SUB] and 1.606 ± 0.086 R[SUB]⊕[/SUB], leading to a mean density of 5.76 ± 1.09 g cm[SUP]-3[/SUP], suggesting a rocky composition. One additional planet with minimum-mass of 2.78 ± 0.65 M[SUB]⊕[/SUB] moves on a close-in, quasi-circular orbit with a period of 6.767 ± 0.004 days. The third planet in the system has a period of 46.66 ± 0.08 days and a minimum-mass of 8.94 ± 1.13 M[SUB]⊕[/SUB], at 0.233 ± 0.002 AU from the star. Its eccentricity is 0.46 ± 0.11. The period of this planet is close to the rotational period of the star estimated from variations of activity indicators (42.3 ± 0.1 days). The planetary origin of the signal is, however, thepreferred solution as no indication of variation at the corresponding frequency is observed for activity-sensitive parameters. Finally, a fourth additional longer-period planet of mass of 71 M[SUB]⊕[/SUB] orbits the star in 1842 days, on an eccentric orbit (e = 0.34 ± 0.17) at a distance of 2.56 AU. The photometric time series and radial velocities used in this work are available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/584/A72

Disciplines :

Space science, astronomy & astrophysics

Author, co-author :

Motalebi, F.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 chemin des Maillettes, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland

Udry, S.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 chemin des Maillettes, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland

Gillon, Michaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège

Lovis, C.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 chemin des Maillettes, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland

Ségransan, D.; Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 chemin des Maillettes, 1290, Sauverny, Switzerland

Buchhave, L. A.; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA ; Centre for Stars and Planet Formation, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 1350, Copenhagen, Denmark

Demory, B. O.; Cavendish Laboratory, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK

Malavolta, L.; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei", Universita di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 3, 35122, Padova, Italy ; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122, Padova, Italy

Dressing, C. D.; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA

Sasselov, D.; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA

More authors (29 more)

Language :

English

Title :

The HARPS-N Rocky Planet Search. I. HD 219134 b: A transiting rocky planet in a multi-planet system at 6.5 pc from the Sun

Publication date :

01 December 2015

Journal title :

Astronomy and Astrophysics

ISSN :

0004-6361

eISSN :

1432-0746

Publisher :

EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, France

Volume :

584

Pages :

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015A%26A...584A..72M

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