[en] Lithium-doped nickel oxide and undoped nickel oxide thin films have been deposited on FTO/glass substrates by a surfactant-assisted ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The addition of polyethylene glycol in the sprayed solution has led to improved uniformity and reduced light scattering compared to films made without surfactant. Furthermore, the presence of lithium ions in NiO films has resulted in improved electrochromic performances (coloration contrast and efficiency), but with a slight decrease of the electrochromic switching kinetics.
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Denayer, Jessica ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > LCIS - GreenMAT
Bister, Geoffroy; CRIBC - INISMa
Simonis, Priscilla; Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix - Namur - FUNDP > LPS
Colson, Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > LCIS - GreenMAT
Maho, Anthony ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > LCIS - GreenMAT
Aubry, Philippe; CRIBC - INISMa
Vertruyen, Bénédicte ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > Chimie inorganique structurale
Henrist, Catherine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > LCIS - GreenMAT
Lardot, Véronique; CRIBC - INISMa
Cambier, Francis; CRIBC - INISMa
Cloots, Rudi ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > LCIS - GreenMAT
Language :
English
Title :
Surfactant-assisted ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of nickel oxide and lithium-doped nickel oxide thin films, towards electrochromic applications
Publication date :
2014
Journal title :
Applied Surface Science
ISSN :
0169-4332
Publisher :
Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Volume :
321
Pages :
61-69
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Name of the research project :
SMARTSPRAY Project (GREENOMAT Call)
Funders :
Service public de Wallonie : Direction générale opérationnelle de l'économie, de l'emploi et de la recherche - DG06
D.T. Gillaspie, R.C. Tenent, A.C. Dillon, Metal-oxide films for electrochromic applications: present technology and future directions, J. Mater. Chem. 20 (2010) 9585-9592.
R.C. Tenent, D.T. Gillaspie, A. Miedaner, P.A. Parilla, C.J. Curtis, A.C. Dillon, Fast-switching electrochromic Li+-doped NiO films by ultrasonic spray deposition, J. Electrochem. Soc. 157 (2010) H318-H322.
S. Green, J. Backholm, P. Georen, C.G. Granqvist, G.A. Niklasson, Electrochromism in nickel oxide and tungsten oxide thin films: ion intercalation from different electrolytes, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 93 (2009) 2050-2055.
Y.-S. Lin, P.-W. Chen, D.-J. Lin, P.-Y. Chuang, T.-H. Tsai, Y.-C. Shiah, Y.-C. Yu, Electrochromic performance of reactive plasma-sputtered NiOx thin films on flexible PET/ITO substrates for flexible electrochromic devices, Surf. Coat. Technol. 205 (2010) S216-S221.
D.S. Dalavi, M.J. Suryavanshi, D.S. Patil, S.S. Mali, A.V. Moholkar, S.S. Kalagi, S.A. Vanalkar, S.R. Kang, J.H. Kim, P.S. Patil, Nanoporous nickel oxide thin films and its improved electrochromic performance: effect of thickness, Appl. Surf. Sci. 257 (2011) 2647-2656.
A.I. Inamdar, A.C. Sonavane, S.M. Pawar, Y.S. Kim, J.H. Kim, P.S. Patil, W. Jung, H. Im, D.-Y. Kim, H. Kim, Electrochromic and electrochemical properties of amorphous porous nickel hydroxide thin films, Appl. Surf. Sci. 257 (2011) 9606-9611.
C.-C. Liao, Lithium-driven electrochromic properties of electrodeposited nickel hydroxide electrodes, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 99 (2012) 26-30.
S.H. Park, J.W. Lim, S.J. Yoo, I.Y. Cha, Y.-E. Sung, The improving electrochromic performance of nickel oxide film using aqueous N,N-dimethylaminoethanol solution, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 99 (2012) 31-37.
Y.-S. Lin, D.-J. Lin, L.-Y. Chiu, S.-W. Lin, Lithium electrochromism of atmospheric pressure plasma jet-synthesized NiOxCy thin films, J. Solid State Electrochem. 16 (2012) 2581-2590.
F. Lin, D.T. Gillaspie, A.C. Dillon, R.M. Richards, C. Engtrakul, Nitrogen-doped nickel oxide thin films for enhanced electrochromic applications, Thin Solid Films 527 (2013) 26-30.
F. Lin, D. Nordlund, T.-C. Weng, R.G. Moore, D.T. Gillaspie, A.C. Dillon, R.M. Richards, C. Engtrakul, Hole doping in Al-containing nickel oxide materials to improve electrochromic performance, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 5 (2013) 301-309.
M. Mihelcic, I. Jerman, F. Svegl, V.A. Surca, P.L. Slemenik, J. Kovac, B. Orel, U. Posset, Electrochromic Ni 1-x O pigment coatings and plastic film-based Ni 1-x O/TiO 2 device with transmissive light modulation, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 107 (2012) 175-187.
H. Huang, J. Tian, W.K. Zhang, Y.P. Gan, X.Y. Tao, X.H. Xia, J.P. Tu, Electrochromic properties of porous NiO thin film as a counter electrode for NiO/WO 3 complementary electrochromic window, Electrochim. Acta 56 (2011) 4281-4286.
M. Rubin, S.J. Wen, T. Richardson, J. Kerr, K. von Rottkay, J. Slack, Electrochromic lithium nickel oxide by pulsed laser deposition and sputtering, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 54 (1998) 59-66.
S.J. Wen, J. Kerr, M. Rubin, J. Slack, K. von Rottkay, Analysis of durability in lithium nickel oxide electrochromic materials and devices, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 56 (1999) 299-307.
F. Svegl, B. Orel, V. Kaucic, Electrochromic properties of lithiated Co-oxide (LixCoO2) and Ni-oxide (Li x NiO 2 ) thin films prepared by the sol-gel route, Sol. Energy 68 (2000) 523-540.
K.K. Purushothaman, G. Muralidharan, The effect of annealing temperature on the electrochromic properties of nanostructured NiO films, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 93 (2009) 1195-1201.
K.K. Purushothaman, S. Joseph Antony, G. Muralidharan, Optical, structural and electrochromic properties of nickel oxide films produced by sol-gel technique, Sol. Energy 85 (2011) 978-984.
K.K. Purushothaman, G. Muralidharan, Enhanced electrochromic performance of nanoporous NiO films, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 14 (2011) 78-83.
K.K. Purushothaman, G. Muralidharan, Electrochromic properties of nickel oxide and mixed Co/Ni oxide films prepared via sol-gel route, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 358 (2012) 354-359.
R. Cerc Korosec, P. Bukovec, B. Pihlar, A. Surca Vuk, B. Orel, G. Drazic, Preparation and structural investigations of electrochromic nanosized NiO x films made via the sol-gel route, Solid State Ionics 165 (2003) 191-200.
F. Svegl, V.A. Surca, M. Hajzeri, P.L. Slemenik, B. Orel, Electrochromic properties of Ni(1-x)O and composite Ni(1-x)O-polyaniline thin films prepared by the peroxo soft chemistry route, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 99 (2012) 14-25.
M. Martini, G.E.S. Brito, M.C.A. Fantini, A.F. Craievich, A. Gorenstein, Electrochromic properties of NiO-based thin films prepared by sol-gel and dip coating, Electrochim. Acta 46 (2001) 2275-2279.
A. Sawaby, M.S. Selim, S.Y. Marzouk, M.A. Mostafa, A. Hosny, Structure, optical and electrochromic properties of NiO thin films, Physica B (Amst., Neth.) 405 (2010) 3412-3420.
A. Azens, L. Kullman, G. Vaivars, H. Nordborg, C.G. Granqvist, Sputter-deposited nickel oxide for electrochromic applications, Solid State Ionics 113-115 (1998) 449-456.
A. Avendano, A. Azens, G.A. Niklasson, C.G. Granqvist, Sputter deposited electrochromic films and devices based on these: progress on nickel-oxide-based films, Mater. Sci. Eng. B: Solid-State Mater. Adv. Technol. 138 (2007) 112-117.
H. Liu, W. Zheng, X. Yan, B. Feng, Studies on electrochromic properties of nickel oxide thin films prepared by reactive sputtering, J. Alloys Compd. 462 (2008) 356-361.
J. Zhang, J.P. Tu, X.H. Xia, Y. Qiao, Y. Lu, An all-solid-state electrochromic device based on NiO/WO 3 complementary structure and solid hybrid polyelectrolyte, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 93 (2009) 1840-1845.
S.R. Jiang, P.X. Yan, B.X. Feng, X.M. Cai, J. Wang, The response of a NiO x thin film to a step potential and its electrochromic mechanism, Mater. Chem. Phys. 77 (2003) 384-389.
X.H. Xia, J.P. Tu, J. Zhang, X.L. Wang, W.K. Zhang, H. Huang, Morphology effect on the electrochromic and electrochemical performances of NiO thin films, Electrochim. Acta 53 (2008) 5721-5724.
X.H. Xia, J.P. Tu, J. Zhang, X.L. Wang, W.K. Zhang, H. Huang, Electrochromic properties of porous NiO thin films prepared by a chemical bath deposition, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 92 (2008) 628-633.
Q.X. Xia, K.S. Hui, K.N. Hui, D.H. Hwang, S.K. Lee, W. Zhou, Y.R. Cho, S.H. Kwon, Q.M. Wang, Y.G. Son, A facile synthesis method of hierarchically porous NiO nanosheets, Mater. Lett. 69 (2012) 69-71.
W.F. Chen, S.Y. Wu, The effect of temperature on the preparation of electrochromic nickel oxide by an electroless method, Appl. Surf. Sci. 253 (2006) 1907-1911.
J. Arakaki, R. Reyes, M. Horn, W. Estrada, Electrochromism in NiO x and WO x obtained by spray pyrolysis, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 37 (1995) 33-41.
Y. Xie, W. Wang, Y. Qian, L. Yang, Z. Chen, Deposition and microstructural characterization of NiO thin films by a spray pyrolysis method, J. Cryst. Growth 167 (1996) 656-659.
L.D. Kadam, P.S. Patil, Studies on electrochromic properties of nickel oxide thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 69 (2001) 361-369.
H. Kamal, E.K. Elmaghraby, S.A. Ali, K. Abdel-Hady, Characterization of nickel oxide films deposited at different substrate temperatures using spray pyrolysis, J. Cryst. Growth 262 (2004) 424-434.
H. Kamal, E.K. Elmaghraby, S.A. Ali, K. Abdel-Hady, The electrochromic behavior of nickel oxide films sprayed at different preparative conditions, Thin Solid Films 483 (2005) 330-339.
R. Romero, F. Martin, J.R. Ramos-Barrado, D. Leinen, Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured nickel oxide thin films prepared with chemical spray pyrolysis, Thin Solid Films 518 (2010) 4499-4502.
A. Urbano, F.F. Ferreira, S.C. deCastro, R. Landers, M.C.A. Fantini, A. Gorenstein, Electrochromism in lithiated nickel oxide films deposited by rf sputtering, Electrochim. Acta 46 (2001) 2269-2273.
I.A. Garduno, J.C. Alonso, M. Bizarro, R. Ortega, L. Rodriguez-Fernandez, A. Ortiz, Optical and electrical properties of lithium doped nickel oxide films deposited by spray pyrolysis onto alumina substrates, J. Cryst. Growth 312 (2010) 3276-3281.
H.A. Juybari, M.-M. Bagheri-Mohagheghi, M. Shokooh-Saremi, Nickel-lithium oxide alloy transparent conducting films deposited by spray pyrolysis technique, J. Alloys Compd. 509 (2011) 2770-2775.
H. Moulki, D.H. Park, B.-K. Min, H. Kwon, S.-J. Hwang, J.-H. Choy, T. Toupance, G. Campet, A. Rougier, Improved electrochromic performances of NiO based thin films by lithium addition: from single layers to devices, Electrochim. Acta 74 (2012) 46-52.
C.-P. Li, F. Lin, R.M. Richards, C. Engtrakul, A.C. Dillon, R.C. Tenent, C.A. Wolden, Ultrasonic spray deposition of high performance WO 3 films using template-assisted sol-gel chemistry, Electrochem. Commun. 25 (2012) 62-65.
L.M. Bertus, C. Faure, A. Danine, C. Labrugere, G. Campet, A. Rougier, A. Duta, Synthesis and characterization of WO 3 thin films by surfactant assisted spray pyrolysis for electrochromic applications, Mater. Chem. Phys. 140 (2013) 49-59.
L. Berkat, L. Cattin, A. Reguig, M. Regragui, J.C. Bernede, Comparison of the physico-chemical properties of NiO thin films deposited by chemical bath deposition and by spray pyrolysis, Mater. Chem. Phys. 89 (2005) 11-20.
L. Cattin, B.A. Reguig, A. Khelil, M. Morsli, K. Benchouk, J.C. Bernede, Properties of NiO thin films deposited by chemical spray pyrolysis using different precursor solutions, Appl. Surf. Sci. 254 (2008) 5814-5821.
B.A. Reguig, M. Regragui, M. Morsli, A. Khelil, M. Addou, J.C. Bernede, Effect of the precursor solution concentration on the NiO thin film properties deposited by spray pyrolysis, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells 90 (2006) 1381-1392.
B.A. Reguig, A. Khelil, L. Cattin, M. Morsli, J.C. Bernede, Properties of NiO thin films deposited by intermittent spray pyrolysis process, Appl. Surf. Sci. 253 (2007) 4330-4334.
U.P. Muecke, N. Luechinger, L. Schlagenhauf, L.J. Gauckler, Initial stages of deposition and film formation during spray pyrolysis - nickel oxide, cerium gadolinium oxide and mixtures thereof, Thin Solid Films 517 (2009) 1522-1529.
U.P. Muecke, G.L. Messing, L.J. Gauckler, The Leidenfrost effect during spray pyrolysis of nickel oxide-gadolinia doped ceria composite thin films, Thin Solid Films 517 (2009) 1515-1521.
K.M.a.G. McCarthy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA, ICDD Grantin- Aid (1991).
W.H. Baur, Über die Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturbestimmung einiger Vertreter des Rutiltyps: TiO 2 , SnO 2 , GeO 2 und MgF 2 , Acta Cryst. 9 (1956) 515-520.
J.N.R.W. Li, J.R. Dahn, Crystal structure of Li x Ni 2-x O 2 and a lattice-gas model for the order-disorder transition, Phys. Rev. B 46 (1992) 3236-3246.
S.A. Mahmoud, A.A. Akl, H. Kamal, K. Abdel-Hady, Opto-structural, electrical and electrochromic properties of crystalline nickel oxide thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis, Physica B: Condens. Matter (Amst., Neth.) 311 (2002) 366-375.
S.-H. Lin, F.-R. Chen, J.-J. Kai, Electrochromic properties of nano-structured nickel oxide thin film prepared by spray pyrolysis method, Appl. Surf. Sci. 254 (2008) 2017-2022.
R. Cerc Korosec, P. Bukovec, The role of thermal analysis in optimization of the electrochromic effect of nickel oxide thin films, prepared by the sol-gel method: Part II, Thermochim. Acta 410 (2004) 65-71.
