Measurement of PCDDs, PCDFs, and non-ortho-PCBs by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-isotope dilution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-IDTOFMS)
Focant, Jean-François; Reiner, Eric J.; MacPherson, Karenet al.
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs); polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs); coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (cPCBs); comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC); time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS)
Abstract :
[en] Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with isotope-dilution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-IDTOFMS) was used to measure polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF), and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl (cPCB) concentrations in ash, sediment, vegetation, and fish samples. The GC x GC capability was achieved by using a quad jet, dual stage, thermal modulator. Zone compression of the GC peaks from modulation resulted in a significant increase of the signal intensity over classical GC-IDTOFMS. The GC x GC column set used an Rtx-Dioxin 2 phase as the first dimension (D-1) and an Rtx-500 as the second dimension (D-2). The chromatographic separation of the 17 PCDD/Fs and the 4 cPCBs was attained in D-1 except for 2,3,7,8-TCDD and CB126 for which deconvoluted ion currents (DIC) were required to be reported separately. The Rtx-500 phase separated the bulk matrix interfering compounds from the target analytes in D-2. The instrumental limit of detection (iLODs) was 0.5 pg for 2,3,7,8-TCDD. The calibration curves showed good correlation coefficients for all the compounds investigated in the concentration range of 0.5-200 pg. GC x GC-IDTOFMS results compared favorably to those from conventional isotope-dilution one-dimensional gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-IDHRMS). The comprehensive mass analysis of the TOFMS further permitted the identification of other contaminants of concern in the samples. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Reiner, Eric J.; Ministry of Environment (Ontario, Canada)
MacPherson, Karen; Ministry of Environment (Ontario, Canada)
Kolic, Terry; Ministry of Environment (Ontario, Canada)
Sjödin, Andreas; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - CDC > OAT Lab
Patterson, Donald G.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - CDC > OAT Lab
Reese, Shawn L.
Dorman, Frank L.
Cochran, Jack
Language :
English
Title :
Measurement of PCDDs, PCDFs, and non-ortho-PCBs by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-isotope dilution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-IDTOFMS)
Van den Berg M., Birnbaum L., Bosveld A.T.C., Brunström B., Cook P., Feeley M., Giesy J.P., Hanberg A., Hasegawa R., Kennedy S.W., Kubiak T., Larsen J.C., van Leeuwen F.X.R., Liem A.K.D., Nolt C., Peterson R.E., Poellinger L., Safe S., Schrenk D., Tillitt D., Tysklind M., Younes M., Waern F., Zacharewski T. Environ. Health Perspect. 106:1998;775
M.A. Ribick, L.M. Smith, G.R. Dubay, D.L. Stalling, in: D.R. Branson, K.L. Dickson (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fourth Conference of ASTM on Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1981, p. 249.
Plomley J.B., Lausevic M., March R.E. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 19:2000;305
G. Eppe, J.-F. Focant, C. Pirard, E. DePauw, Talanta (2004) present issue.
Focant J.-F., Cochran J.W., Dimandja J.-M.D., DePauw E., Sjödin A., Turner W.E., Patterson D.G. Jr. Analyst. 129:2004;331
Harrison R.O., Eduljee G.H. Sci. Tot. Environ. 239:1999;1
Behnisch P.A., Hosoe K., Sakai S.-I. Environ. Int. 27:2001;413
Leclercq P.A., Cramers C.A. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 17:1998;37
Leonard C., Sacks R. Anal. Chem. 71:1999;5177
Wollnik H., Becker R., Götz H., Kraft A., Jung H., Chen C.-C., Van Ysacker P.G., Janssen H.-G., Snijders H.M.J., Leclercq P.A., Cramers C.A. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Process. 130:1994;L7
van Deursen M.M., Beens J., Janssen H.-G., Leclercq P.A., Cramers C.A. J. Chromatogr. A. 878:2000;205
Phillips J.B., Beens J. J. Chromatogr. A. 856:1999;331
Pursch M., Sun K., Winniford B., Cortes H., Weber A., McCabe T., Luong J. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 373:2002;356
Bertsch W. J. High Reolut. Chromatogr. 22:1999;647
Marriott P., Shellie R. Trends Anal. Chem. 21:2002;573
Dallüge J., Beens J., Brinkman U.A.T. J. Chromatogr. A. 1000:2003;69
J.-F. Focant, A. Sjödin, D.G. Patterson Jr., J. Chromatogr. A 1040 (2004) 227.
Zrostlikova J., Hajslova J., Cajka T. J. Chromatogr. A. 1019:2003;173
Haglund P., Harju M., Ong R., Marriott P. J. Microcol. Sep. 13:2001;306
Marriott P.J., Haglund P., Ong R.C.Y. Clin. Chim. Acta. 328:2003;1
Korytár P., Leonards P.E.G., de Boer J., Brinkman U.A.T. J. Chromatogr. A. 958:2002;203
Korytár P., P van Stee L.L., Leonards P.E.G., de Boer J., Brinkman U.A.T. J. Chromatogr. A. 994:2003;179
Focant J.-F., Sjödin A., Patterson D.G. Jr. J. Chromatogr. A. 1019:2003;143
Lee A.L., Bartle K.D., Lewis A.C. Anal. Chem. 73:2001;1330
van Deursen M., Beens J., Reijenga J., Lipman P., Cramers C. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 23:2000;507
J.-M.D. Dimandja, J. Grainger, D.G. Patterson Jr., Presented at PITTCON 2000, New Orleans, LA, USA, 17-22 March 2002.
Ontario Ministry of Environment, Laboratory Services Branch, Method DFPCB-E3418, The Determination of PCDDs, PCDFs and DLPCBs in Environmental Matrices by GC-HRMS, 2002.