Article (Scientific journals)
Is Dolphin Morbillivirus Virulent for White-Beaked Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris)?
van Elk, C. E.; van de Bildt, M. W. G.; Jauniaux, Thierry et al.
2014In Veterinary Pathology
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Keywords :
Lagenorhynchus albirostris; central nervous system; clinical signs; dolphin; immunohistochemistry; lungs; lymph nodes; morbillivirus
Abstract :
[en] The virulence of morbilliviruses for toothed whales (odontocetes) appears to differ according to host species. In 4 species of odontocetes, morbilliviruses are highly virulent, causing large-scale epizootics with high mortality. In 8 other species of odontocetes, including white-beaked dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris), morbilliviruses have been found as an incidental infection. In these species, the virulence of morbilliviruses is not clear. Therefore, the admission of 2 white-beaked dolphins with morbillivirus infection into a rehabilitation center provided a unique opportunity to investigate the virulence of morbillivirus in this species. By phylogenetic analysis, the morbilliviruses in both animals were identified as a dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) most closely related to that detected in a white-beaked dolphin in Germany in 2007. Both animals were examined clinically and pathologically. Case No. 1 had a chronic neural DMV infection, characterized by polioencephalitis in the cerebrum and morbillivirus antigen expression limited to neurons and glial cells. Surprisingly, no nervous signs were observed in this animal during the 6 months before death. Case No. 2 had a subacute systemic DMV infection, characterized by interstitial pneumonia, leucopenia, lymphoid depletion, and DMV antigen expression in mononuclear cells and syncytia in the lung and in mononuclear cells in multiple lymphoid organs. Cause of death was not attributed to DMV infection in either animal. DMV was not detected in 2 contemporaneously stranded white-beaked dolphins. Stranding rate did not increase in the region. These results suggest that DMV is not highly virulent for white-beaked dolphins.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
van Elk, C. E.
van de Bildt, M. W. G.
Jauniaux, Thierry ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de morphologie et pathologie > Département de morphologie et pathologie
Hiemstra, S.
van Run, P. R. W. A.
Foster, G.
Meerbeek, J.
Osterhaus, A. D. M. E.
Kuiken, T.
Language :
English
Title :
Is Dolphin Morbillivirus Virulent for White-Beaked Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris)?
Publication date :
2014
Journal title :
Veterinary Pathology
ISSN :
0300-9858
eISSN :
1544-2217
Publisher :
SAGE Publications, New York, United States - New York
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 14 January 2014

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