Doctoral thesis (Dissertations and theses)
Mise au point d’un protocole de multiplication in vitro de Jatropha curcas L. en vue d’une application à grande échelle
Medza Mve, Samson Daudet
2013
 

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Keywords :
Jatropha curcas L.; in vitro culture; multiplication rate; induction; bud aggregates; nodal explant
Abstract :
[en] Jatropha curcas L. is a wild plant, that emerged as a source of energy for biodiesel production. It has acquired significant economic potential as it does not compete with the edible oil supplies. Realizing its importance, in vitro multiplication methods have been established to meet the demand of large scale supply of superior clones. In order to improve the in vitro multiplication rate (number of shoots/explant/subculture/three weeks) of J. curcas, axillary nodes taken from young plants of two accessions (originating from Cameroon and Senegal) have been cultivated for three weeks on a Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium (MS) supplemented with 8.87 µM BAP, 4.92 µM IBA, and 30 g/l sucrose at pH 5.7±0.1, and solidified with 0.7% agar. The shoots obtained from each original explant were then transferred to a multiplication media consisting of MS medium supplemented with 2.21 to 8.9 μM BA or 2.21 to 8.9 μM kinetin in combination with 2.46 μM IBA. Each combination was completed with 12.2 mg.l-1 adenine sulfate and 25 mg.l-1 of glutamine. The best multiplication rate was obtained for the PM medium containing 6.65 μM BA and 2.46 μM IBA. The mean multiplication rate is 8.1 shoots per explant during the 7 following subcultures. Leafy shoots obtained have been rooted in a medium containing half of the major mineral and minor mineral components of MS supplemented with 5.7 μM IBA, then acclimated with a survival rate of 97%. With the aim of finding a more efficient production protocol practicable on a large-scale, an alternative method has been developed to regenerate whole plants of J. curcas from nodes via the induction of buds aggregates. Histological observation shows that bud aggregates are simultaneously formed through axillary budding and adventitious regeneration of buds. These buds are elongated in MS medium supplemented with 2.21 µM BA, 5.70 µM IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and 15 mg.l-1 L arginine. The leafy stems are then rooted on MS containing 2.46 µM IBA, 2% sucrose, and 0.7% agar. The entire process takes 14 weeks with 98% plants survival after acclimatization. We obtain a multiplication rate of 13 buds per explant per subculture. This protocol is more efficient than previously known protocols.
Disciplines :
Agriculture & agronomy
Author, co-author :
Medza Mve, Samson Daudet ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Doct. sc. agro. & ingé. biol.
Language :
French
Title :
Mise au point d’un protocole de multiplication in vitro de Jatropha curcas L. en vue d’une application à grande échelle
Alternative titles :
[en] Development of protocol for in vitro propagation of in vitro de Jatropha curcas L. for a large-scale application
Defense date :
11 June 2013
Number of pages :
99
Institution :
ULiège. GxABT - Liège Université. Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech
Degree :
Doctorat en Sciences Agronomiques et Ingénierie Biologique
Promotor :
Toussaint, André ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Plant Sciences
President :
Francis, Frédéric  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > GxABT : Services généraux du site > Site GxABT - Relations internationales
Secretary :
Mergeai, Guy ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Plant Sciences
Jury member :
Baudoin, Jean-Pierre ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Plant Sciences
Doucet, Jean-Louis ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion des ressources forestières et des milieux naturels
Druart, Phillipe
Geerts, Pascal
Mbatchi, Bertrand
Sousa, Alain
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