The earthquake sedimentary record in the Western part of the Sea of Marmara, Turkey

[en] The submarine part of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) is a very significant hazard for the 12 million people living in Istanbul (Turkey). An accurate seismic risk assess- ment necessitates paleoseismological data, which can be re- trieved in the Sea of Marmara only using sedimentary cores. Here a record of turbidites was obtained in five cores span- ning the Tekirdag ̆ Basin, the Western High and the Central Basin linked by the Tekirdag ̆ Fault Segment. The turbidites are synchronous at different sites across basins and structural highs. The only possible triggering mechanism is thus shak- ing related to major earthquakes. In particular the M=7.4 1912 Mu ̈refte earthquake has let a distinctive sedimentary imprint in all the studied cores. Radiocarbon dating implies a turbidite recurrence interval of about 300 years. In addi- tion the low number of turbidites documented in the Central Basinsuggestsquasi-synchronousrupturesoftheTekirdag ̆ Segment and the adjacent Central Segment of the NAF or a partial seismic slip on the Central Segment. Both scenarii have implications regarding seismic hazard. Finally through we obtained a reliable paleoseismological record of the rup- tures along the Tekirdag ̆ Segment, further chronological con- straints are needed to accurately date the events and correlate them with known historical earthquakes.

Disciplines :

Earth sciences & physical geography

Author, co-author :

Drab, Laureen; Ecole Normale Supérieure (Paris)

Hubert, Aurelia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géographie > Géomorphologie

Schmidt, Sabine; Université de Bordeaux 1, France

Martinez, Pierre; Université de Bordeaux 1

Language :

English

Title :

The earthquake sedimentary record in the Western part of the Sea of Marmara, Turkey

Publication date :

2012

Journal title :

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences

ISSN :

1561-8633

eISSN :

1684-9981

Publisher :

European Geosciences Union, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Name of the research project :

L’Histoire Sismique d'Istanbul

Funders :

F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique

Available on ORBi :

since 15 March 2012

Statistics

Number of views

279 (29 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

403 (8 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

publications

supporting

mentioning

contrasting

Smart Citations

Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting

View Citations

See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

Bibliography

Abrajano, T., Aksu, A., Hiscott, R., and Mudie, P.: Aspects of carbon isotope biogeochemistry of late Quaternary sediments from the Marmara Sea and Black Sea, Mar. Geol., 190, 151-164, 2002.
Adams, J.: Paleoseismicity of the Cascadia Subduction Zone - Evidence from Turbidites off the Oregon-Washington Margin, Tectonics, 9, 1990.
Aksoy, M., Meghraoui, M., Vallée, M., and Çakir, Z.: Rupture characteristics of the AD 1912 Mürefte (Ganos) earthquake segment of the North Anatolian fault (western Turkey), Geology, 38, 991- 994, 2010.
Ambraseys, N.: The seismic activity of the Marmara Sea region over the last 2000 years, B. Seismolog. Soc. Am., 92, 1-18, 2002.
Armijo, R., Meyer, B., Hubert, A., and Barka, A.: Westward propagation of the North Anatolian fault into the northern Aegean: Timing and kinematics, Geology, 27, 267-270, 1999.
Armijo, R., Meyer, B., Navarro, S., King, G., and Barka, A.: Asymmetric slip partitioning in the Sea of Marmara pull-apart: A clue to propagation processes of the North Anatolian Fault?, Terra Nova, 14, 80-86, 2002.
Armijo, R., Pondard, N., Meyer, B., Uçarkuş, G., de Lepinay, B., Malavieille, J., Dominguez, S., Gutscher, M., Schmidt, S., Beck, C., Çǎgatay, N., Cakir, Z., Imren, C., Eriş, K., Natalin, B., Ozalaybey, S., Tolun, L., Lefevre, I., Seeber, L., Gasperini, L., Rangin, C., Emre, O., and Sarikavak, K.: Submarine fault scarps in the Sea of Marmara pull-apart (North Anatolian Fault): Implications for seismic hazard in Istanbul, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, 1-29, 2005.
Bahr, A., Lamy, F., Arz, H., Kuhlmann, H., and Wefer, G.: Late glacial to Holocene climate and sedimentation history in the NW Black Sea, Mar. Geol., 214, 309-322, 2005.
Barka, A. A. and Kadinsky-Cade, K.: Strike-slip fault geometry in Turkey and its influence on earthquake activity, Tectonics, 7, 663-684, 1988.
Bécel, A., Laigle, M., de Voogd, B., Hirn, A., Taymaz, T., Galvé, A., Shimamura, H., Murai, Y., Lépine, J., Sapin, M., et al.: Moho, crustal architecture and deep deformation under the North Marmara Trough, from the SEISMARMARA Leg 1 offshoreonshore reflection-refraction survey, Tectonophysics, 467, 1-21, 2009.
Beck, C., de Lpinay, B. M., Schneider, J., Cremer, M., Çǎgatay, N., Wendenbaum, E., Boutareaud, S., Mnot, G., Schmidt, S., Weber, O., Eris, K., Armijo, R., Meyer, B., Pondard, N., Gutscher, M., the Marmacore cruise party
Turon, J., Labeyrie, L., Cortijo, E., Gallet, Y., Bouquerel, H., Gorur, N., Gervais, A., Castera, M., Londeix, L., de Ressguier, A., and Jaouen, A.: Late Quaternary co-seismic sedimentation in the Sea of Marmara's deep basins, Sediment. Geol., 199, 65-89, 2007.
Bertrand, S., Charlet, F., Chapron, E., Fagel, N., and De Batist, M.: Reconstruction of the Holocene seismotectonic activity of the Southern Andes from seismites recorded in Lago Icalma, Chile, 39 S, Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecolog., 259, 301-322, 2008.
Bottema, S. and Woldring, H.: Bronze Age and Byzantine pollen of the Kestel tin-mine (Turkey) and its possible origin: Practical and experimental pollen analysis in archaeological context, Aspects of archaeological palynology: Methodology and applications, AASP Contributions Series, 29, 7-15, 1994.
Butler, R.: Paleomagnetism: Magnetic domains to geologic terranes, Blackwell Scientific Publications Boston, MA, ISBN- 086542070X, 1992.
Carton, H., Singh, S. C., Hirn, A., Bazin, S., de Voogd, B., Vigner, A., Ricolleau, A., Cetin, S., Ocakoglu, N., Karakoc, F., and Sevilgen, V.: Seismic imaging of the three-dimensional architecture of the Cinarcik Basin along the North Anatolian Fault, J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Ea., 112, B06101, 2007.
Çǎgatay, M., Görür, N., Algan, O., Eastoe, C., Tchapalyga, A., Ongan, D., Kuhn, T., and Kuşcu, I.: Late Glacial-Holocene palaeoceanography of the Sea of Marmara: Timing of connections with the Mediterranean and the Black Seas, Mar. Geol., 167, 191-206, 2000.
Dolan, J., Christofferson, S., and Shaw, J.: Recognition of paleoearthquakes on the Puente Hills blind thrust fault, California, Science, 300, 115-118, 2003.
Eastwood, W., Roberts, N., and Lamb, H.: Palaeoecological and archaeological evidence for human occupance in southwest Turkey: The Beyşehir occupation phase, Anatolian studies, 48, 69-86, 1998.
Eris, K. K., Ryan, W. B. F., Cagatay, M. N., Sancar, U., Lericolais, G., Menot, G., and Bard, E.: The timing and evolution of the post-glacial transgression across the Sea of Marmara shelf south of Istanbul, Mar. Geol., 243, 57-76, 2007.
Folk, R.: Petrology of sedimentary rocks, Hemphill's Austin, Texas, 1968.
Fraser, J., Vanneste, K., and Hubert-Ferrari, A.: Recent behavior of the North Anatolian Fault: Insights from an integrated paleoseismological data set, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B09316, 2010.
Galli, P., Galadini, F., and Pantosti, D.: Twenty years of paleoseismology in Italy, Earth-Sci. Rev., 88, 89-117, 2008.
Goldfinger, C.: The Record of Large Turbidites and Their Relevance to the History of Earthquakes, Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci., 3, doi:10.1146/annurev-marine- 120709-142852, 2011.
Goldfinger, C., Nelson, C., and Johnson, J.: Holocene earthquake records from the Cascadia subduction zone and northern San Andreas fault based on precise dating of offshore turbidites, Ann. Rev. Earth and Planet. Sci., 31, 555-577, 2003a.
Goldfinger, C., Nelson, C., Johnson, J. E., and the Shipboard Scientific party: Deep-water turbidites as Holocene earthquake proxies: The Cascadia subduction zone and Northern San Andreas Fault systems, Ann. Geophys., 46, 2003b.
Goldfinger, C., Grijalva, K., Burgmann, R., Morey, A., Johnson, J., Nelson, C., Gutierrez-Pastor, J., Ericsson, A., Karabanov, E., Chaytor, J., Chaytor, J. D., Patton, J., and Gracia, E.: Late Holocene rupture of the northern San Andreas fault and possible stress linkage to the Cascadia subduction zone, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 98, 861-889, 2008.
Gorsline, D., De Diego, T., and Nava-Sanchez, E.: Seismically triggered turbidites in small margin basins: Alfonso Basin, Western Gulf of California and Santa Monica Basin, California Borderland, Sediment. Geol., 135, 21-35, 2000.
Hiscott, R. and Aksu, A.: Late Quaternary history of the Marmara Sea and Black Sea from high-resolution seismic and gravity-core studies, Mar. Geol., 190, 261-282, 2002.
Hiscott, R., Aksu, A., Yasar, D., Kaminski, M., Mudie, P., Kostylev, V., MacDonald, J., Isler, F., and Lord, A.: Deltas south of the Bosphorus Strait record persistent Black Sea outflow to the Marmara Sea since similar to 10 ka, Mar. Geol., 190, 95-118, 2002.
Hubert-Ferrari, A., Barka, A., Jacques, E., Nalbant, S., Meyer, B., Armijo, R., Tapponnier, P., and King, G.: Seismic hazard in the Marmara Sea region following the 17 August 1999 Izmit earthquake, Nature, 404, 269-273, 2000.
Inouchi, Y., Kinugasa, Y., Kumon, F., Nakano, S., Yasumatsu, S., and Shiki, T.: Turbidites as records of intense palaeoearthquakes in Lake Biwa, Japan, Sediment. Geol., 104, 117-125, 1996.
Kazanci, N., Leroy, S., Ileri, O., Emre, O., Kibar, M., and Oncel, S.: Late Holocene erosion in NW Anatolia from sediments of Lake Manyas, Lake Ulubat and the southern shelf of the Marmara Sea, Turkey, Catena, 57, 277-308, 2004.
Klinger, Y., Etchebes, M., Tapponnier, P., and Narteau, C.: Characteristic slip for five great earthquakes along the Fuyun fault in China, Nat. Geosci., 4, 389-392, 2011.
Kondo, H., Nakata, T., Akhtar, S., Wesnousky, S., Sugito, N., Kaneda, H., Tsutsumi, H., Khan, A., Khattak, W., and Kausar, A.: Long recurrence interval of faulting beyond the 2005 Kashmir earthquake around the northwestern margin of the Indo- Asian collision zone, Geology, 36, 731-734, 2008.
Le Pichon, X., Sengr, A., Demirbag, E., Rangin, C., Imren, C., Armijo, R., Grr, N., Çagatay, N., Mercier de Lepinay, B., Meyer, B., SaatçIlar, R., and Tok, B.: The active Main Marmara Fault, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 192, 595-616, 2001.
Londeix, L., Herreyre, Y., Turon, J., and Fletcher, W.: Last Glacial to Holocene hydrology of the Marmara Sea inferred from a dinoflagellate cyst record, Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 158, 52-71, 2009.
Major, C., Ryan, W., Lericolais, G., and Hajdas, I.: Constraints on Black Sea outflow to the Sea of Marmara during the last glacialinterglacial transition, Mar. Geol., 190, 19-34, 2002.
Masson, D., Arzola, R., Wynn, J., Hunt, E., : Seismic triggering of landslides and turbidity currents offshore Portugal, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 2011.
McClusky, S., Reilinger, R., Mahmoud, S., Ben Sari, D., and Tealeb, A.: GPS constraints on Africa (Nubia) and Arabia plate motions, Geophys. J. Int., 155, 126-138, 2003.
McHugh, C., Seeber, L., Braudy, N., Cormier, M., Davis, M., Diebold, J., Dieudonne, N., Douilly, R., Gulick, S., Hornbach, M., et al.: Offshore sedimentary effects of the 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake, Geology, 39, 723-726, 2011.
McHugh, C. M. G., Seeber, L., Cormier, M.-H., Dutton, J., Cagatay, N., Polonia, A., Ryan, W. B. F., and Gorur, N.: Submarine earthquake geology along the North Anatolia Fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey: A model for transform basin sedimentation, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 248, 661-684, 2006.
Migeon, S., Weber, O., Faugeres, J., and Saint-Paul, J.: SCOPIX: A new X-ray imaging system for core analysis, Geo-Mar. Lett., 18, 251-255, 1999.
Mudie, P., Rochon, A., and Aksu, A.: Pollen stratigraphy of Late Quaternary cores from Marmara Sea: Land-sea correlation and paleoclimatic history, Mar. Geol., 190, 233-260, 2002.
Muller, J. and Aydin, A.: Using mechanical modeling to constrain fault geometries proposed for the northern Marmara Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B03407, doi:10.1029/2004JB003226, 2005.
Nakajima, T. and Kanai, Y.: Sedimentary features of seismoturbidites triggered by the 1983 and older historical earthquakes in the eastern margin of the Japan Sea, Sediment. Geol., 135, 1-19, 2000.
Örgülü, G.: Seismicity and source parameters for small-scale earthquakes along the splays of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) in the Marmara Sea, Geophys. J. Int., 184, 385-404, 2011.
Palike, H., Shackleton, N., and Rohl, U.: Astronomical forcing in Late Eocene marine sediments, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 193, 589-602, 2001.
Pettijohn, F., Potter, P., and Siever, R.: Sand and sandstone, Springer, 1987.
Pondard, N.: Le pull-apart de la Mer de Marmara (Faille Nord Anatolienne): Evolution morphologique et tectonique, interactions entre failles, et a l'a sismique de la region d'Istanbul, Ph.D. thesis, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 2006.
Pondard, N., Armijo, R., King, G. C. P., Meyer, B., and Flerit, F.: Fault interactions in the Sea of Marmara pull-apart (North Anatolian Fault): Earthquake clustering and propagating earthquake sequences, Geophys. J. Int., 171, 1185-1197, 2007.
Reilinger, R., McClusky, S., Vernant, P., Lawrence, S., Ergintav, S., Cakmak, R., Ozener, H., Kadirov, F., Guliev, I., Stepanyan, R., et al.: GPS constraints on continental deformation in the Africa-Arabia-Eurasia continental collision zone and implications for the dynamics of plate interactions, J. Geophys. Res., 111, B05411, doi:10.1029/2005JB004051, 2006.
Robbins, J.: Geochemical and geophysical applications of radioactive lead, The biogeochemistry of lead in the environment, 1, 285-337, 1978.
Rockwell, T., Ragona, D., Seitz, G., Langridge, R., Aksoy, M., Uçarkuş, G., Ferry, M., Meltzner, A., Klinger, Y., Meghraoui, M., et al.: Palaeoseismology of the North Anatolian Fault near the Marmara Sea: Implications for fault segmentation and seismic hazard, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 316, 31-54, 2009.
Sari, E. and Çǎgatay, M.: Turbidites and their association with past earthquakes in the deep Çinarcik Basin of the Marmara Sea, Geo- Mar. Lett., 26, 69-76, 2006.
Schmidt, S., Howa, H., Mouret, A., Lombard, F., Anschutz, P., and Labeyrie, L.: Particle fluxes and recent sediment accumulation on the Aquitanian margin of Bay of Biscay, Cont. Shelf Res., 29, 1044-1052, 2009.
Seeber, L., Cormier, M., McHugh, C., Emre, O., Polonia, A., and Sorlien, C.: Rapid subsidence and sedimentation from oblique slip near a bend on the North Anatolian transform fault in the Marmara Sea, Turkey, Geology, 34, 933-936, 2006.
Seeber, L., Emre, O., Cormier, M., Sorlien, C., McHugh, C., Polonia, A., Ozer, N., and Çǎgatay, N.: Uplift and subsidence from oblique slip: The Ganos-Marmara bend of the North Anatolian Transform, Western Turkey, Tectonophysics, 391, 2004.
Sengör, A., Tüysüz, O., Imren, C., Sakinç, M., Eyidogan, H., Görür, N., Le Pichon, X., and Rangin, C.: The North Anatolian fault: A new look, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 33, 37-112, 2005.
Shiki, T., Kumon, F., Inouchi, Y., Kontani, Y., Sakamoto, T., Tateishi, M., Matsubara, H., and Fukuyama, K.: Sedimentary features of the seismo-turbidites, Lake Biwa, Japan, Sediment. Geol., 135, 37-50, 2000.
Sperazza, M., Moore, J., and Hendrix, M.: High-resolution particle size analysis of naturally occurring very fine-grained sediment through laser diffractometry, J. Sediment. Res., 74, 736-743, 2004.
Tauxe, L.: Essentials of Paleomagnetism, University of California Press, 2010.
Uçarkuş, G.: Active faulting and earthquake scarps along the North Anatolian Fault in the Seo of Marmara., Ph.D. thesis, Istanbul Technical University, 2010.
Van Zeist, W., Woldring, H., and Stapert, D.: Late Quaternary vegetation and climate of southwestern Turkey, Palaeohistoria, 17, 53-143, 1975.
Vidal, L., Menot, G., Joly, C., Bruneton, H., Rostek, F., Çǎgatay, M. N., Major, C., and Bard, E.: Hydrology in the Sea of Marmara during the last 23 ka: Implications for timing of Black Sea connections and sapropel deposition, Paleoceanography, 25, doi:10.1029/2009PA001735, 2010.
Vlag, P. A., Kruiver, P. P., and Dekkers, M. J.: Evaluating climate change by multivariate statistical techniques on magnetic and chemical properties of marine sediments (Azores region), Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 212, 23-44, 2004.
Weldon, R., Scharer, K., Fumal, T., and Biasi, G.: Wrightwood and the earthquake cycle: What a long recurrence record tells us about how faults work, GSA TODAY, 14, 4-10, 2004.

Similar publications

Sorry the service is unavailable at the moment. Please try again later.