combustible; énergie renouvelable; lignocellulose; matière première; chimie verte; fuels; renewable energy; raw materials; green chemistry
Abstract :
[fr] L’augmentation du prix des ressources fossiles, l’incertitude quant à leur disponibilité à long terme et les préoccupations environnementales justifient la recherche de matières premières et de technologies alternatives capables de réduire la dépendance en ces combustibles fossiles et d’atténuer les atteintes à l’environnement, notamment en termes d’émissions de dioxyde de carbone. L’utilisation rationnelle de la biomasse comme substitut au carbone fossile constitue donc un enjeu majeur et est la force motrice du développement des bioraffineries qui auront un rôle important à jouer dans un avenir proche. Une bioraffinerie est une installation qui intègre à la fois les processus de conversion et l’équipement pour produire des carburants,
de l’énergie et des produits à plus haute valeur ajoutée au départ de la biomasse. Dans ce type d’installation, presque tous les types de matières premières végétales peuvent être convertis en biocarburants et en produits biobasés. Cette démarche intègre différentes voies de valorisation, ce qui permet de maximiser les avantages économiques et environnementaux tout en minimisant les déchets et la pollution. L’intégration de la chimie verte et l’utilisation de technologies ayant un impact réduit sur l’environnement dans les bioraffineries permettent d’envisager des chaines de production de biocarburants et de produits chimiques biobasés durables au départ de la biomasse. Actuellement, les bioraffineries vertes, les bioraffineries céréalières, les bioraffineries oléagineuses et les bioraffineries lignocellulosiques sont à la base de nombreux projets de recherche, de développement et de mise en oeuvre industrielle, essentiellement au travers de complexes de bioraffineries intégrées. [en] Because of the price increase of fossil resources, of their uncertain availability and because of environmental concerns, alternative solutions able to mitigate global warming, and reduce the
consumption of fossil fuels and carbon dioxide emissions should be promoted. The replacement of petroleum with biomass as raw material for bioenergy (biofuels, power and heat) and chemical production is an interesting option and is the driving force for the development of biorefinery complexes that will have a critical role to play in our common future. A biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, heat and chemicals from biomass. In biorefinery, almost all types of biomass feedstocks can be converted to different classes of biofuels and biochemicals through various processes that maximize economic and environmental benefits, while minimizing waste and pollution. Through the integration of green chemistry into biorefineries, and the use of low environmental impact technologies, future sustainable production chains of biofuels and high value chemicals from biomass can therefore be established. Currently, the green biorefinery, the whole-crop biorefinery, the oilseed biorefinery and the lignocellulosic feedstock biorefinery are favoured in research, development and industrial implementation, essentially through fully integrated biorefinery complexes.
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Laurent, Pascal ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Chimie et bio-industries > Chimie biologique industrielle
Roiz, Julie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Chimie et bio-industries > Chimie biologique industrielle
Wertz, Jean-Luc ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Chimie et bio-industries > Chimie biologique industrielle
Richel, Aurore ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Chimie et bio-industries > Chimie biologique industrielle
Paquot, Michel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Chimie et bio-industries > Chimie biologique industrielle
Language :
French
Title :
Le bioraffinage, une alternative prometteuse à la pétrochimie
Alternative titles :
[en] Biorefining, a promising alternative to petrochemistry.
Publication date :
2011
Journal title :
Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement
ISSN :
1370-6233
eISSN :
1780-4507
Publisher :
Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux, Gembloux, Belgium
Volume :
15
Issue :
4
Pages :
597-610
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Name of the research project :
Programme d'Excellence TECHNOSE (716757)
Funders :
DGTRE - Région wallonne. Direction générale des Technologies, de la Recherche et de l'Énergie
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