Étude comparative des « prick » et « patch » tests aux moisissures, aux dermatophytes et aux levures dans la dermatite atopique de la tête et du cou, la dermatite séborrhéique et le sébopsoriasis

Aim of the study. – The capacity of fungi to induce eczema in head and neck dermatitis has already been studied. Malassezia has often been implicated in two other dermatitis of the cephalic region (seborrhoeic dermatitis and sebopsoriasis).We have explored the cellular and IgE dependant reactions to different groups of fungi in these three dermatitis using “patch” and “prick” tests. Tested allergens were: Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, Candida albicans, Malassezia, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Material and methods. – Seventy persons including 42 females (60%) and 28 males (40%) aged 40 years old in average were distributed in four groups: Head and neck dermatitis (24 patients), seborrheic dermatitis of the face (21 patients) and sebopsoriasis of the face (10 patients) compared to 15 controls without these dermatoses.
Results and conclusions. – Globally, in “prick” and “patch” tests, yeasts had the highest number of positivity comparing to the two other groups. Malassezia was the leader in “prick tests”. In “patch tests”, the global results showed a positivity rate, which was clearly lower than those in “prick tests”. Detailed analysis of the results revealed that in the head and neck dermatitis the highest number of positive “patch tests” for all of these allergens is found. For the three other groups, no significant difference for these two techniques for any of these allergens has been detected.