L’onde F dans tous ses états

Réponse F; Réflexe H; Réflexe d'axone moteur; Décharge double indirecte; Sclérose latérale amyotrophique; Neuropathies démyélinisantes; F-wave; H reflex; Axon reflex; Double indirect discharge; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Demyelinating neuropathies

Abstract :

[fr] C’est Magladery et McDougal (1950) qui, les premiers, ont constaté l’existence des réponses F au niveau du pied (F pour foot) chez l’homme. Dawson et Merton (1956) ont ensuite démontré que celles-ci ne résultent pas d’un réflexe, mais de la décharge des motoneurones suite à leur activation rétrograde par des volées d’influx centripètes. L’onde F se traduit au niveau musculaire, par une réponse indirecte (dont la latence diminue lorsque le site de stimulation nerveuse s’éloigne du site de détection musculaire), tardive (survenant après la réponse M), de longue latence. Lors d’une stimulation nerveuse supramaximale, une ou plusieurs unités motrices participent à la formation de la réponse F. Lorsque la stimulation nerveuse est répétée, les unités motrices, générant l’onde F, changent d’une stimulation à l’autre, induisant une variabilité en latence, durée, amplitude et forme de la réponse tardive. Cette variabilité est principalement liée au niveau d’excitabilité des motoneurones α. En clinique, le paramètre le plus utile est la latence minimale, à condition qu’au moins 7 ondes F distinctes soient évoquées. Lorsque l’analyse est relative soit au côté controlatéral, soit à un examen antérieur, ce paramètre est un des plus sensibles en électroneuromyographie.
[en] F-waves result from the discharge of the motoneurons following their antidromic activa- tion. The F-wave appears, as an indirect (the F-wave latency decreases when the stimulation site moves away from the muscular detection) and late response (occurring after the M response). In practice, the most useful parameter is the F-wave minimal latency, provided that at least seven distinct F-waves are evoked. When the analysis is relative either to the controlateral side, or to a former examination, this parameter is one of most sensitive in electroneuromyography. F-wave evocation implies conduction along the entire peripheral nervous system, and particularly its proximal part, which is not investigated by nervous trunks conduction velocity studies. Thus, F wave study is the most useful in plexopathies and polyradiculonevritis. In the early phase of Guillain-Barre ́ syndrome, their absence may be the unique sign indicative of proximal conduction blocks.

Disciplines :

Orthopedics, rehabilitation & sports medicine
Neurology

Author, co-author :

WANG, François-Charles ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Médecine de l'appareil locomoteur

Massart, Nicolas ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Médecine de l'appareil locomoteur

Kaux, Jean-François ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Département des sciences cliniques

Bouquiaux, Olivier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Médecine de l'appareil locomoteur

Language :

French

Title :

L’onde F dans tous ses états

Alternative titles :

[en] F-waves

Publication date :

December 2011

Journal title :

Revue Neurologique

ISSN :

0035-3787

eISSN :

2213-0004

Publisher :

Masson, Paris, France

Volume :

167

Pages :

938-944

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 27 August 2011

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