[en] Through a wide review of the litterature (330 references), the authors have tried to describe the determinant or predisposing effects of factors usually involved in the reproduction problems in beef or dairy cattle. These factors have been qualified as individual or herd factors. The first ones involve the animal itself like age, genetic, milk production level, dystocia, twinning, perinatal mortality, placental retentio, milk fever, uterine involution, metritis, post-partum ovarian activity. The second ones concern the environnement of the animal i.e. first insemination policy, oestrus detection, insemination time and technic, nutrition, season, stabulation, herd size or management capacity of the farmer. The authors conclude to the multifactorial etiology of the reproduction pathologies. It also appears necessary to develop data collection systems like herd health management programs. Such systems should be able to offer to the practitionner the opportunity to be involved more efficiently in the economic health of the herd using epidemiological tools to study the different implied factors. [fr] Les auteurs, au travers d'une vaste revue de la littérature (330 références), ont cherché à préciser les effets déterminants ou prédisposants des facteurs rendus habituellement responsables de problèmes de reproduction en élevage bovin. Ces facteurs ont été qualifiés
d'individuels, parce que concernant davantage l'individu, ou de troupeau, parce que plus dépendant de l'environnement zootechnique ou de gestion des animaux qui le composent. Sont ainsi passés en revue dans le premier groupe les effets de l'âge, de la génétique, de la production laitière, d'un accouchement dystocique, de la gémellité, de la mortalité périnatale, de la rétention placentaire, de la fièvre vitulaire, de l'involution utérine, de l'infection du tractus génital et de l'activité ovarienne au cours du post-partum. Dans le second par contre, ils ont davantage cerné les effets de la politique d'insémination au cours du post-partum, de la détection des chaleurs, du moment et de la technique d'insémination, de la nutrition, de la saison, du type de stabulation, de la taille du troupeau et d'autres facteurs tels que, par exemple, les capacités de gestion de l'éleveur. Les auteurs insistent sur le caractère multifactoriel des pathologies de reproduction. Il en résulte la nécessité de mettre en place des systèmes de collecte de données donnant au praticien la possibilité de gérer davantage la santé économique du troupeau et lui offrant les moyens d'étude plus épidémiologique des facteurs impliqués.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Hanzen, Christian ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département clinique des animaux de production (DCP) > Obstétr. et path. de la reprod. des équidés, rumin. et porcs
Houtain, J. Y.
Laurent, Y.
Ectors, Francis
Language :
French
Title :
Influence des facteurs individuels et de troupeau sur les performances de reproduction bovine
Alternative titles :
[en] Influence of individual and herds factors on bovine reproduction performances
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